{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416078063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3630751","title":"AIM: <u>A</u> ngle-of-Rad <u>i</u> ation-Based Deploy <u>m</u> ent of UAV Relays for Connectivity in 3D Environments","display_name":"AIM: <u>A</u> ngle-of-Rad <u>i</u> ation-Based Deploy <u>m</u> ent of UAV Relays for Connectivity in 3D Environments","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416078063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3630751"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2025.3630751","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3630751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kuang-Hui Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9140-6811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuang-Hui Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9140-6811","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023462911","display_name":"Fang\u2013Jing Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4443-3353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang-Jing Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4443-3353","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu-Yu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8532-5044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Yu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8532-5044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067426723","display_name":"Ai\u2010Chun Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-2366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086894","display_name":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/000zgvm20","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ai-Chun Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-2366","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40072573,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"4","first_page":"5434","last_page":"5447"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9718000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9718000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.795199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.682699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6116999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6100999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heading","display_name":"Heading (navigation)","score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.47609999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8137999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.795199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.682699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6116999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6100999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.566100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776937971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4384217","display_name":"Heading (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.47609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.3359000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2025.3630751","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3630751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6040578475","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"511568981","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8461638296","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"114L900903","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323900","funder_display_name":"National Taiwan University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312071","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Libya","ror":"https://ror.org/02w030k33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323900","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485658226","https://openalex.org/W2103830439","https://openalex.org/W2342656438","https://openalex.org/W2407187947","https://openalex.org/W2523219060","https://openalex.org/W2739825710","https://openalex.org/W2889655092","https://openalex.org/W2904383009","https://openalex.org/W2980589456","https://openalex.org/W3094328268","https://openalex.org/W3114261526","https://openalex.org/W3162720533","https://openalex.org/W3180538871","https://openalex.org/W3211340978","https://openalex.org/W3213485672","https://openalex.org/W4285815045","https://openalex.org/W4388493846","https://openalex.org/W4390480724","https://openalex.org/W4392309000","https://openalex.org/W4395064458","https://openalex.org/W4399938976","https://openalex.org/W4407693143"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"mobility":[1],"and":[2,22,70,81,212],"flexibility":[3],"in":[4,36,62,101,116,127,176,204],"non-terrestrial":[5],"environments,":[6],"unmanned":[7],"aerial":[8],"vehicles":[9],"(UAVs)":[10],"have":[11],"shown":[12],"the":[13,29,47,71,93,110,117,123,128,132,139,142,147,159,167,171,177,184,187,195,200,207],"potential":[14],"for":[15],"emerging":[16,30],"applications,":[17],"such":[18],"as":[19],"remote":[20],"surveillance":[21],"mobile":[23],"base":[24],"stations.":[25],"This":[26],"work":[27,91],"raises":[28],"need":[31],"to":[32,43,54,97,121,157,183,215],"chain":[33,179],"UAV":[34,99,191],"relays":[35,100],"support":[37],"of":[38,73,79,112,125,141,173,189,206,210],"<italic":[39,148],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[40,149],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">on-demand":[41],"connectivity</i>":[42],"faraway":[44],"users.":[45],"However,":[46],"ideal":[48],"isotropic":[49],"antennas":[50,60],"are":[51,68,114,135],"too":[52],"simplified":[53],"ensure":[55],"connectivity":[56],"among":[57],"UAVs.":[58],"Since":[59],"used":[61,175],"realistic":[63],"communication":[64],"systems":[65],"including":[66],"UAVs":[67,113,126,174,211],"non-isotropic,":[69],"angle":[72],"radiations":[74],"(AoR)":[75],"between":[76],"a":[77,102],"pair":[78],"transmitter":[80],"receiver":[82],"significantly":[83],"influences":[84],"received":[85],"signal":[86],"strengths":[87],"(RSSs).":[88],"Therefore,":[89],"this":[90],"takes":[92],"AoR":[94],"into":[95],"account":[96],"deploy":[98],"3D":[103],"environment.":[104],"Not":[105],"only":[106],"positions":[107],"but":[108],"also":[109],"headings":[111],"modeled":[115],"AoR-based":[118,143],"deployment":[119,144],"problem":[120],"minimize":[122],"number":[124,172,209],"relay":[129,178],"chain,":[130],"while":[131],"end-to-end":[133],"RSSs":[134],"guaranteed.":[136],"We":[137],"prove":[138],"NP-hardness":[140],"problem.":[145,160],"Then,":[146],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><u>A</u>ngle-of-":[150],"Rad<u>i</u>ation-based":[151],"Deploy<u>m</u>ent":[152],"(AIM)":[153],"algorithm</i>":[154],"is":[155,192],"proposed":[156,196],"solve":[158],"The":[161],"extensive":[162],"simulation":[163],"results":[164],"show":[165],"that":[166],"AIM":[168,197],"algorithm":[169,198],"reduces":[170],"by":[180,202],"59.6%":[181],"compared":[182],"baselines":[185,201],"when":[186],"heading":[188],"each":[190],"well-adjusted.":[193],"Also,":[194],"outperforms":[199],"61.2%":[203],"terms":[205],"average":[208],"demonstrates":[213],"adaptability":[214],"various":[216],"terrains.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-11-10T00:00:00"}