{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955499001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2926437","title":"Kinetic Modeling of Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Pyruvate Metabolism in the Human Brain","display_name":"Kinetic Modeling of Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Pyruvate Metabolism in the Human Brain","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955499001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2926437","mag":"2955499001","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31283497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2926437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2926437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6939147","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030811526","display_name":"Daniele Mammoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2696-4778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Mammoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048416186","display_name":"Jeremy W. Gordon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-4886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Gordon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053437075","display_name":"Adam Autry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7062-4965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Autry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035862378","display_name":"Peder E. Z. Larson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-3634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peder E. Z. Larson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058075739","display_name":"Yan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2145-2869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033383368","display_name":"Hsin\u2010Yu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2765-1685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsin-Yu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005262861","display_name":"Brian Chung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103412683","display_name":"Peter Shin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054407961","display_name":"Mark Van Criekinge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Van Criekinge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113801881","display_name":"Lucas Carvajal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Carvajal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112452420","display_name":"James B. Slater","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James B. Slater","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047945584","display_name":"Robert Bok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-9056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Bok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009379594","display_name":"Jason C. Crane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1145-5639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Crane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030100878","display_name":"Duan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-4235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111908438","display_name":"Susan M. Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157890","display_name":"Neurological Surgery","ror":"https://ror.org/04r0gp612","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157890"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157890"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033011683","display_name":"Daniel B. Vigneron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-8699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157890","display_name":"Neurological Surgery","ror":"https://ror.org/04r0gp612","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157890"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel B. Vigneron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157890"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":16,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030811526"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.097,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92322264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"320","last_page":"327"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11809","display_name":"Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11809","display_name":"Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11878","display_name":"Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5613427758216858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49056071043014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4211890995502472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3508254885673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.33907920122146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-magnetic-resonance","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","score":0.3344712257385254}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5613427758216858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49056071043014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4211890995502472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3508254885673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.33907920122146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.3344712257385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002247","descriptor_name":"Carbon Isotopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002247","descriptor_name":"Carbon Isotopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002247","descriptor_name":"Carbon Isotopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002247","descriptor_name":"Carbon Isotopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002247","descriptor_name":"Carbon Isotopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002247","descriptor_name":"Carbon