{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124984765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2011.2172215","title":"Robust Statistical Fusion of Image Labels","display_name":"Robust Statistical Fusion of Image Labels","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124984765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2011.2172215","mag":"2124984765","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22010145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2011.2172215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2011.2172215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3262958","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075735203","display_name":"Bennett A. Landman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5733-2127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. A. Landman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. bennett.landman@vanderbilt.edu","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. bennett.landman@vanderbilt.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012797975","display_name":"Andrew J. Asman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. J. Asman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041290010","display_name":"Andrew G. Scoggins","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. G. Scoggins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046132243","display_name":"John Bogovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-9457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Bogovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","[Dept. of Electr. & Computer Eng., Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. & Computer Eng., Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007259734","display_name":"Fangxu Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-0952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangxu Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","[Dept. of Electr. & Computer Eng., Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. & Computer Eng., Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066682675","display_name":"Jerry L. Prince","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6553-0876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. L. Prince","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","[Dept. of Electr. & Computer Eng., Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. & Computer Eng., Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075735203"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8634,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94741832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2","first_page":"512","last_page":"522"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9718000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7689502835273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6324231624603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5407848358154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5212031602859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.45636409521102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.456330269575119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.4446549713611603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4401778280735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.43851280212402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.427750825881958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38199037313461304}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7689502835273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6324231624603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5407848358154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5212031602859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.45636409521102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.456330269575119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.4446549713611603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4401778280735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43851280212402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.427750825881958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38199037313461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004282","descriptor_name":"Documentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004282","descriptor_name":"Documentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004282","descriptor_name":"Documentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004282","descriptor_name":"Documentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011873","descriptor_name":"Radiology Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011873","descriptor_name":"Radiology Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011873","descriptor_name":"Radiology Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011873","descriptor_name":"Radiology Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2011.2172215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2011.2172215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22010145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22010145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.702.1925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.702.1925","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://iacl.ece.jhu.edu//proceedings/iacl/2012/LanxTMI12-Robust_Statistical_Fusion.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3262958","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3262958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3262958","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3262958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113453631","https://openalex.org/W1593298603","https://openalex.org/W1773005811","https://openalex.org/W1807815129","https://openalex.org/W1963801017","https://openalex.org/W1975111110","https://openalex.org/W1987869189","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W1989555449","https://openalex.org/W1996680020","https://openalex.org/W2000278813","https://openalex.org/W2004293194","https://openalex.org/W2018662705","https://openalex.org/W2021910887","https://openalex.org/W2040779404","https://openalex.org/W2066839705","https://openalex.org/W2069308677","https://openalex.org/W2085120857","https://openalex.org/W2093717447","https://openalex.org/W2101022607","https://openalex.org/W2101211008","https://openalex.org/W2102595307","https://openalex.org/W2118212378","https://openalex.org/W2118559567","https://openalex.org/W2123402141","https://openalex.org/W2128806031","https://openalex.org/W2140526699","https://openalex.org/W2142456468","https://openalex.org/W2148347694","https://openalex.org/W2163595993","https://openalex.org/W2475235683","https://openalex.org/W3004732066","https://openalex.org/W3034905139","https://openalex.org/W6604543488","https://openalex.org/W6779634229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068648124","https://openalex.org/W2550156452","https://openalex.org/W4206076898","https://openalex.org/W2250140425","https://openalex.org/W2734587838","https://openalex.org/W3011228735","https://openalex.org/W2091018730","https://openalex.org/W2389064843","https://openalex.org/W2078736197","https://openalex.org/W2098669189"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"labeling":[1,31,249],"and":[2,20,42,51,82,102,161,197,216,231,255],"parcellation":[3],"(i.e.,":[4],"assigning":[5],"structure":[6],"to":[7,49,77,96,131,148,180,240],"a":[8,93,150,169,177,213,226],"collection":[9],"of":[10,18,29,54,68,86,166,212,245,261],"voxels)":[11],"are":[12,38,47],"critical":[13],"tasks":[14,250],"for":[15,121,189,193,248],"the":[16,52,55,84,162,243,257],"assessment":[17],"volumetric":[19],"morphometric":[21],"features":[22],"in":[23,168,242],"medical":[24],"imaging":[25],"data.":[26,201],"The":[27,234],"process":[28],"image":[30],"is":[32,154],"inherently":[33],"error":[34],"prone":[35],"as":[36],"images":[37],"corrupted":[39],"by":[40,115],"noise":[41],"artifacts.":[43],"Even":[44],"expert":[45],"interpretations":[46],"subject":[48],"subjectivity":[50],"precision":[53],"individual":[56],"raters.":[57],"Hence,":[58],"all":[59],"labels":[60],"must":[61],"be":[62,132,220],"considered":[63],"imperfect":[64],"with":[65,118,123,126,135,184],"some":[66],"degree":[67,85],"inherent":[69],"variability.":[70],"One":[71],"may":[72],"seek":[73],"multiple":[74,100],"independent":[75],"assessments":[76],"both":[78,158],"reduce":[79],"this":[80,203],"variability":[81],"quantify":[83],"uncertainty.":[87,233],"Existing":[88],"techniques":[89],"have":[90,144],"exploited":[91],"maximum":[92],"posteriori":[94],"statistics":[95],"combine":[97],"data":[98],"from":[99],"raters":[101,167,206],"simultaneously":[103,224],"estimate":[104],"rater":[105,147,217,262],"reliabilities.":[106],"Although":[107],"quite":[108],"successful,":[109],"wide-scale":[110],"application":[111],"has":[112],"been":[113],"hampered":[114],"unstable":[116],"estimation":[117,182],"practical":[119],"datasets,":[120],"example,":[122],"label":[124,195,208,229],"sets":[125],"small":[127,185],"or":[128,134,137,171],"thin":[129],"objects":[130],"labeled":[133],"partial":[136],"limited":[138],"datasets.":[139],"As":[140],"well,":[141],"these":[142],"approaches":[143],"required":[145],"each":[146],"generate":[149],"complete":[151],"dataset,":[152,215],"which":[153],"often":[155],"impossible":[156],"given":[157],"human":[159,252],"foibles":[160],"typical":[163],"turnover":[164],"rate":[165],"research":[170],"clinical":[172],"environment.":[173],"Herein,":[174],"we":[175],"propose":[176],"robust":[178],"approach":[179,236],"improve":[181],"performance":[183],"anatomical":[186],"structures,":[187],"allow":[188],"missing":[190],"data,":[191],"account":[192],"repeated":[194],"sets,":[196],"utilize":[198],"training/catch":[199],"trial":[200],"With":[202],"approach,":[204],"numerous":[205],"can":[207,219],"small,":[209],"overlapping":[210],"portions":[211],"large":[214,246],"heterogeneity":[218],"robustly":[221],"controlled":[222],"while":[223],"estimating":[225],"single,":[227],"reliable":[228],"set":[230],"characterizing":[232],"proposed":[235],"enables":[237],"many":[238],"individuals":[239],"collaborate":[241],"construction":[244],"datasets":[247],"(e.g.,":[251],"parallel":[253],"processing)":[254],"reduces":[256],"otherwise":[258],"detrimental":[259],"impact":[260],"unavailability.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}