{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410294805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3569423","title":"Decentralized Federated Averaging via Random Walk","display_name":"Decentralized Federated Averaging via Random Walk","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410294805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3569423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2025.3569423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3569423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103109047","display_name":"Changheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4757-2842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4757-2842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039663772","display_name":"Zhiqing Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-2739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqing Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-2739","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085696768","display_name":"Lizhe Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-0750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164386","display_name":"Hebei Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/05k812a28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164386"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95946905","display_name":"Hebei GEO University","ror":"https://ror.org/013x4kb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lizhe Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks, Shijiazhuang, China","National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164386"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qiao Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5107-0601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiao Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5107-0601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yingda Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1046-5627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingda Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1046-5627","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035290735","display_name":"Yangyang Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0633-8768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangyang Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0633-8768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001870024","display_name":"Yashan Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9657-6658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164386","display_name":"Hebei Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/05k812a28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164386"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95946905","display_name":"Hebei GEO University","ror":"https://ror.org/013x4kb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yashan Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks, Shijiazhuang, China","National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Networks, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164386"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001714538","display_name":"Zhiyong Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-222X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-222X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103109047"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09683568,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"10","first_page":"10295","last_page":"10311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11716","display_name":"Random Matrices and Applications","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11716","display_name":"Random Matrices and Applications","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9695000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7817007303237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-walk","display_name":"Random walk","score":0.6430830955505371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.40907764434814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36921757459640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09106233716011047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7817007303237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121194460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856741","display_name":"Random walk","level":2,"score":0.6430830955505371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.40907764434814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36921757459640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09106233716011047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2025.3569423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3569423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2497697648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92267202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G725920039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024ZCJH01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982545958","https://openalex.org/W2885549115","https://openalex.org/W2949003697","https://openalex.org/W2991411395","https://openalex.org/W2995022099","https://openalex.org/W3012501605","https://openalex.org/W3014507393","https://openalex.org/W3021654819","https://openalex.org/W3081838290","https://openalex.org/W3086809868","https://openalex.org/W3105600443","https://openalex.org/W3111512201","https://openalex.org/W3112310000","https://openalex.org/W3154783603","https://openalex.org/W3158567365","https://openalex.org/W3182125009","https://openalex.org/W3194291390","https://openalex.org/W3210867668","https://openalex.org/W4206372917","https://openalex.org/W4312768957","https://openalex.org/W4312950667","https://openalex.org/W4318186659","https://openalex.org/W4320713367","https://openalex.org/W4328007318","https://openalex.org/W4385516941","https://openalex.org/W4386766438","https://openalex.org/W4388895109","https://openalex.org/W4388952984","https://openalex.org/W4391640512"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1597743604","https://openalex.org/W2038723108","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0,138],"Learning":[1],"(FL)":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,36,66,130,186,213,241],"communication-efficient":[5],"distributed":[6],"machine":[7],"learning":[8,78],"method":[9],"that":[10,170,193,216,227],"allows":[11],"multiple":[12,82,125],"devices":[13],"to":[14,39,99,163,174],"collaboratively":[15],"train":[16],"models":[17,101],"without":[18,254],"sharing":[19],"raw":[20],"data.":[21,109],"FL":[22],"can":[23],"be":[24],"categorized":[25],"into":[26],"centralized":[27,32],"and":[28,52,72,107,141,155,222,238,243],"decentralized":[29,60,116,143],"paradigms.":[30],"The":[31,74],"paradigm":[33],"relies":[34],"on":[35,129],"central":[37,67],"server":[38],"aggregate":[40,164],"local":[41,83,126],"models,":[42],"potentially":[43],"resulting":[44],"in":[45,80,93,102,234,246],"single":[46,131],"points":[47],"of":[48,54,76,105,152,189,200,252],"failure,":[49],"communication":[50,181,221,256],"bottlenecks,":[51],"exposure":[53],"model":[55,176],"parameters.":[56],"In":[57],"contrast,":[58],"the":[59,103,150,175,259],"paradigm,":[61],"which":[62,123,148],"does":[63],"not":[64],"require":[65],"server,":[68],"provides":[69],"improved":[70],"robustness":[71],"privacy.":[73],"essence":[75],"federated":[77,117],"lies":[79],"leveraging":[81],"updates":[84],"for":[85,258],"efficient":[86],"communication.":[87],"However,":[88],"this":[89,112],"approach":[90],"may":[91],"result":[92],"slower":[94],"convergence":[95,98,197,236],"or":[96],"even":[97],"suboptimal":[100],"presence":[104],"heterogeneous":[106],"imbalanced":[108],"To":[110,178],"address":[111],"challenge,":[113],"we":[114,160,183,211],"study":[115],"averaging":[118],"via":[119],"random":[120,134,166],"walk":[121,135,167],"(DFedRW),":[122],"replaces":[124],"update":[127],"steps":[128],"device":[132],"with":[133],"updates.":[136],"Traditional":[137],"Averaging":[139],"(FedAvg)":[140],"its":[142],"versions":[144],"commonly":[145],"ignore":[146],"stragglers,":[147],"reduces":[149],"amount":[151],"training":[153],"data":[154],"introduces":[156],"sampling":[157],"bias.":[158],"Therefore,":[159],"allow":[161],"DFedRW":[162,195],"partial":[165],"updates,":[168],"ensuring":[169],"each":[171],"computation":[172],"contributes":[173],"update.":[177],"further":[179],"improve":[180],"efficiency,":[182],"also":[184],"propose":[185,212],"quantized":[187],"version":[188],"DFedRW.":[190],"We":[191],"demonstrate":[192],"(quantized)":[194],"achieves":[196],"upper":[198],"bound":[199],"order":[201],"<inline-formula":[202],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[203],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[204],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mathcal":[205],"{O}(\\frac{1}{k^{1-q}})$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[206],"under":[207,249],"convex":[208],"conditions.":[209],"Furthermore,":[210],"sufficient":[214],"condition":[215],"reveals":[217],"when":[218],"quantization":[219],"balances":[220],"convergence.":[223],"Numerical":[224],"analysis":[225],"indicates":[226],"our":[228],"proposed":[229],"algorithms":[230],"outperform":[231],"(decentralized)":[232],"FedAvg":[233],"both":[235],"rate":[237],"accuracy,":[239],"achieving":[240],"38.3%":[242],"37.5%":[244],"increase":[245],"test":[247],"accuracy":[248],"high":[250],"levels":[251],"heterogeneities,":[253],"increasing":[255],"costs":[257],"busiest":[260],"device.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