Isotopes","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017352","descriptor_name":"Echo-Planar Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017352","descriptor_name":"Echo-Planar Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017352","descriptor_name":"Echo-Planar Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019289","descriptor_name":"Pyruvic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019289","descriptor_name":"Pyruvic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019289","descriptor_name":"Pyruvic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019289","descriptor_name":"Pyruvic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019289","descriptor_name":"Pyruvic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019289","descriptor_name":"Pyruvic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019344","descriptor_name":"Lactic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019344","descriptor_name":"Lactic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019344","descriptor_name":"Lactic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019344","descriptor_name":"Lactic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019344","descriptor_name":"Lactic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019344","descriptor_name":"Lactic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2926437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2926437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31283497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31283497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:ark:/13030/qt568403d0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt568403d0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/568403d0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol 39, iss 2","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6939147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6939147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6939147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6939147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512224180","https://openalex.org/W1516045743","https://openalex.org/W1847285566","https://openalex.org/W1848848384","https://openalex.org/W1913576856","https://openalex.org/W1966092661","https://openalex.org/W1968874936","https://openalex.org/W1975107578","https://openalex.org/W1975822731","https://openalex.org/W1983217073","https://openalex.org/W1986007087","https://openalex.org/W1999974830","https://openalex.org/W2004311009","https://openalex.org/W2008316025","https://openalex.org/W2016927879","https://openalex.org/W2024480069","https://openalex.org/W2026049928","https://openalex.org/W2034211857","https://openalex.org/W2047806914","https://openalex.org/W2053334137","https://openalex.org/W2059900570","https://openalex.org/W2070480592","https://openalex.org/W2072080136","https://openalex.org/W2072451938","https://openalex.org/W2089112088","https://openalex.org/W2091723288","https://openalex.org/W2095374082","https://openalex.org/W2114104729","https://openalex.org/W2116981594","https://openalex.org/W2119549937","https://openalex.org/W2120693447","https://openalex.org/W2126125436","https://openalex.org/W2132653007","https://openalex.org/W2142136953","https://openalex.org/W2144176808","https://openalex.org/W2145679344","https://openalex.org/W2149467898","https://openalex.org/W2151354228","https://openalex.org/W2155501296","https://openalex.org/W2158578547","https://openalex.org/W2223405195","https://openalex.org/W2287251096","https://openalex.org/W2291624524","https://openalex.org/W2323434934","https://openalex.org/W2332791248","https://openalex.org/W2339956621","https://openalex.org/W2399460133","https://openalex.org/W2520679741","https://openalex.org/W2555492354","https://openalex.org/W2697686171","https://openalex.org/W2739560120","https://openalex.org/W2766869714","https://openalex.org/W2783916060","https://openalex.org/W2787535123","https://openalex.org/W2792019657","https://openalex.org/W2792589393","https://openalex.org/W2804495644","https://openalex.org/W2805738766","https://openalex.org/W2892266580","https://openalex.org/W2899146703","https://openalex.org/W2910792831"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2298861036","https://openalex.org/W3148032049"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Kinetic":[0],"modeling":[1],"of":[2,22,35,53,62],"the":[3,33,103,125,129],"in":[4,50],"vivo":[5],"pyruvate-to-lactate":[6],"conversion":[7,63],"is":[8],"crucial":[9],"to":[10,24,37,58,64,80,84,151],"investigating":[11],"aberrant":[12],"cancer":[13],"metabolism":[14],"that":[15,120,135],"demonstrates":[16],"Warburg":[17],"effect":[18],"modifications.":[19],"Non-invasive":[20],"detection":[21],"alterations":[23],"metabolic":[25],"flux":[26],"might":[27],"offer":[28],"prognostic":[29],"value":[30],"and":[31,69,87,97,110,146],"improve":[32],"monitoring":[34],"response":[36],"treatment.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"clinical":[41],"research":[42],"project,":[43],"hyperpolarized":[44],"[1-<sup>13</sup>C]":[45],"pyruvate":[46],"was":[47,79,95,132],"intravenously":[48],"injected":[49],"a":[51],"total":[52],"10":[54],"brain":[55],"tumor":[56],"patients":[57],"measure":[59],"its":[60],"rate":[61],"lactate":[65],"(":[66,71],"k<sub>PL</sub>":[67,86],")":[68,73],"bicarbonate":[70],"k<sub>PB</sub>":[72,88],"via":[74],"echo-planar":[75],"imaging.":[76],"Our":[77],"aim":[78],"investigate":[81],"new":[82],"methods":[83],"provide":[85],"maps":[89],"with":[90,128],"whole-brain":[91],"coverage.":[92],"The":[93,116],"approach":[94],"data-driven":[96],"addressed":[98],"two":[99],"main":[100],"issues:":[101],"selecting":[102,136],"optimal":[104],"model":[105,123],"for":[106],"fitting":[107],"our":[108],"data":[109],"determining":[111],"an":[112,121],"appropriate":[113],"goodness-of-fit":[114],"metric.":[115],"statistical":[117],"analysis":[118],"suggested":[119],"input-less":[122],"had":[124],"best":[126],"agreement":[127],"data.":[130],"It":[131],"also":[133],"found":[134],"voxels":[137],"based":[138],"on":[139],"post-fitting":[140],"error":[141],"criteria":[142],"provided":[143],"improved":[144],"precision":[145],"wider":[147],"spatial":[148],"coverage":[149],"compared":[150],"using":[152],"signal-to-noise":[153],"cutoffs":[154],"alone.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}