{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3112383662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2020.3043495","title":"Modeling and Enhancing Low-Quality Retinal Fundus Images","display_name":"Modeling and Enhancing Low-Quality Retinal Fundus Images","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3112383662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2020.3043495","mag":"3112383662","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33296301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2020.3043495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2020.3043495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040995630","display_name":"Ziyi Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6867-1909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116052","display_name":"Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/02664zk40","country_code":"AE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ziyi Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010970485","display_name":"Huazhu Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9702-5524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116052","display_name":"Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/02664zk40","country_code":"AE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huazhu Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102851352","display_name":"Jianbing Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2656-3082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116052","display_name":"Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/02664zk40","country_code":"AE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbing Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082634513","display_name":"Ling Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8264-6117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116052","display_name":"Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/02664zk40","country_code":"AE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040995630"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116052"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.4794,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":193,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98605475,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"3","first_page":"996","last_page":"1006"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","score":0.875773549079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6363294720649719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6061062216758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.602649986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.5645535588264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.5411422252655029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5253704786300659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.430400550365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retina","display_name":"Retina","score":0.4100213050842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.29168713092803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.20801189541816711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.18436530232429504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.17738908529281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.05725926160812378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9612","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","level":2,"score":0.875773549079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6363294720649719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6061062216758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.602649986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.5645535588264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.5411422252655029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5253704786300659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.430400550365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.4100213050842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.29168713092803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.20801189541816711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18436530232429504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17738908529281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05725926160812378}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005654","descriptor_name":"Fundus Oculi","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005654","descriptor_name":"Fundus Oculi","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005654","descriptor_name":"Fundus Oculi","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012171","descriptor_name":"Retinal Vessels","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012171","descriptor_name":"Retinal Vessels","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012171","descriptor_name":"Retinal Vessels","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2020.3043495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2020.3043495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33296301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33296301","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565566802","https://openalex.org/W2001412060","https://openalex.org/W2011181254","https://openalex.org/W2011592399","https://openalex.org/W2016622085","https://openalex.org/W2019646504","https://openalex.org/W2037760632","https://openalex.org/W2054814429","https://openalex.org/W2055447163","https://openalex.org/W2065277358","https://openalex.org/W2066168964","https://openalex.org/W2100756624","https://openalex.org/W2128254161","https://openalex.org/W2129534965","https://openalex.org/W2134349833","https://openalex.org/W2138204001","https://openalex.org/W2149049515","https://openalex.org/W2150769593","https://openalex.org/W2160579797","https://openalex.org/W2172275395","https://openalex.org/W2254039850","https://openalex.org/W2396267364","https://openalex.org/W2468596194","https://openalex.org/W2523532944","https://openalex.org/W2566376500","https://openalex.org/W2611742580","https://openalex.org/W2756389006","https://openalex.org/W2766497195","https://openalex.org/W2766620038","https://openalex.org/W2777750897","https://openalex.org/W2782364420","https://openalex.org/W2804694216","https://openalex.org/W2886801379","https://openalex.org/W2893333553","https://openalex.org/W2895931095","https://openalex.org/W2921406441","https://openalex.org/W2935842779","https://openalex.org/W2962579127","https://openalex.org/W2962754725","https://openalex.org/W2963289467","https://openalex.org/W2963629411","https://openalex.org/W2963743395","https://openalex.org/W2963843230","https://openalex.org/W2969134192","https://openalex.org/W2979448322","https://openalex.org/W2979741709","https://openalex.org/W2980150032","https://openalex.org/W2982389402","https://openalex.org/W3007633369","https://openalex.org/W3087056194","https://openalex.org/W3093105640","https://openalex.org/W3100557831","https://openalex.org/W3101507774","https://openalex.org/W3101566148","https://openalex.org/W3103010481","https://openalex.org/W3105586025","https://openalex.org/W3122099796","https://openalex.org/W6679367408","https://openalex.org/W6755037456","https://openalex.org/W6781296069","https://openalex.org/W6783035924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2362796209","https://openalex.org/W2027168247","https://openalex.org/W2038488634","https://openalex.org/W2119498694","https://openalex.org/W1977334515","https://openalex.org/W2037746501","https://openalex.org/W2093210804","https://openalex.org/W1993625448","https://openalex.org/W2079032350","https://openalex.org/W2966407021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Retinal":[0],"fundus":[1,16,33,55,108,147,159],"images":[2,17,34,139,148],"are":[3],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"for":[6,128],"the":[7,43,50,60,79,102,158],"clinical":[8,38,129],"screening":[9],"and":[10,40,57,83,97,125,131,137,172],"diagnosis":[11],"of":[12,24,45,54,59,88],"eye":[13],"diseases.":[14],"However,":[15,47],"captured":[18],"by":[19],"operators":[20],"with":[21],"various":[22],"levels":[23],"experience":[25],"have":[26],"a":[27,85,105],"large":[28],"variation":[29],"in":[30,37],"quality.":[31],"Low-quality":[32],"increase":[35],"uncertainty":[36],"observation":[39,130],"lead":[41],"to":[42,49,70,114],"risk":[44],"misdiagnosis.":[46],"due":[48],"special":[51],"optical":[52],"beam":[53],"imaging":[56,81],"structure":[58],"retina,":[61],"natural":[62],"image":[63,95,165],"enhancement":[64,109],"methods":[65],"cannot":[66],"be":[67],"utilized":[68],"directly":[69],"address":[71],"this.":[72],"In":[73],"this":[74],"article,":[75],"we":[76,154],"first":[77],"analyze":[78],"ophthalmoscope":[80],"system":[82],"simulate":[84],"reliable":[86],"degradation":[87,103,117],"major":[89],"inferior-quality":[90],"factors,":[91,118],"including":[92],"uneven":[93],"illumination,":[94],"blurring,":[96],"artifacts.":[98],"Then,":[99],"based":[100],"on":[101,134],"model,":[104],"clinically":[106],"oriented":[107],"network":[110],"(cofe-Net)":[111],"is":[112],"proposed":[113],"suppress":[115],"global":[116],"while":[119],"simultaneously":[120],"preserving":[121],"anatomical":[122],"retinal":[123,151,169],"structures":[124],"pathological":[126],"characteristics":[127],"analysis.":[132],"Experiments":[133],"both":[135],"synthetic":[136],"real":[138],"demonstrate":[140],"that":[141,157],"our":[142],"algorithm":[143],"effectively":[144],"corrects":[145],"low-quality":[146],"without":[149],"losing":[150],"details.":[152],"Moreover,":[153],"also":[155],"show":[156],"correction":[160],"method":[161],"can":[162],"benefit":[163],"medical":[164],"analysis":[166],"applications,":[167],"e.g.,":[168],"vessel":[170],"segmentation":[171],"optic":[173],"disc/cup":[174],"detection.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-06T07:47:59.780226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}