{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963091230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586","title":"Constrained Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging by Learning Nonlinear Low-Dimensional Models","display_name":"Constrained Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging by Learning Nonlinear Low-Dimensional Models","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963091230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586","mag":"2963091230","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31352337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/42/9023440/08770102.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/42/9023440/08770102.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085245155","display_name":"Fan Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-0663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fan Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, Urbana, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, Urbana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023982435","display_name":"Yahang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6206-8228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yahang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, Urbana, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, Urbana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101622048","display_name":"Xi Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1898-9964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, Urbana, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, Urbana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085245155"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.968,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95536247,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"3","first_page":"545","last_page":"555"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.6588180661201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6234285831451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.5854921340942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.553961992263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.5480029582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49737051129341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4902553856372833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4519559442996979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-spectroscopic-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging","score":0.43949103355407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","score":0.43570783734321594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41560399532318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.317962110042572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.26109975576400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23149460554122925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.6588180661201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6234285831451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.5854921340942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.553961992263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5480029582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49737051129341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4902553856372833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4519559442996979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96781048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6731601","display_name":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging","level":3,"score":0.43949103355407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151876577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049464","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","level":3,"score":0.43570783734321594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41560399532318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.317962110042572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.26109975576400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23149460554122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009682","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009682","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009682","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017711","descriptor_name":"Nonlinear Dynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017711","descriptor_name":"Nonlinear Dynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017711","descriptor_name":"Nonlinear Dynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/42/9023440/08770102.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31352337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31352337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/42/9023440/08770102.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963091230.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963091230.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1452996403","https://openalex.org/W1504848127","https://openalex.org/W1516725721","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1526952383","https://openalex.org/W1554643662","https://openalex.org/W1590593972","https://openalex.org/W1823549342","https://openalex.org/W1853964860","https://openalex.org/W1879119587","https://openalex.org/W1967277558","https://openalex.org/W1978673304","https://openalex.org/W1981051147","https://openalex.org/W2020961426","https://openalex.org/W2024971034","https://openalex.org/W2032647857","https://openalex.org/W2051434435","https://openalex.org/W2057915334","https://openalex.org/W2058453951","https://openalex.org/W2065030431","https://openalex.org/W2080522760","https://openalex.org/W2081130241","https://openalex.org/W2085091329","https://openalex.org/W2092946690","https://openalex.org/W2094597486","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2109163609","https://openalex.org/W2117684699","https://openalex.org/W2118930821","https://openalex.org/W2121905812","https://openalex.org/W2123421115","https://openalex.org/W2125569633","https://openalex.org/W2135458133","https://openalex.org/W2142808775","https://openalex.org/W2145094598","https://openalex.org/W2157549219","https://openalex.org/W2157703273","https://openalex.org/W2158388157","https://openalex.org/W2163922914","https://openalex.org/W2171090291","https://openalex.org/W2172174689","https://openalex.org/W2218705109","https://openalex.org/W2396119261","https://openalex.org/W2524635875","https://openalex.org/W2556611310","https://openalex.org/W2594014149","https://openalex.org/W2726168645","https://openalex.org/W2747736576","https://openalex.org/W2750618916","https://openalex.org/W2754956769","https://openalex.org/W2773850766","https://openalex.org/W2800950215","https://openalex.org/W2809492714","https://openalex.org/W2903883880","https://openalex.org/W2912052020","https://openalex.org/W2921982517","https://openalex.org/W2949483514","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2997574889","https://openalex.org/W3100730608","https://openalex.org/W3101477546","https://openalex.org/W4246406957","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6678628999","https://openalex.org/W6681096077","https://openalex.org/W6684753728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296209631","https://openalex.org/W2561617217","https://openalex.org/W117517268","https://openalex.org/W4294811468","https://openalex.org/W2148415967","https://openalex.org/W122603882","https://openalex.org/W2010679820","https://openalex.org/W1505873999","https://openalex.org/W2166963679","https://openalex.org/W2056704125"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Magnetic":[0],"resonance":[1],"spectroscopic":[2,54,82],"imaging":[3,9,32],"(MRSI)":[4],"is":[5,88],"a":[6,22,46,58,70],"powerful":[7],"molecular":[8],"modality":[10],"but":[11],"has":[12,34],"very":[13],"limited":[14],"speed,":[15],"resolution,":[16],"and":[17,51,96,130,144],"SNR":[18],"tradeoffs.":[19,42],"Construction":[20],"of":[21,30,62,140,147],"low-dimensional":[23,60,77],"model":[24,50,95,100,143],"to":[25,49,74,90,107,118,135],"effectively":[26,91],"reduce":[27],"the":[28,31,53,63,76,80,93,105,120,126,137,141,145,148,156],"dimensionality":[29],"problem":[33,123],"recently":[35],"shown":[36],"great":[37],"promise":[38],"in":[39,151],"improving":[40],"these":[41],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"presents":[45],"new":[47],"approach":[48],"reconstruct":[52],"signals":[55,83],"by":[56],"learning":[57],"nonlinear":[59],"representation":[61,138],"general":[64],"MR":[65],"spectra.":[66],"Specifically,":[67],"we":[68],"trained":[69,127],"deep":[71],"neural":[72],"network":[73],"capture":[75],"manifold,":[78],"where":[79],"high-dimensional":[81],"reside.":[84],"A":[85],"regularization":[86],"formulation":[87,150],"proposed":[89,149],"integrate":[92],"learned":[94,142],"physics-based":[97],"data":[98],"acquisition":[99],"for":[101],"MRSI":[102,158],"reconstruction":[103,154],"with":[104],"capability":[106],"incorporate":[108],"additional":[109],"spatiospectral":[110],"constraints.":[111],"An":[112],"efficient":[113],"numerical":[114],"algorithm":[115],"was":[116],"developed":[117],"solve":[119],"associated":[121],"optimization":[122],"involving":[124],"back-propagating":[125],"network.":[128],"Simulation":[129],"experimental":[131],"results":[132],"were":[133],"obtained":[134],"demonstrate":[136],"power":[139],"ability":[146],"producing":[152],"SNR-enhancing":[153],"from":[155],"practical":[157],"data.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-04T09:10:02.777135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
