{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401413729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3440651","title":"PRECISION: A Physics-Constrained and Noise-Controlled Diffusion Model for Photon Counting Computed Tomography","display_name":"PRECISION: A Physics-Constrained and Noise-Controlled Diffusion Model for Photon Counting Computed Tomography","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401413729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3440651","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39115984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2024.3440651","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3440651","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102022928","display_name":"Ruifeng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2219-2467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruifeng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2219-2467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009338775","display_name":"Zhong-Liang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-7908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135459","display_name":"United Imaging Healthcare (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03qqw3m37","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135459"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CT RPA Department, United Imaging Healthcare Company Ltd., Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CT RPA Department, United Imaging Healthcare Company Ltd., Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033344283","display_name":"Guotao Quan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-0718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135459","display_name":"United Imaging Healthcare (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03qqw3m37","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135459"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guotao Quan","raw_affiliation_strings":["CT RPA Department, United Imaging Healthcare Company Ltd., Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-0718","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CT RPA Department, United Imaging Healthcare Company Ltd., Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101196197","display_name":"Yanfeng Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6237-6578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135459","display_name":"United Imaging Healthcare (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03qqw3m37","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135459"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanfeng Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["CT RPA Department, United Imaging Healthcare Company Ltd., Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6237-6578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CT RPA Department, United Imaging Healthcare Company Ltd., Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350437","display_name":"Yang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5660-6349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and its Interdisciplinary Applications, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5660-6349","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and its Interdisciplinary Applications, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101658474","display_name":"Yinsheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1635-5178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinsheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence and the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1635-5178","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence and the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1516,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42927577,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"10","first_page":"3476","last_page":"3489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-counting","display_name":"Photon counting","score":0.7342125773429871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.7165468335151672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5761598348617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-photon-emission-computed-tomography","display_name":"Single-photon emission computed tomography","score":0.5650905966758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion","display_name":"Diffusion","score":0.542807400226593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.5051847100257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-diffusion","display_name":"Photon diffusion","score":0.462067186832428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon","display_name":"Photon","score":0.45619329810142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomography","display_name":"Computed tomography","score":0.4485892653465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4011438190937042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.25703608989715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2235945165157318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.131798654794693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-medicine","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","score":0.1255403459072113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.09518268704414368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.08425939083099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.07299050688743591}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781402376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126172","display_name":"Photon counting","level":3,"score":0.7342125773429871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7165468335151672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5761598348617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780441642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849737","display_name":"Single-photon emission computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.5650905966758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.542807400226593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.5051847100257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47019982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q305032","display_name":"Photon diffusion","level":3,"score":0.462067186832428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.45619329810142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.4485892653465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4011438190937042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.25703608989715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2235945165157318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.131798654794693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.1255403459072113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.09518268704414368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.08425939083099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07299050688743591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982854487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9128","display_name":"Light source","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2024.3440651","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3440651","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39115984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39115984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4166200719","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFC2401600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6592847144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T2225025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G92316490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301545","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1463341199","https://openalex.org/W1964562216","https://openalex.org/W1972037630","https://openalex.org/W1981418870","https://openalex.org/W1990246507","https://openalex.org/W2006262045","https://openalex.org/W2013035813","https://openalex.org/W2013586450","https://openalex.org/W2018880698","https://openalex.org/W2050351309","https://openalex.org/W2059360236","https://openalex.org/W2059609680","https://openalex.org/W2098092211","https://openalex.org/W2099619241","https://openalex.org/W2110652437","https://openalex.org/W2120096152","https://openalex.org/W2141983208","https://openalex.org/W2151517435","https://openalex.org/W2300237018","https://openalex.org/W2300533347","https://openalex.org/W2339174593","https://openalex.org/W2467604901","https://openalex.org/W2471048935","https://openalex.org/W2512266304","https://openalex.org/W2516922013","https://openalex.org/W2520302833","https://openalex.org/W2607545988","https://openalex.org/W2734514690","https://openalex.org/W2736617187","https://openalex.org/W2792442578","https://openalex.org/W2798699107","https://openalex.org/W2921457112","https://openalex.org/W2943602527","https://openalex.org/W2963376989","https://openalex.org/W3106114270","https://openalex.org/W3110257065","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6631943919","https://openalex.org/W6679045638","https://openalex.org/W6720208624","https://openalex.org/W6733471323","https://openalex.org/W6779823529","https://openalex.org/W6786375611"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998362441","https://openalex.org/W2048850214","https://openalex.org/W2025695699","https://openalex.org/W1996835655","https://openalex.org/W771328121","https://openalex.org/W4367599494","https://openalex.org/W2803062586","https://openalex.org/W1580291311","https://openalex.org/W4392199082","https://openalex.org/W2071744168"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"the":[1,21,28,61,95,112,142,145,153,158,162,166,173],"use":[2],"of":[3,23,31,64,71,83,114,131,144,148,168,176],"photon":[4],"counting":[5],"detectors":[6],"in":[7,57,94],"computed":[8],"tomography":[9],"(PCCT)":[10],"has":[11],"attracted":[12],"extensive":[13],"attention.":[14],"It":[15],"is":[16,38],"highly":[17],"desired":[18],"to":[19,59,110,164],"improve":[20,165],"quality":[22,63,167],"material":[24,65,84,98,116,128,169],"basis":[25,66,85,99,117,129,170],"image":[26,100],"and":[27,52,68,152,172],"quantitative":[29,174],"accuracy":[30,175],"elemental":[32,72,177],"composition,":[33],"particularly":[34],"when":[35],"PCCT":[36,151],"data":[37,155],"acquired":[39],"at":[40],"lower":[41],"radiation":[42],"dose":[43],"levels.":[44],"In":[45,103],"this":[46,138],"work,":[47],"we":[48],"develop":[49],"a":[50,121,149],"physics-constrained":[51],"noise-controlled":[53,122],"diffusion":[54,124],"model,":[55],"PRECISION":[56,106,160],"short,":[58],"address":[60],"degraded":[62],"images":[67,118,130,171],"inaccurate":[69],"quantification":[70],"composition":[73,178],"mainly":[74],"caused":[75],"by":[76],"imperfect":[77],"noise":[78],"model":[79,147],"and/or":[80,91],"hand-crafted":[81],"regularization":[82,109],"images,":[86],"such":[87],"as":[88],"local":[89],"smoothness":[90],"sparsity,":[92],"leveraged":[93],"existing":[96],"direct":[97],"reconstruction":[101],"approaches.":[102],"stark":[104],"contrast,":[105],"learns":[107],"distribution-level":[108],"describe":[111],"feature":[113],"ideal":[115],"via":[119],"training":[120],"spatial-spectral":[123],"model.":[125],"The":[126],"optimal":[127],"each":[132],"individual":[133],"subject":[134],"are":[135],"sampled":[136],"from":[137,157],"learned":[139],"distribution":[140],"under":[141],"constraint":[143],"physical":[146],"given":[150],"measured":[154],"obtained":[156],"subject.":[159],"exhibits":[161],"potential":[163],"for":[179],"PCCT.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}