{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7129456893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3665729","title":"Task Offloading and Resource Optimization Based on Dependency-Aware Graph and Collaborative Deep Reinforcement Learning in Mobile Edge Computing","display_name":"Task Offloading and Resource Optimization Based on Dependency-Aware Graph and Collaborative Deep Reinforcement Learning in Mobile Edge Computing","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7129456893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3665729"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2026.3665729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3665729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126207933","display_name":"Xiangyi Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5549-5336","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126192862","display_name":"Yuanguo Bi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanguo Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-8542","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126269460","display_name":"Juan Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126253588","display_name":"Xiaoming Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qinhuangdao Branch Campus, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-364X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qinhuangdao Branch Campus, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126211359","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126222969","display_name":"Liang Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125904092","display_name":"Shenyang Aerospace University","ror":"https://ror.org/02423gm04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-6850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xingwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2856-4716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2856-4716","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.6106,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97212734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"7","first_page":"10998","last_page":"11015"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9717000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9717000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7664999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.6929000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.5698999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.49880000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.41929998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observability","display_name":"Observability","score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.3465999960899353}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9027000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7664999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6929000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.5698999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.49880000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.41929998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36299963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369844","display_name":"Observability","level":2,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127964446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1092142","display_name":"Computational resource","level":3,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51332947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172305","display_name":"Shared resource","level":2,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.33820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3257000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52970973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2497134","display_name":"Adaptive system","level":2,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2026.3665729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2026.3665729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/211916","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/211916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.676487386226654,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6074469635","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471121","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"mobile":[1],"edge":[2],"computing":[3],"(MEC),":[4],"computation":[5],"offloading":[6,65,116,173],"serves":[7],"as":[8],"an":[9],"effective":[10],"solution":[11],"to":[12,50,110,149],"bridge":[13],"the":[14,17,25,41,89,101,112],"gap":[15],"between":[16],"stringent":[18],"latency":[19],"requirements":[20],"of":[21,29,44,95,104,169],"computational":[22],"tasks":[23],"and":[24,40,52,66,92,107,117,144,153,175],"limited":[26],"processing":[27],"capabilities":[28],"terminal":[30],"devices":[31],"(TDs).":[32],"However,":[33],"complex":[34],"inter-task":[35],"dependencies,":[36],"dynamic":[37],"network":[38],"conditions,":[39],"decentralized":[42],"architecture":[43],"MEC":[45,70,125],"systems":[46],"pose":[47],"significant":[48],"challenges":[49],"efficient":[51],"adaptive":[53,140],"task":[54,64,76,115],"offloading.":[55],"To":[56],"address":[57,111],"these":[58],"challenges,":[59],"this":[60],"paper":[61],"investigates":[62],"dependency-aware":[63,82,114],"resource":[67,118],"optimization":[68],"in":[69,124,156,167],"environments.":[71,158],"First,":[72],"we":[73,127],"propose":[74],"a":[75,129],"feature":[77],"extraction":[78],"method":[79],"based":[80],"on":[81],"graph":[83],"neural":[84],"networks":[85],"(FEDG),":[86],"which":[87],"captures":[88],"hierarchical":[90],"structure":[91],"varying":[93],"importance":[94],"subtask":[96],"dependencies":[97],"by":[98],"adaptively":[99],"learning":[100,135,151],"aggregation":[102],"weights":[103],"predecessor":[105],"nodes":[106],"edges.":[108],"Then,":[109],"joint":[113],"allocation":[119],"problem":[120],"under":[121],"partial":[122],"observability":[123],"networks,":[126],"design":[128],"Dependency-aware":[130],"Graph-based":[131],"Multi-Agent":[132],"deep":[133],"reinforcement":[134],"(DGMA)":[136],"algorithm.":[137],"DGMA":[138,163],"integrates":[139],"prioritized":[141],"experience":[142],"replay":[143],"correlation-based":[145],"selective":[146],"parameter":[147],"sharing":[148],"improve":[150],"efficiency":[152],"accelerate":[154],"convergence":[155],"multi-agent":[157],"Extensive":[159],"simulations":[160],"demonstrate":[161],"that":[162],"achieves":[164],"superior":[165],"performance":[166],"terms":[168],"delay,":[170],"energy":[171],"consumption,":[172],"utility,":[174],"deadline":[176],"violation":[177],"rate.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T06:22:57.294733","created_date":"2026-02-18T00:00:00"}
