{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7136387236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3674520","title":"Toward Scalable Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Using Commercial RFIDs","display_name":"Toward Scalable Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Using Commercial RFIDs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7136387236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3674520"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2026.3674520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3674520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063584237","display_name":"Jingyu Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-9824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyu Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Telecom Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-9824","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Telecom Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129631053","display_name":"Xiaopeng Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaopeng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Theory Lab, Huawei"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-2707","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Theory Lab, Huawei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060171178","display_name":"Z. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3426-6349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhicheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3426-6349","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037092641","display_name":"Donghui Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8245-3852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghui Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8245-3852","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129617561","display_name":"Zheng Gong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-8297","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001581332","display_name":"Zhenlin An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-773X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenlin An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong SAR"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-773X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong SAR","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079600167","display_name":"Lu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-0181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9651-0811","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22837001,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"8","first_page":"12797","last_page":"12813"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.1965000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.1965000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.15880000591278076,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":0.09120000153779984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.2547000050544739}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7487000226974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2026.3674520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3674520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6770116686820984}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1237093838","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025ZD1302700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1716769442","display_name":"MagCode: NFC-Enabled Optical Barcodes for NFC-Disabled Smartphones","funder_award_id":"ITS/034/23FP","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326427","funder_display_name":"Innovation and Technology Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3944216734","display_name":"Crowdsourced Neural Radio-Frequency Radiation Fields for Network Cognition: Industrial Applications in Mobile IoT","funder_award_id":"GHP/079/22SZ","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326427","funder_display_name":"Innovation and Technology Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326427","display_name":"Innovation and Technology Fund","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998032073","https://openalex.org/W2002640258","https://openalex.org/W2102159398","https://openalex.org/W2287252941","https://openalex.org/W2761238645","https://openalex.org/W2825030700","https://openalex.org/W2915138967","https://openalex.org/W2950302183","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3108253735","https://openalex.org/W3109585842","https://openalex.org/W3136656704","https://openalex.org/W3190730062","https://openalex.org/W3208370553","https://openalex.org/W4221151978","https://openalex.org/W4283031991","https://openalex.org/W4285102276","https://openalex.org/W4312471131","https://openalex.org/W4322506523","https://openalex.org/W4366850683","https://openalex.org/W4376167392","https://openalex.org/W4379539472","https://openalex.org/W4383704266","https://openalex.org/W4383754182","https://openalex.org/W4384499749","https://openalex.org/W4385318467","https://openalex.org/W4386075586","https://openalex.org/W4387212563","https://openalex.org/W4387212653","https://openalex.org/W4388188943","https://openalex.org/W4391769953","https://openalex.org/W4393028566","https://openalex.org/W4395685900","https://openalex.org/W4403018094","https://openalex.org/W4411358686","https://openalex.org/W7084098673"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"Intelligent":[1],"Surfaces":[2],"(RISs)":[3],"have":[4],"emerged":[5],"as":[6,21],"cost-effective":[7],"technologies":[8],"for":[9,71,154],"improving":[10],"wireless":[11],"signal":[12,147,171],"transmission.":[13],"Conventional":[14],"RIS":[15,46,187],"designs,":[16],"however,":[17],"face":[18],"challenges":[19],"such":[20],"bulkiness,":[22],"high":[23],"production":[24],"costs,":[25],"limited":[26],"scalability,":[27],"and":[28,62,100,119,150],"complex":[29],"installation":[30],"due":[31],"to":[32,109,156],"their":[33],"reliance":[34],"on":[35],"wired":[36],"connections.":[37],"In":[38],"this":[39],"work,":[40],"we":[41,123],"introduce":[42],"MetaMosaic,":[43,138],"a":[44,104,128,174,190],"novel":[45],"platform":[47],"that":[48,167],"repurposes":[49],"920":[50,82],"MHz":[51],"RFID":[52,94],"tags":[53,95],"into":[54,96],"battery-free":[55],"unit":[56,98],"cells,":[57],"enabling":[58],"an":[59,143],"affordable,":[60],"scalable,":[61],"flexible":[63],"one-bit":[64],"phase-modulated":[65],"RIS.":[66],"The":[67],"system":[68,126],"is":[69],"engineered":[70],"compatibility":[72],"with":[73,127,135,173],"2.4":[74],"GHz":[75],"Wi-Fi":[76],"communications":[77],"while":[78],"being":[79],"controlled":[80],"at":[81],"MHz.":[83],"Our":[84],"design":[85],"incorporates":[86],"two":[87],"central":[88],"innovations:":[89],"the":[90,101,125,136,139],"transformation":[91],"of":[92,103,177],"commercial":[93],"functional":[97],"cells":[99],"development":[102],"tailored":[105],"neural":[106],"radiance":[107],"field":[108],"guide":[110],"efficient":[111],"reconfiguration.":[112],"To":[113],"further":[114],"enhance":[115],"global":[116],"search":[117],"capability":[118],"support":[120],"multi-hotspot":[121],"alignment,":[122],"extend":[124],"genetic":[129],"algorithm":[130],"(GA)-based":[131],"optimization":[132],"strategy.":[133],"Compared":[134],"vanilla":[137],"GA-based":[140],"MetaMosaic":[141,168],"achieves":[142],"additional":[144],"3.1":[145],"dB":[146,179],"strength":[148],"improvement":[149],"enables":[151],"simultaneous":[152],"enhancement":[153],"up":[155],"five":[157],"target":[158],"points.":[159],"Extensive":[160],"testing":[161],"across":[162],"ten":[163],"diverse":[164],"environments":[165],"demonstrates":[166],"consistently":[169],"boosts":[170],"strength,":[172],"mean":[175],"gain":[176],"19":[178],"over":[180],"non-RIS":[181],"setups.":[182],"This":[183],"outperforms":[184],"current":[185],"leading":[186],"systems":[188],"by":[189],"3-fold":[191],"improvement.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2026-03-17T00:00:00"}