{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013326484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2015.2418031","title":"Localized Energy-Based Normalization of Medical Images: Application to Chest Radiography","display_name":"Localized Energy-Based Normalization of Medical Images: Application to Chest Radiography","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013326484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2015.2418031","mag":"2013326484","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25838517"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2015.2418031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2015.2418031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2066/153295","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068587330","display_name":"Rick H. H. M. Philipsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8259-9197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802934949","display_name":"Radboud University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. H. H. M. Philipsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033275278","display_name":"Pragnya Maduskar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802934949","display_name":"Radboud University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Maduskar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079414179","display_name":"Laurens Hogeweg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6874-5728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802934949","display_name":"Radboud University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Hogeweg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055888762","display_name":"Jaime Melendez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-9536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802934949","display_name":"Radboud University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Melendez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081715147","display_name":"Clara I. S\u00e1\u200enchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9787-8319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802934949","display_name":"Radboud University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. I. Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042982766","display_name":"Bram van Ginneken","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2028-8972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802934949","display_name":"Radboud University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. van Ginneken","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, HB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Image Analysis Group, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427","https://openalex.org/I2802934949"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5149,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92083799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"9","first_page":"1965","last_page":"1975"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.8757787942886353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6293506622314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jaccard-index","display_name":"Jaccard index","score":0.6108344197273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5699246525764465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5164573192596436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4943807125091553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4877634644508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-operating-characteristic","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","score":0.4604225158691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.41270652413368225}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.8757787942886353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6293506622314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203519979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865360","display_name":"Jaccard index","level":3,"score":0.6108344197273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5699246525764465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5164573192596436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4943807125091553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4877634644508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.4604225158691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.41270652413368225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013902","descriptor_name":"Radiography, Thoracic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013902","descriptor_name":"Radiography, Thoracic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013902","descriptor_name":"Radiography, Thoracic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2015.2418031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2015.2418031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25838517","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25838517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:ru:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/153295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2066/153295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 34, 1965 - 75","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:ru:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/153295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2066/153295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 34, 