{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140073972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3676512","title":"Graph Neural Networks for Diffusion and Aggregation in Wireless Federated Learning","display_name":"Graph Neural Networks for Diffusion and Aggregation in Wireless Federated Learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140073972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3676512"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2026.3676512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3676512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055515869","display_name":"Yunli Ji","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunli Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3184-1747","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130324936","display_name":"Jie Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4035-8520","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130356982","display_name":"Hongyang Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyang Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["the University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-6525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"the University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130363572","display_name":"Jiawen Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawen Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-3490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125469852","display_name":"Haijun Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology Beijing"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0236-6482","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130352515","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033999591","display_name":"Shiwen Mao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiwen Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Auburn University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7052-0007","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Auburn University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25144872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"9","first_page":"13982","last_page":"13999"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.5428000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.5428000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.325300008058548,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.01080000028014183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4936999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4512999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4404999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.3353999853134155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8909000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4936999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4512999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4404999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4345000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.3353999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.3122999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51675839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665681","display_name":"Intelligent Network","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2026.3676512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3676512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/220438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/220438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3891855132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFC3304605","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7640210490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RT5/23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320766","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"User":[0],"devices":[1],"(UDs)":[2],"with":[3,40,80,118,214,258],"non-independent":[4],"and":[5,56,70,98,176,222],"identically":[6],"distributed":[7],"(non-IID)":[8],"data":[9],"will":[10],"worsen":[11],"accuracy":[12],"performance":[13,69],"of":[14,25,37,78,124,179,229],"the":[15,23,35,62,67,75,84,116,129,134,163,167,172,180,227,234,242,253],"global":[16,76,243],"model":[17,71,77,230,244],"in":[18,28,44,166,211,218,226],"federated":[19,38,49,194],"learning":[20,30,39,50],"(FL).":[21],"Therefore,":[22],"implementation":[24],"diffusion":[26,68,99,195,256],"strategies":[27],"machine":[29],"(ML)":[31],"models":[32,157],"can":[33],"enhance":[34],"effectiveness":[36],"non-IID":[41,81,259],"data.":[42],"However,":[43],"a":[45,91,103,215],"device-to-device":[46],"(D2D)":[47],"wireless":[48,54,58,219],"(WFL)":[51],"system,":[52],"limited":[53],"resources":[55,220],"severe":[57],"channel":[59],"interference":[60],"become":[61],"important":[63],"bottleneck":[64],"to":[65,161,183,233],"restrict":[66],"aggregation":[72,97],"so":[73],"as":[74],"WFL":[79],"suffers":[82],"from":[83],"weight":[85],"divergence":[86],"challenge.":[87],"Thus,":[88],"we":[89,126,142,188],"propose":[90],"novel":[92],"joint":[93],"over-the-air":[94],"computation":[95],"(OAC)":[96],"framework":[100],"by":[101],"using":[102],"graph":[104,164,173],"neural":[105,121,148],"network":[106,122,149,199],"(GNN)":[107],"for":[108,193],"WFL,":[109],"termed":[110],"an":[111,144],"OAC-GNN-Dif":[112,135],"framework.":[113,136],"By":[114],"integrating":[115],"OAC":[117,145],"message":[119,146],"passing":[120],"(MPNN)":[123],"GNN,":[125],"further":[127,138],"develop":[128],"OAC-MPNN-Dif":[130],"algorithm":[131],"based":[132,170],"on":[133,171],"To":[137],"reduce":[139,184],"communication":[140,185,212,255],"costs,":[141],"designed":[143],"recurrent":[147],"(OAC-MPRNN-Dif)":[150],"algorithm,":[151],"where":[152],"each":[153],"UD":[154],"propagates":[155],"local":[156],"via":[158],"D2D":[159,198],"communications":[160],"refresh":[162],"embedding":[165],"current":[168],"frame":[169,182],"feature":[174],"extraction":[175],"localization":[177],"state":[178],"previous":[181],"costs.":[186],"Additionally,":[187],"introduce":[189],"dynamic":[190],"time-varying":[191],"MPNN":[192],"within":[196],"evolving":[197],"topologies.":[200],"The":[201],"experimental":[202],"results":[203],"indicate":[204],"that":[205],"our":[206,238],"approach":[207,239],"significantly":[208],"performs":[209],"well":[210],"overhead,":[213],"30%-60%":[216],"decreasing":[217,225],"overhead":[221],"1.2-3.5":[223],"times":[224],"number":[228],"transfers":[231],"compared":[232],"FedDif":[235],"methods.":[236],"Moreover,":[237],"also":[240],"improves":[241],"test":[245],"accuracy,":[246],"which":[247],"is":[248],"about":[249],"2.7%":[250],"higher":[251],"than":[252],"existing":[254],"FL":[257],"characteristics.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2026-03-24T00:00:00"}