{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2989729883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2020.3025467","title":"Improving Blood Vessel Tortuosity Measurements via Highly Sampled Numerical Integration of the Frenet-Serret Equations","display_name":"Improving Blood Vessel Tortuosity Measurements via Highly Sampled Numerical Integration of the Frenet-Serret Equations","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2989729883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2020.3025467","mag":"2989729883","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32956050"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2020.3025467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2020.3025467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.12316","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Alexander B. Brummer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8776-0939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103922791","display_name":"QB3","ror":"https://ror.org/04n1n3n22","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103922791","https://openalex.org/I180670191","https://openalex.org/I185103710","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander B. Brummer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8776-0939","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103922791","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David Hunt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-874X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Hunt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-874X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Van Savage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3639-3718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103922791","display_name":"QB3","ror":"https://ror.org/04n1n3n22","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103922791","https://openalex.org/I180670191","https://openalex.org/I185103710","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Van Savage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3639-3718","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103922791","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7697,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73472129,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"1","first_page":"297","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10924","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention","score":0.4025000035762787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10924","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention","score":0.4025000035762787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.18960000574588776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.15790000557899475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tortuosity","display_name":"Tortuosity","score":0.9695000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oversampling","display_name":"Oversampling","score":0.4936000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-vessel","display_name":"Blood vessel","score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.33230000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-vessel","display_name":"Coronary vessel","score":0.3059999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185250623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2301683","display_name":"Tortuosity","level":3,"score":0.9695000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197323446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331222","display_name":"Oversampling","level":3,"score":0.4936000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777663904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q988343","display_name":"Blood vessel","level":2,"score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.373199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.33230000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994477613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q497232","display_name":"Coronary vessel","level":3,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48753275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11216","display_name":"Numerical analysis","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.2565999925136566}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002339","descriptor_name":"Carotid Arteries","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002339","descriptor_name":"Carotid Arteries","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002339","descriptor_name":"Carotid Arteries","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2020.3025467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2020.3025467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32956050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32956050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1911.12316","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.12316","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.12316","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1911.12316","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.12316","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.12316","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3725142323","display_name":"CAREER:   Automated extraction of vessel data from images to construct new models for vascular networks in plants and animals","funder_award_id":"1254159","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1194616640","https://openalex.org/W1587136368","https://openalex.org/W1606467544","https://openalex.org/W1824023688","https://openalex.org/W1967879382","https://openalex.org/W1981403363","https://openalex.org/W1986333115","https://openalex.org/W1990420052","https://openalex.org/W2001480669","https://openalex.org/W2001660213","https://openalex.org/W2004909834","https://openalex.org/W2006039944","https://openalex.org/W2006188435","https://openalex.org/W2008150751","https://openalex.org/W2015502833","https://openalex.org/W2017013327","https://openalex.org/W2019633776","https://openalex.org/W2020918494","https://openalex.org/W2035514833","https://openalex.org/W2038148250","https://openalex.org/W2039161648","https://openalex.org/W2042494736","https://openalex.org/W2049191461","https://openalex.org/W2063003778","https://openalex.org/W2065083610","https://openalex.org/W2073587703","https://openalex.org/W2076709683","https://openalex.org/W2103913084","https://openalex.org/W2106142717","https://openalex.org/W2109507324","https://openalex.org/W2110918734","https://openalex.org/W2122040893","https://openalex.org/W2127890285","https://openalex.org/W2134756983","https://openalex.org/W2140441019","https://openalex.org/W2142157705","https://openalex.org/W2142302381","https://openalex.org/W2144610339","https://openalex.org/W2148084763","https://openalex.org/W2150248624","https://openalex.org/W2156591439","https://openalex.org/W2165168736","https://openalex.org/W2171613320","https://openalex.org/W2328613078","https://openalex.org/W2336255528","https://openalex.org/W2345716184","https://openalex.org/W2510326684","https://openalex.org/W2559670191","https://openalex.org/W2563437364","https://openalex.org/W2777339059","https://openalex.org/W2895880339","https://openalex.org/W2921434986","https://openalex.org/W4244063180","https://openalex.org/W6769368890","https://openalex.org/W6948505326"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Measures":[0],"of":[1,14,19,63,77,122,150],"vascular":[2,15,165],"tortuosity-how":[3],"curved":[4],"and":[5,25,30,39,49,54,95,111,126,129,152,163,167,172],"twisted":[6],"a":[7,12,60,97,116],"vessel":[8,20,65,85,103,145],"is-are":[9],"associated":[10,108],"with":[11,109,147],"variety":[13],"diseases.":[16],"Consequently,":[17],"measurements":[18,41,51,125],"tortuosity":[21,66,88,133],"that":[22,67],"are":[23,32,42],"accurate":[24],"comparable":[26],"across":[27,55],"modality,":[28],"resolution,":[29],"size":[31],"greatly":[33],"needed.":[34],"Yet":[35],"in":[36,119],"practice,":[37],"precise":[38],"consistent":[40],"problematic-mismeasurements,":[43],"inability":[44],"to":[45,93,142],"calculate,":[46],"or":[47],"contradictory":[48],"inconsistent":[50],"occur":[52],"within":[53],"studies.":[56],"Here,":[57],"we":[58,90],"present":[59],"new":[61],"method":[62,72,138],"measuring":[64],"ensures":[68],"improved":[69],"accuracy.":[70],"Our":[71,113],"relies":[73],"on":[74,102],"numerical":[75],"integration":[76],"the":[78,83,168],"Frenet-Serret":[79],"equations.":[80],"By":[81],"reconstructing":[82],"three-dimensional":[84],"coordinates":[86],"from":[87,155],"measurements,":[89],"explain":[91],"how":[92],"identify":[94],"use":[96],"minimally-sufficient":[98],"sampling":[99],"rate":[100],"based":[101],"radius":[104],"while":[105],"avoiding":[106],"errors":[107],"oversampling":[110],"overfitting.":[112],"work":[114],"identifies":[115],"key":[117],"failing":[118],"current":[120],"practices":[121],"filtering":[123],"asymptotic":[124],"highlights":[127],"inconsistencies":[128],"redundancies":[130],"between":[131],"existing":[132],"metrics.":[134],"We":[135],"demonstrate":[136],"our":[137],"by":[139],"applying":[140],"it":[141],"manually":[143],"constructed":[144],"phantoms":[146],"known":[148],"measures":[149],"tortuousity,":[151],"9,000":[153],"vessels":[154],"medical":[156],"image":[157],"data":[158],"spanning":[159],"human":[160],"cerebral,":[161],"coronary,":[162],"pulmonary":[164],"trees,":[166],"carotid,":[169],"abdominal,":[170],"renal,":[171],"iliac":[173],"arteries.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T08:00:12.763002","created_date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00"}