{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127831489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2010.2094200","title":"Graph Run-Length Matrices for Histopathological Image Segmentation","display_name":"Graph Run-Length Matrices for Histopathological Image Segmentation","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127831489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2010.2094200","mag":"2127831489","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21097378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2010.2094200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2010.2094200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023620272","display_name":"Akif Burak Tosun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","display_name":"Bilkent University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vh8a032","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akif Burak Tosun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara TR-06800, Turkey. tosun@cs.bilkent.edu.tr","Department of Computer Engineering Bilkent University  Ankara Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara TR-06800, Turkey. tosun@cs.bilkent.edu.tr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering Bilkent University  Ankara Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043106100","display_name":"\u00c7i\u011fdem G\u00fcnd\u00fcz-Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0724-1942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","display_name":"Bilkent University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vh8a032","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cigdem Gunduz-Demir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey","Department of Computer Engineering Bilkent University  Ankara Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering Bilkent University  Ankara Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.6425,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":95,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98040826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"3","first_page":"721","last_page":"732"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7460920214653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.6872012615203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6694933176040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.65669846534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-space-segmentation","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","score":0.618959903717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5674806833267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5405721664428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation-based-object-categorization","display_name":"Segmentation-based object categorization","score":0.5232321619987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-texture","display_name":"Image texture","score":0.5228829383850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5212193727493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.48140692710876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cut","display_name":"Cut","score":0.41895735263824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.08882498741149902}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7460920214653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6872012615203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6694933176040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.65669846534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.618959903717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5674806833267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5405721664428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25694479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7446278","display_name":"Segmentation-based object categorization","level":5,"score":0.5232321619987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63099799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17147001","display_name":"Image texture","level":4,"score":0.5228829383850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5212193727493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.48140692710876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5134670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1626444","display_name":"Cut","level":4,"score":0.41895735263824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.08882498741149902}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003106","descriptor_name":"Colon","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003106","descriptor_name":"Colon","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003106","descriptor_name":"Colon","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015179","descriptor_name":"Colorectal Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015179","descriptor_name":"Colorectal Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015179","descriptor_name":"Colorectal Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2010.2094200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2010.2094200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21097378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21097378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.bilkent.edu.tr:11693/12023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11693/12023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400079","display_name":"Bilkent University Institutional Repository (Bilkent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","host_organization_name":"Bilkent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.bilkent.edu.tr:11693/22001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11693/22001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400079","display_name":"Bilkent University Institutional Repository (Bilkent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","host_organization_name":"Bilkent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9kkr77"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536690700","https://openalex.org/W1965631193","https://openalex.org/W1966566478","https://openalex.org/W1970805760","https://openalex.org/W1988189270","https://openalex.org/W1990478471","https://openalex.org/W1993269503","https://openalex.org/W1999478155","https://openalex.org/W2003304826","https://openalex.org/W2033973976","https://openalex.org/W2053210904","https://openalex.org/W2057343036","https://openalex.org/W2058792133","https://openalex.org/W2064369665","https://openalex.org/W2077747248","https://openalex.org/W2080743883","https://openalex.org/W2084185625","https://openalex.org/W2093363711","https://openalex.org/W2100470273","https://openalex.org/W2104019579","https://openalex.org/W2104645598","https://openalex.org/W2109407305","https://openalex.org/W2111991188","https://openalex.org/W2121490093","https://openalex.org/W2121947440","https://openalex.org/W2124155137","https://openalex.org/W2125683338","https://openalex.org/W2126043693","https://openalex.org/W2128252595","https://openalex.org/W2132048066","https://openalex.org/W2132205660","https://openalex.org/W2133132416","https://openalex.org/W2134647348","https://openalex.org/W2134993189","https://openalex.org/W2139635760","https://openalex.org/W2139754658","https://openalex.org/W2144590980","https://openalex.org/W2146532890","https://openalex.org/W2150430828","https://openalex.org/W2154020982","https://openalex.org/W2154433695","https://openalex.org/W2166277517","https://openalex.org/W2169517070","https://openalex.org/W2751318774","https://openalex.org/W3142502645","https://openalex.org/W3159164887"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2204605857","https://openalex.org/W2069318476","https://openalex.org/W3017192027","https://openalex.org/W2170380303","https://openalex.org/W2093085045","https://openalex.org/W3196005494","https://openalex.org/W1996489018","https://openalex.org/W2131637713","https://openalex.org/W1538326369","https://openalex.org/W2386159816"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"histopathological":[1,69,194],"examination":[2,15],"of":[3,22,32,68,78,91,117,120,129,140,144,174],"tissue":[4,70,80,93,150],"specimens":[5],"is":[6,16,39,190],"essential":[7],"for":[8,47,65,108],"cancer":[9],"diagnosis":[10],"and":[11,62,99],"grading.":[12],"However,":[13,124],"this":[14,36,56,85,101],"subject":[17],"to":[18,42,103,135,165],"a":[19,97,133,137,171],"considerable":[20],"amount":[21],"observer":[23],"variability":[24],"as":[25],"it":[26,38,87,125],"mainly":[27],"relies":[28],"on":[29,132],"visual":[30],"interpretation":[31],"pathologists.":[33],"To":[34],"alleviate":[35],"problem,":[37],"very":[40],"important":[41],"develop":[43],"computational":[44],"quantitative":[45],"tools,":[46],"which":[48],"image":[49,109,195],"segmentation":[50,67,167,181],"constitutes":[51],"the":[52,66,75,79,118,127,142,156,183,187],"core":[53],"step.":[54],"In":[55],"paper,":[57],"we":[58],"introduce":[59],"an":[60],"effective":[61,192],"robust":[63],"algorithm":[64,73,189],"images.":[71],"This":[72,111],"incorporates":[74],"background":[76],"knowledge":[77],"organization":[81],"into":[82],"segmentation.":[83,110,196],"For":[84],"purpose,":[86],"quantifies":[88],"spatial":[89],"relations":[90],"cytological":[92,130],"components":[94,131],"by":[95],"constructing":[96],"graph":[98,102,134],"uses":[100],"define":[104],"new":[105,112],"texture":[106,113,157],"features":[107,158],"definition":[114],"makes":[115],"use":[116],"idea":[119],"gray-level":[121],"run-length":[122,162],"matrices.":[123],"considers":[126],"runs":[128,143],"form":[136],"matrix,":[138],"instead":[139],"considering":[141],"pixel":[145],"intensities.":[146],"Working":[147],"with":[148,178],"colon":[149],"images,":[151],"our":[152],"experiments":[153],"demonstrate":[154],"that":[155,186],"extracted":[159],"from":[160],"\"graph":[161],"matrices\"":[163],"lead":[164],"high":[166],"accuracies,":[168],"also":[169],"providing":[170],"reasonable":[172],"number":[173],"segmented":[175],"regions.":[176],"Compared":[177],"four":[179],"other":[180],"algorithms,":[182],"results":[184],"show":[185],"proposed":[188],"more":[191],"in":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}