1965 - 75","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership","ror":"https://ror.org/031jv9v19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19081111","https://openalex.org/W39768281","https://openalex.org/W115935013","https://openalex.org/W123101483","https://openalex.org/W178933556","https://openalex.org/W1510828012","https://openalex.org/W1519470666","https://openalex.org/W1589172999","https://openalex.org/W1602966110","https://openalex.org/W1963537383","https://openalex.org/W1982852576","https://openalex.org/W1988938467","https://openalex.org/W1992052462","https://openalex.org/W1994062553","https://openalex.org/W1999859636","https://openalex.org/W2005541571","https://openalex.org/W2010382953","https://openalex.org/W2020629001","https://openalex.org/W2024798729","https://openalex.org/W2029382114","https://openalex.org/W2048685342","https://openalex.org/W2050995869","https://openalex.org/W2054241121","https://openalex.org/W2059862641","https://openalex.org/W2071983335","https://openalex.org/W2080105297","https://openalex.org/W2086393337","https://openalex.org/W2092660105","https://openalex.org/W2093370152","https://openalex.org/W2095747883","https://openalex.org/W2102158413","https://openalex.org/W2103504761","https://openalex.org/W2106145073","https://openalex.org/W2116064956","https://openalex.org/W2119903037","https://openalex.org/W2120621413","https://openalex.org/W2131195589","https://openalex.org/W2131336424","https://openalex.org/W2132162500","https://openalex.org/W2132984323","https://openalex.org/W2137865578","https://openalex.org/W2139257281","https://openalex.org/W2141453390","https://openalex.org/W2142514727","https://openalex.org/W2143873118","https://openalex.org/W2150040483","https://openalex.org/W2153810084","https://openalex.org/W2154158661","https://openalex.org/W2154581799","https://openalex.org/W2157233332","https://openalex.org/W2157597800","https://openalex.org/W2159037096","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2164568500","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2166538457","https://openalex.org/W2294880335","https://openalex.org/W2311654837","https://openalex.org/W2435748213","https://openalex.org/W3217577904","https://openalex.org/W4232097126","https://openalex.org/W4245256608","https://openalex.org/W4245953110","https://openalex.org/W6600789599","https://openalex.org/W6601604625","https://openalex.org/W6604669769","https://openalex.org/W6630533936","https://openalex.org/W6663045384","https://openalex.org/W6681583683","https://openalex.org/W6682797385","https://openalex.org/W7074176695"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254879869","https://openalex.org/W3022576529","https://openalex.org/W2628526247","https://openalex.org/W2596401011","https://openalex.org/W2913569734","https://openalex.org/W3127229356","https://openalex.org/W2000801317","https://openalex.org/W2294604808","https://openalex.org/W2702570413","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"quantitative":[1],"analysis":[2,25,127],"systems":[3,237],"for":[4,48,152],"medical":[5,41],"images":[6,14,21,42],"often":[7],"lack":[8],"the":[9,60,77,96,136,142,167,198,205,216,225],"capability":[10],"to":[11,23,30,39,72,95,125,130,156,186,219,241],"successfully":[12,229],"process":[13],"from":[15,102,148,211,243],"multiple":[16],"sources.":[17,245],"Normalization":[18],"of":[19,59,87,166,177,193],"such":[20],"prior":[22],"further":[24],"is":[26,70,79,92,116],"a":[27,36,73],"possible":[28],"solution":[29],"this":[31,88,183],"limitation.":[32],"This":[33],"work":[34],"presents":[35],"general":[37],"method":[38,53,115],"normalize":[40],"and":[43,76,84,110,128,150,179,213,234],"thoroughly":[44],"investigates":[45],"its":[46],"effectiveness":[47],"chest":[49,232],"radiography":[50,233],"(CXR).":[51],"The":[52,90,114,159,169,188,201],"starts":[54],"with":[55,157,181,220],"an":[56,173],"energy":[57,69],"decomposition":[58],"image":[61,78],"in":[62,118,197,231],"different":[63,103,244],"bands.":[64],"Next,":[65],"each":[66,105],"band's":[67],"localized":[68],"scaled":[71],"reference":[74,132,154,170,217],"value":[75],"reconstructed.":[80],"We":[81,222],"investigate":[82],"iterative":[83],"local":[85],"application":[86],"technique.":[89],"normalization":[91,133,182,226],"applied":[93,230],"iteratively":[94],"lung":[97,140,199],"fields":[98],"on":[99],"six":[100],"datasets":[101],"sources,":[104],"comprising":[106],"50":[107,111],"normal":[108],"CXRs":[109],"abnormal":[112],"CXRs.":[113],"evaluated":[117],"three":[119],"supervised":[120,236],"computer-aided":[121],"detection":[122,192],"tasks":[123],"related":[124,195],"CXR":[126],"compared":[129],"two":[131],"methods.":[134],"In":[135],"first":[137],"task,":[138],"automatic":[139],"segmentation,":[141],"average":[143,174,202],"Jaccard":[144,175],"overlap":[145],"significantly":[146,184,210],"increased":[147,185,209],"0.72\u00b10.30":[149],"0.87\u00b10.11":[151],"both":[153],"methods":[155,171,218],"normalization.":[158,221],"second":[160],"experiment":[161,190],"was":[162,191],"aimed":[163],"at":[164],"segmentation":[165],"clavicles.":[168],"had":[172],"index":[176],"0.57\u00b10.26":[178],"0.53\u00b10.26;":[180],".":[187],"third":[189],"tuberculosis":[194],"abnormalities":[196],"fields.":[200],"area":[203],"under":[204],"Receiver":[206],"Operating":[207],"Curve":[208],"0.72\u00b10.14":[212],"0.79\u00b10.06":[214],"using":[215],"conclude":[223],"that":[224],"can":[227],"be":[228],"makes":[235],"more":[238],"generally":[239],"applicable":[240],"data":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
