{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2967222692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2934933","title":"SPULTRA: Low-Dose CT Image Reconstruction With Joint Statistical and Learned Image Models","display_name":"SPULTRA: Low-Dose CT Image Reconstruction With Joint Statistical and Learned Image Models","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2967222692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2934933","mag":"2967222692","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31425021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2934933","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2934933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.08791","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Siqi Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2295-3123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siqi Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2295-3123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Saiprasad Ravishankar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5792-5827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saiprasad Ravishankar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5792-5827","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yong Long","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-0662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-0662","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jeffrey A. Fessler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9998-3315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey A. Fessler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9998-3315","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88185211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"3","first_page":"729","last_page":"741"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.925000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.925000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.019500000402331352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.013100000098347664,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.7365000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5238000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.47519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-equation","display_name":"Quadratic equation","score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-coding","display_name":"Neural coding","score":0.45559999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4277999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.38029998540878296}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.7365000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6177999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5763000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5238000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129844170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41299","display_name":"Quadratic equation","level":2,"score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77637269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7002051","display_name":"Neural coding","level":2,"score":0.45559999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4277999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36390000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.3564000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81845259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290117","display_name":"Quadratic programming","level":2,"score":0.34360000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9936470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510405","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","level":3,"score":0.30880001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779898584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7820109","display_name":"Reconstruction algorithm","level":3,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89106044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45284","display_name":"Likelihood function","level":3,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983524802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41299","display_name":"Quadratic model","level":3,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.2630999982357025}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011829","descriptor_name":"Radiation Dosage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011829","descriptor_name":"Radiation Dosage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011829","descriptor_name":"Radiation Dosage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016012","descriptor_name":"Poisson Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016012","descriptor_name":"Poisson Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016012","descriptor_name":"Poisson Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016013","descriptor_name":"Likelihood Functions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016013","descriptor_name":"Likelihood Functions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016013","descriptor_name":"Likelihood Functions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2934933","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2934933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31425021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31425021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1808.08791","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.08791","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.08791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7170173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7170173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1808.08791","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.08791","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.08791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2289761694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61501292","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3231553379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01 EB018753","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6044231235","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-15-1-2141","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8165670084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015-05174-05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G932903589","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-11-1-0391","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1644004607","https://openalex.org/W1974218973","https://openalex.org/W1995758426","https://openalex.org/W1999320095","https://openalex.org/W2003624223","https://openalex.org/W2037511378","https://openalex.org/W2048417186","https://openalex.org/W2049641710","https://openalex.org/W2049856752","https://openalex.org/W2053958583","https://openalex.org/W2054218460","https://openalex.org/W2058956138","https://openalex.org/W2075157914","https://openalex.org/W2089221057","https://openalex.org/W2090457307","https://openalex.org/W2090475827","https://openalex.org/W2094366314","https://openalex.org/W2096243498","https://openalex.org/W2098092211","https://openalex.org/W2114286204","https://openalex.org/W2118916039","https://openalex.org/W2122345610","https://openalex.org/W2131720521","https://openalex.org/W2141039087","https://openalex.org/W2149300224","https://openalex.org/W2149400409","https://openalex.org/W2152142562","https://openalex.org/W2154741779","https://openalex.org/W2157099732","https://openalex.org/W2157812230","https://openalex.org/W2165399609","https://openalex.org/W2169010307","https://openalex.org/W2189938900","https://openalex.org/W2225145765","https://openalex.org/W2319126251","https://openalex.org/W2349282589","https://openalex.org/W2508323711","https://openalex.org/W2511941590","https://openalex.org/W2512266304","https://openalex.org/W2552453838","https://openalex.org/W2567331605","https://openalex.org/W2578922756","https://openalex.org/W2603901191","https://openalex.org/W2738743584","https://openalex.org/W2754956769","https://openalex.org/W2773688131","https://openalex.org/W2793419304","https://openalex.org/W2795777276","https://openalex.org/W2911459672","https://openalex.org/W2921683756","https://openalex.org/W2952026614","https://openalex.org/W4249513058","https://openalex.org/W4296142362","https://openalex.org/W6729710357","https://openalex.org/W6746661813"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low-dose":[0],"CT":[1],"image":[2,155],"reconstruction":[3,15,39,156],"has":[4,128,135],"been":[5],"a":[6,50,71,75,113,121,129,136],"popular":[7],"research":[8],"topic":[9],"in":[10,44,90,161],"recent":[11,144],"years.":[12],"A":[13],"typical":[14],"method":[16],"based":[17,54],"on":[18],"post-log":[19,34,149],"measurements":[20,62],"is":[21,41],"called":[22],"penalized":[23],"weighted-least":[24],"squares":[25],"(PWLS).":[26],"Due":[27],"to":[28],"the":[29,33,37,59,66,82,88,91,105,118],"underlying":[30],"limitations":[31],"of":[32,77],"statistical":[35],"model,":[36],"PWLS":[38],"quality":[40,157],"often":[42],"degraded":[43],"low-dose":[45,162],"scans.":[46,163],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"investigates":[49],"shifted-Poisson":[51],"(SP)":[52],"model":[53],"likelihood":[55],"function":[56],"that":[57,63,127,147],"uses":[58,100,148],"pre-log":[60],"raw":[61],"better":[64,154],"represents":[65],"measurement":[67],"statistics,":[68],"together":[69],"with":[70],"data-driven":[72],"regularizer":[73,89],"exploiting":[74],"Union":[76],"Learned":[78],"TRAnsforms":[79],"(SPULTRA).":[80],"Both":[81],"SP":[83,106],"induced":[84,107],"data-fidelity":[85,108],"term":[86],"and":[87,120,124,151],"proposed":[92,97],"framework":[93],"are":[94],"nonconvex.":[95],"The":[96,132],"SPULTRA":[98,133],"algorithm":[99,134],"quadratic":[101,114],"surrogate":[102],"functions":[103],"for":[104,116],"term.":[109],"Each":[110],"iteration":[111,141],"involves":[112],"subproblem":[115,126],"updating":[117],"image,":[119],"sparse":[122],"coding":[123],"clustering":[125],"closed-form":[130],"solution.":[131],"similar":[137],"computational":[138],"cost":[139],"per":[140],"as":[142],"its":[143],"counterpart":[145],"PWLS-ULTRA":[146],"measurements,":[150],"it":[152],"provides":[153],"than":[158],"PWLS-ULTRA,":[159],"especially":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2019-08-22T00:00:00"}
