{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7135022811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3673205","title":"UniFlow: A Foundation Model for Unified Urban Spatio-Temporal Flow Prediction","display_name":"UniFlow: A Foundation Model for Unified Urban Spatio-Temporal Flow Prediction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7135022811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3673205"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2026.3673205","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3673205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuan Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-2588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-2588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jingtao Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-6263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingtao Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-6263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114048970","display_name":"Congcong Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chonghua Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040428803","display_name":"Zhi Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0029-8666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006782889","display_name":"D. W. Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Depeng Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-5514","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128827091","display_name":"Yong Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5617-1659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.8766,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98451431,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"8","first_page":"13034","last_page":"13046"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.8285999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.8285999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.03680000081658363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.011300000362098217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundation","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-models","display_name":"Numerical models","score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-model","display_name":"Mathematical model","score":0.2759999930858612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.670199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986605239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Numerical models","level":3,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76969082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486902","display_name":"Mathematical model","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.24539999663829803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2401999980211258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.23479999601840973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.23319999873638153}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2026.3673205","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3673205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8279212117195129,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5055030421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62476152","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"spatio-temporal":[1,77,93,105,131],"flow":[2,62],"prediction,":[3,155],"encompassing":[4],"traffic":[5,18],"flows":[6],"and":[7,16,19,48,68,89,100,111,151,168,173],"crowd":[8],"flows,":[9],"is":[10],"crucial":[11],"for":[12,59],"optimizing":[13],"city":[14],"infrastructure":[15],"managing":[17],"emergency":[20],"responses.":[21],"Traditional":[22],"approaches":[23],"have":[24,176],"relied":[25],"on":[26,179],"separate":[27],"models":[28,147],"tailored":[29],"to":[30,80,96,128],"either":[31],"grid-based":[32,67,150],"data,":[33,41],"representing":[34],"cities":[35,43],"as":[36,44],"uniform":[37],"cells,":[38],"or":[39],"graph-based":[40,152],"modeling":[42],"networks":[45],"of":[46],"nodes":[47],"edges.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51],"paper,":[52],"we":[53,115],"build":[54],"UniFlow,":[55],"a":[56,75,85,92],"foundational":[57],"model":[58],"general":[60],"urban":[61],"prediction":[63],"that":[64,143],"unifies":[65],"both":[66,149],"graph":[69],"based":[70],"data.":[71],"We":[72],"first":[73],"design":[74],"multi-view":[76],"patching":[78],"mechanism":[79],"standardize":[81],"different":[82,108],"data":[83,109,162],"into":[84],"consistent":[86],"sequential":[87],"format":[88],"then":[90],"introduce":[91],"transformer":[94],"architecture":[95],"capture":[97],"complex":[98],"correlations":[99],"dynamics.":[101],"To":[102],"leverage":[103],"shared":[104,130],"patterns":[106],"across":[107],"types":[110],"facilitate":[112],"effective":[113],"cross-learning,":[114],"propose":[116],"Spatio":[117],"Temporal":[118],"Memory":[119],"Retrieval":[120],"Augmentation":[121],"(ST-MRA).":[122],"By":[123],"creating":[124],"structured":[125],"memory":[126,138],"modules":[127],"store":[129],"patterns,":[132],"ST-MRA":[133],"enhances":[134],"predictions":[135],"through":[136],"adaptive":[137],"retrieval.":[139],"Extensive":[140],"experiments":[141],"demonstrate":[142],"UniFlow":[144],"outperforms":[145],"existing":[146],"in":[148,158],"f":[153],"low":[154],"excelling":[156],"particularly":[157],"scenarios":[159],"with":[160],"limited":[161],"availability,":[163],"showcasing":[164],"its":[165],"superior":[166],"performance":[167],"broad":[169],"applicability.":[170],"The":[171],"datasets":[172],"code":[174],"implementation":[175],"been":[177],"released":[178],"https://github.com/YuanYuan98/UniFlow.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-07T06:14:10.401900","created_date":"2026-03-13T00:00:00"}