{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2475697472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2016.2593948","title":"Directional Kernel Density Estimation for Classification of Breast Tissue Spectra","display_name":"Directional Kernel Density Estimation for Classification of Breast Tissue Spectra","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2475697472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2016.2593948","mag":"2475697472","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27479956"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2016.2593948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2016.2593948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082514126","display_name":"Arturo Pardo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3362-3485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arturo Pardo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Engineering Group, Universidad de Cantabria, Cantabria, Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Engineering Group, Universidad de Cantabria, Cantabria, Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064377295","display_name":"Eusebio Real","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3174-1269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eusebio Real","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Engineering Group, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Engineering Group, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113685480","display_name":"Venkat Raghavan Krishnaswamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9951-3740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venkat Krishnaswamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085018989","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel L\u00f3pez Higuera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8615-8487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Miguel Lopez-Higuera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Engineering Group, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Engineering Group, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089497655","display_name":"Brian W. Pogue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9887-670X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian W. Pogue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049317321","display_name":"Olga M. Conde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-3051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olga M. Conde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Engineering Group, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Engineering Group, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082514126"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4247,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91802435,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"64","last_page":"73"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12994","display_name":"Infrared Thermography in Medicine","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.592514157295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-density-estimation","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","score":0.5645057559013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5430597066879272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-density","display_name":"Breast density","score":0.5427331328392029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5424803495407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-tissue","display_name":"Breast tissue","score":0.533297061920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4412570297718048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3448951542377472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammography","display_name":"Mammography","score":0.33956557512283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3102126121520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.28456398844718933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.25486379861831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.22608906030654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.11450332403182983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.592514157295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71134354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458825","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","level":3,"score":0.5645057559013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5430597066879272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018951153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17011492","display_name":"Breast density","level":5,"score":0.5427331328392029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5424803495407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020109028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9103","display_name":"Breast tissue","level":4,"score":0.533297061920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4412570297718048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3448951542377472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.33956557512283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3102126121520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.28456398844718933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25486379861831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.22608906030654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.11450332403182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009364","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Recurrence, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009364","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Recurrence, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009364","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Recurrence, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2016.2593948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2016.2593948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:27479956","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27479956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/13430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10902/13430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400398","display_name":"UCrea (University of Cantabria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 2017, 36(1), 64-73","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2812515940","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FIS2010-19860","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335204","funder_display_name":"Secretar\u00eda de Estado de Investigaci\u00f3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6386969249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TEC 2013-47264-C2-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335160","funder_display_name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y T\u00e9cnica"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7354365020","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DTS15/00238","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334923","funder_display_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334923","display_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","ror":"https://ror.org/00ca2c886"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335160","display_name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y T\u00e9cnica","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335204","display_name":"Secretar\u00eda de Estado de Investigaci\u00f3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58415148","https://openalex.org/W1555156243","https://openalex.org/W1568372407","https://openalex.org/W1984103681","https://openalex.org/W1995969119","https://openalex.org/W1998319082","https://openalex.org/W1999085280","https://openalex.org/W2016090370","https://openalex.org/W2050423727","https://openalex.org/W2071350591","https://openalex.org/W2112060459","https://openalex.org/W2113667317","https://openalex.org/W2120554880","https://openalex.org/W2141620354","https://openalex.org/W2337297617","https://openalex.org/W2413694730","https://openalex.org/W2475684916","https://openalex.org/W4240121553","https://openalex.org/W6633075605"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991255418","https://openalex.org/W2320814173","https://openalex.org/W2138691429","https://openalex.org/W2997597260","https://openalex.org/W2121126942","https://openalex.org/W2344745381","https://openalex.org/W183642269","https://openalex.org/W96589957","https://openalex.org/W2727051654","https://openalex.org/W4402978774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"Breast":[1],"Conserving":[2],"Therapy,":[3],"surgeons":[4],"measure":[5],"the":[6,36,91,118,124,158],"thickness":[7],"of":[8,27,38,42,90,102,120],"healthy":[9],"tissue":[10,130],"surrounding":[11],"an":[12],"excised":[13],"tumor":[14,62,92],"(surgical":[15],"margin)":[16],"via":[17],"post-operative":[18],"histological":[19,153],"or":[20,55],"visual":[21],"assessment":[22],"tests":[23],"that,":[24],"for":[25,53,61],"lack":[26],"enough":[28,135],"standardization":[29],"and":[30,68,77,142],"reliability,":[31],"have":[32],"recurrence":[33],"rates":[34],"in":[35,123,138],"order":[37],"33%.":[39],"Spectroscopic":[40],"interrogation":[41],"these":[43],"margins":[44],"is":[45,114,134],"possible":[46],"during":[47],"surgery,":[48],"but":[49],"algorithms":[50],"are":[51,106],"needed":[52],"parametric":[54],"dimension":[56],"reduction":[57,67],"processing.":[58],"One":[59],"methodology":[60],"discrimination":[63],"based":[64],"on":[65,79],"dimensionality":[66],"nonparametric":[69],"estimation-in":[70],"particular,":[71],"Directional":[72,112],"Kernel":[73],"Density":[74],"Estimation-is":[75],"proposed":[76],"tested":[78],"spectral":[80],"image":[81,89,125],"data":[82],"from":[83],"breast":[84],"samples.":[85],"Once":[86],"a":[87,96],"hyperspectral":[88],"has":[93],"been":[94],"captured,":[95],"surgeon":[97],"assists":[98],"by":[99,152],"establishing":[100],"Regions":[101],"Interest":[103],"where":[104],"tissues":[105],"qualitatively":[107],"differentiable.":[108],"After":[109],"proper":[110],"normalization,":[111],"KDE":[113],"used":[115],"to":[116,127,136],"estimate":[117],"likelihood":[119],"every":[121],"pixel":[122],"belonging":[126],"each":[128],"specified":[129],"class.":[131],"This":[132],"information":[133],"yield,":[137],"almost":[139],"real":[140],"time":[141],"with":[143,149],"98%":[144],"accuracy,":[145],"results":[146],"that":[147],"coincide":[148],"those":[150],"provided":[151],"H&E":[154],"validation":[155],"performed":[156],"after":[157],"surgery.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-24T08:23:43.765630","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}