{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4398250457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3404549","title":"Rethinking Multiple Instance Learning for Whole Slide Image Classification: A Bag-Level Classifier is a Good Instance-Level Teacher","display_name":"Rethinking Multiple Instance Learning for Whole Slide Image Classification: A Bag-Level Classifier is a Good Instance-Level Teacher","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4398250457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3404549","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38781068"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2024.3404549","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3404549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078676052","display_name":"Hongyi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2336-1496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2336-1496","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027088988","display_name":"Luyang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7485-4151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luyang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7485-4151","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078800821","display_name":"Fang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4229-0531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802390878","display_name":"Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00ka6rp58","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057181928","display_name":"Ruofeng Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-5354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruofeng Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-5354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044216245","display_name":"Yen\u2010Wei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5952-0188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135768898","display_name":"Ritsumeikan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0197nmd03","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135768898","https://openalex.org/I4390039241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN","JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yen-Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","College of Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5952-0188","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135768898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057452864","display_name":"Hongjie Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-5860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802390878","display_name":"Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00ka6rp58","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongjie Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-5860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802390878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090814258","display_name":"Lanfen Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lanfen Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4098-588X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353596","display_name":"Hao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8400-3780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8400-3780","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6818,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94248003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"11","first_page":"3964","last_page":"3976"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9538999795913696,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9538999795913696,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.907800018787384,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7238714098930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6165670156478882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.612976610660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.5821978449821472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5755174160003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4066723585128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40645262598991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3014724850654602}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7238714098930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6165670156478882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.612976610660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5821978449821472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5755174160003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4066723585128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40645262598991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3014724850654602}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2024.3404549","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3404549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38781068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38781068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-138895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-138895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G393849449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202403","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7074549279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRP/034/22FX","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324196","funder_display_name":"Innovation and Technology Commission - Hong Kong"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324196","display_name":"Innovation and Technology Commission - Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/04vf9tr09"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2302302587","https://openalex.org/W2620982237","https://openalex.org/W2772723798","https://openalex.org/W2891254514","https://openalex.org/W2901946084","https://openalex.org/W2909778238","https://openalex.org/W2943370629","https://openalex.org/W2956228567","https://openalex.org/W3014453037","https://openalex.org/W3035160371","https://openalex.org/W3035161717","https://openalex.org/W3037083567","https://openalex.org/W3097664769","https://openalex.org/W3128158496","https://openalex.org/W3135547872","https://openalex.org/W3176719058","https://openalex.org/W3178324441","https://openalex.org/W4220993918","https://openalex.org/W4223893058","https://openalex.org/W4312468136","https://openalex.org/W4312765357","https://openalex.org/W4360834299","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385768167","https://openalex.org/W4386076671","https://openalex.org/W4387211783","https://openalex.org/W4390706891","https://openalex.org/W4390873559","https://openalex.org/W4391164031","https://openalex.org/W4402125280","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6683033130","https://openalex.org/W6745136726","https://openalex.org/W6747701563","https://openalex.org/W6803426362","https://openalex.org/W6846213925","https://openalex.org/W6850823003","https://openalex.org/W6853639594","https://openalex.org/W6859379722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W4205958290","https://openalex.org/W2005234362","https://openalex.org/W2162970382","https://openalex.org/W1997235926","https://openalex.org/W2291489469","https://openalex.org/W2546503577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple":[0,106],"Instance":[1,107],"Learning":[2,108],"(MIL)":[3],"has":[4],"demonstrated":[5,213],"promise":[6],"in":[7,70,152,185],"Whole":[8],"Slide":[9],"Image":[10],"(WSI)":[11],"classification.":[12],"However,":[13],"a":[14,34,38,44,57,66,71,89,94,119,156,176],"major":[15],"challenge":[16],"persists":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,78,110,128,139,155,179,189,203],"the":[20,74,112,115,125,130,136,141,161,182,186,191,205,219,231],"high":[21],"computational":[22],"cost":[23],"associated":[24],"with":[25],"processing":[26],"these":[27],"gigapixel":[28],"images.":[29],"Existing":[30],"methods":[31],"generally":[32],"adopt":[33],"two-stage":[35],"approach,":[36],"comprising":[37],"non-learnable":[39],"feature":[40,59],"embedding":[41],"stage":[42],"and":[43,114,168,230],"classifier":[45,91,117,138,159,188],"training":[46],"stage.":[47],"Though":[48],"it":[49],"can":[50,92,147,234],"greatly":[51],"reduce":[52],"memory":[53],"consumption":[54],"by":[55,134],"using":[56],"fixed":[58],"embedder":[60,113,127,146,171,193],"pre-trained":[61],"on":[62,99,199],"other":[63],"domains,":[64],"such":[65],"scheme":[67],"also":[68,174],"results":[69,211],"disparity":[72],"between":[73],"two":[75],"stages,":[76],"leading":[77,154],"suboptimal":[79],"classification":[80],"accuracy.":[81],"To":[82,164],"address":[83],"this":[84,100],"issue,":[85],"we":[86,102,173],"propose":[87],"that":[88,214],"bag-level":[90],"be":[93,235],"good":[95],"instance-level":[96,192],"teacher.":[97],"Based":[98],"idea,":[101],"design":[103],"Iteratively":[104],"Coupled":[105],"(ICMIL)":[109],"couple":[111],"bag":[116,131,137,187],"at":[118],"low":[120],"cost.":[121],"ICMIL":[122],"initially":[123],"fixes":[124],"patch":[126,142],"train":[129],"classifier,":[132],"followed":[133],"fixing":[135],"fine-tune":[140],"embedder.":[143],"The":[144,209,228],"refined":[145],"then":[148],"generate":[149],"better":[150],"representations":[151],"return,":[153],"more":[157,166,169],"accurate":[158],"for":[160],"next":[162],"iteration.":[163],"realize":[165],"flexible":[167],"effective":[170],"fine-tuning,":[172],"introduce":[175],"teacher-student":[177],"framework":[178],"efficiently":[180],"distill":[181],"category":[183],"knowledge":[184],"help":[190],"fine-tuning.":[194],"Intensive":[195],"experiments":[196],"were":[197],"conducted":[198],"four":[200],"distinct":[201],"datasets":[202,233],"validate":[204],"effectiveness":[206],"of":[207,221],"ICMIL.":[208],"experimental":[210],"consistently":[212],"our":[215],"method":[216],"significantly":[217],"improves":[218],"performance":[220],"existing":[222],"MIL":[223],"backbones,":[224],"achieving":[225],"state-of-the-art":[226],"results.":[227],"code":[229],"organized":[232],"accessed":[236],"by:":[237],"https://github.com/Dootmaan/ICMIL/tree/confidence-based.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-17T08:01:34.144755","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}