{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392114275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3368664","title":"Multi-Modal Modality-Masked Diffusion Network for Brain MRI Synthesis With Random Modality Missing","display_name":"Multi-Modal Modality-Masked Diffusion Network for Brain MRI Synthesis With Random Modality Missing","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392114275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3368664","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38393846"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2024.3368664","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3368664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103213444","display_name":"X Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8803-4818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangxi Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8803-4818","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002529091","display_name":"Kaicong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9999-2542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaicong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9999-2542","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042967567","display_name":"Jun Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1602-538X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","School of Statistics and Data Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Computing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Statistics and Data Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Computing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015970030","display_name":"Xuming He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2150-1237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuming He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2150-1237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000937401","display_name":"Dinggang Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7934-5698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135459","display_name":"United Imaging Healthcare (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03qqw3m37","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157781","display_name":"Shanghai Clinical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/057tkkm33","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157781"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dinggang Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7934-5698","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.5532,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98781646,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"7","first_page":"2587","last_page":"2598"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9623000025749207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.7429624199867249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.7417178750038147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7057545185089111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5625405311584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.55820631980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.46601277589797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.44682541489601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.369926393032074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2989286780357361}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.7429624199867249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.7417178750038147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7057545185089111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5625405311584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.55820631980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.46601277589797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.44682541489601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.369926393032074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2989286780357361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064847","descriptor_name":"Multimodal Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064847","descriptor_name":"Multimodal Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064847","descriptor_name":"Multimodal Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064847","descriptor_name":"Multimodal Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064847","descriptor_name":"Multimodal Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2024.3368664","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2024.3368664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38393846","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38393846","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1704816187","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62250710165","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2690246104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62131015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2771570491","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301318","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5799702300","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21010502600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6608483647","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82394430","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7163824119","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20295","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521781547","https://openalex.org/W1884191083","https://openalex.org/W2039240409","https://openalex.org/W2064076387","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2148726987","https://openalex.org/W2150410007","https://openalex.org/W2522924304","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2767044624","https://openalex.org/W2789713147","https://openalex.org/W2798365772","https://openalex.org/W2890761445","https://openalex.org/W2903356598","https://openalex.org/W2914057844","https://openalex.org/W2942489367","https://openalex.org/W2962932373","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963255313","https://openalex.org/W2963420272","https://openalex.org/W2963768110","https://openalex.org/W2966737464","https://openalex.org/W2978111064","https://openalex.org/W2979363595","https://openalex.org/W2979387929","https://openalex.org/W3022210053","https://openalex.org/W3028279406","https://openalex.org/W3034365816","https://openalex.org/W3034482833","https://openalex.org/W3035236663","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3081903004","https://openalex.org/W3102018640","https://openalex.org/W3102254936","https://openalex.org/W3108672867","https://openalex.org/W3110257065","https://openalex.org/W3117981784","https://openalex.org/W3132541979","https://openalex.org/W3153819643","https://openalex.org/W3164933060","https://openalex.org/W3174589446","https://openalex.org/W3192083819","https://openalex.org/W3203841574","https://openalex.org/W4205206084","https://openalex.org/W4225244145","https://openalex.org/W4225949807","https://openalex.org/W4226213470","https://openalex.org/W4382372079","https://openalex.org/W4387211424","https://openalex.org/W4396777688","https://openalex.org/W6679045638","https://openalex.org/W6765775151","https://openalex.org/W6778946027","https://openalex.org/W6779823529","https://openalex.org/W6786375611","https://openalex.org/W6793883596","https://openalex.org/W6805520492","https://openalex.org/W6811008979"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W73545470","https://openalex.org/W4224266612","https://openalex.org/W2383394264","https://openalex.org/W4320153225","https://openalex.org/W4293261942","https://openalex.org/W3125968744","https://openalex.org/W2167701463","https://openalex.org/W2110287964","https://openalex.org/W4307407935","https://openalex.org/W649759291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthesis":[0],"of":[1,61,95,100,157,177,201],"unavailable":[2],"imaging":[3],"modalities":[4,63,70,109,117,136],"from":[5,92],"available":[6,141],"ones":[7],"can":[8],"generate":[9],"modality-specific":[10],"complementary":[11],"information":[12],"and":[13,37,49,65,113,137,161,220,235],"enable":[14],"multi-modality":[15],"based":[16,31],"medical":[17,26],"images":[18],"diagnosis":[19],"or":[20],"treatment.":[21],"Existing":[22],"generative":[23],"methods":[24,41],"for":[25,133,139,148,191,204,218,239],"image":[27],"synthesis":[28,51,91,129,132,147,199,219],"are":[29,42],"usually":[30,43],"on":[32,212],"cross-modal":[33],"translation":[34],"between":[35],"acquired":[36],"missing":[38,47,62,108,135,150,206,241],"modalities.":[39,242],"These":[40],"dedicated":[44],"to":[45,173,195],"specific":[46],"modality":[48,180],"perform":[50],"in":[52,77,121,182],"one":[53],"shot,":[54],"which":[55,143,186],"cannot":[56],"deal":[57],"with":[58],"varying":[59],"number":[60],"flexibly":[64],"construct":[66],"the":[67,74,93,107,116,134,140,155,163,192,198,231],"mapping":[68],"across":[69],"effectively.":[71],"To":[72],"address":[73],"above":[75],"issues,":[76],"this":[78],"paper,":[79],"we":[80,168],"propose":[81],"a":[82,119,170,183],"unified":[83],"Multi-modal":[84],"Modality-masked":[85],"Diffusion":[86],"Network":[87],"(M2DN),":[88],"tackling":[89],"multi-modal":[90],"perspective":[94],"\"progressive":[96],"whole-modality":[97],"inpainting\",":[98],"instead":[99],"\"cross-modal":[101],"translation\".":[102],"Specifically,":[103],"our":[104,202,228],"M2DN":[105,203,229],"considers":[106],"as":[110,118,189],"random":[111],"noise":[112],"takes":[114],"all":[115],"unity":[120],"each":[122,178],"reverse":[123],"diffusion":[124,193],"step.":[125],"The":[126],"proposed":[127],"joint":[128],"scheme":[130,172],"performs":[131],"self-reconstruction":[138],"ones,":[142],"not":[144],"only":[145],"enables":[146],"arbitrary":[149,205,240],"scenarios,":[151],"but":[152],"also":[153],"facilitates":[154],"construction":[156],"common":[158],"latent":[159],"space":[160],"enhances":[162],"model":[164,194],"representation":[165],"ability.":[166],"Besides,":[167],"introduce":[169],"modality-mask":[171],"encode":[174],"availability":[175],"status":[176],"incoming":[179],"explicitly":[181],"binary":[184],"mask,":[185],"is":[187],"adopted":[188],"condition":[190],"further":[196],"enhance":[197],"performance":[200],"scenarios.":[207],"We":[208],"carry":[209],"out":[210],"experiments":[211],"two":[213],"public":[214],"brain":[215],"MRI":[216],"datasets":[217],"downstream":[221],"segmentation":[222],"tasks.":[223],"Experimental":[224],"results":[225],"demonstrate":[226],"that":[227],"outperforms":[230],"state-of-the-art":[232],"models":[233],"significantly":[234],"shows":[236],"great":[237],"generalizability":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}