{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409129019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3557504","title":"mm-Fall: Practical and Robust Fall Detection via mmWave Signals","display_name":"mm-Fall: Practical and Robust Fall Detection via mmWave Signals","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409129019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3557504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2025.3557504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3557504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036106329","display_name":"Cui Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4603-4914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4603-4914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qiumin Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiumin Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055427830","display_name":"Han Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-7988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-7988","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400459","display_name":"Ge Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3845-1646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ge Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3845-1646","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001944828","display_name":"Kun Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2326-4343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2326-4343","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077846188","display_name":"Zhi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-0068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","School of Software Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-0068","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050052141","display_name":"Wei Xi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9348-2982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9348-2982","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101471775","display_name":"Jizhong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1037-9619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jizhong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1037-9619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8451,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8467919,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"9","first_page":"8747","last_page":"8760"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7531517148017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.42923498153686523}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7531517148017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.42923498153686523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2025.3557504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2025.3557504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1145904022","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1890755758","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24A20246","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6618698252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023M742792","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6673862757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372365","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8552911650","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302383","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971422403","https://openalex.org/W2333868524","https://openalex.org/W2338892592","https://openalex.org/W2340862004","https://openalex.org/W2559085405","https://openalex.org/W2604258698","https://openalex.org/W2746870488","https://openalex.org/W2772973030","https://openalex.org/W2783857023","https://openalex.org/W2896783937","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963495494","https://openalex.org/W2971424155","https://openalex.org/W2997932427","https://openalex.org/W3008890148","https://openalex.org/W3010205642","https://openalex.org/W3126750064","https://openalex.org/W3140672455","https://openalex.org/W3203023227","https://openalex.org/W3207984187","https://openalex.org/W3211771663","https://openalex.org/W3212193748","https://openalex.org/W4224928198","https://openalex.org/W4283208041","https://openalex.org/W4283211061","https://openalex.org/W4306179797","https://openalex.org/W4312313324","https://openalex.org/W4312749389","https://openalex.org/W4315705927","https://openalex.org/W4317927918","https://openalex.org/W4319299976","https://openalex.org/W4361760217","https://openalex.org/W4361769930","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4387212628","https://openalex.org/W4403420855"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Falls":[0],"pose":[1],"a":[2,35,83,111],"significant":[3],"risk":[4],"to":[5,39,67,69,78,124],"the":[6,14,65,87],"health":[7],"and":[8,26,42,76,81,98,126,131,148,170,200,217],"wellbeing":[9],"of":[10,16,89,143,175,189,198,202],"older":[11],"adults,":[12],"driving":[13],"development":[15],"various":[17],"fall":[18,115],"detection":[19,116],"systems.":[20],"Existing":[21],"solutions":[22],"have":[23,33],"explored":[24],"wearable":[25],"vision":[27],"sensors,":[28],"while":[29],"non-invasive":[30,114],"RF-based":[31,49],"approaches":[32,53],"raised":[34],"growing":[36],"interest":[37],"due":[38],"their":[40,135],"convenience":[41],"privacy":[43],"considerations.":[44],"Despite":[45],"major":[46],"advancements":[47],"in":[48,57,86,163,179,204],"passive":[50],"estimation,":[51],"current":[52],"still":[54],"face":[55],"challenges":[56],"handling":[58],"complex":[59],"real-world":[60],"scenarios.":[61,172],"They":[62],"often":[63],"lack":[64],"ability":[66],"generalize":[68],"new":[70,146],"domains":[71,147],"(i.e.,":[72],"people,":[73],"position,":[74],"environment),":[75],"struggle":[77],"accurately":[79,133],"detect":[80],"localize":[82,127],"fallen":[84],"person":[85],"presence":[88],"unknown":[90],"activities":[91],"from":[92,152],"nearby":[93],"objects":[94],"(e.g.,":[95],"pet":[96],"animal":[97],"robot":[99],"vacuum":[100],"cleaner)":[101],"or":[102,210],"persons.":[103],"To":[104],"address":[105],"these":[106],"challenges,":[107],"we":[108],"present":[109],"mm-Fall,":[110],"novel":[112],"mmWave-based":[113],"system":[117],"that":[118,155],"utilizes":[119],"Range-Angle":[120],"(RA)":[121],"energy":[122],"maps":[123],"separate":[125],"multiple":[128,211],"moving":[129,212],"targets,":[130],"further":[132],"estimate":[134],"states.":[136],"Unlike":[137],"previous":[138],"approaches,":[139],"mm-Fall":[140,176],"is":[141,177],"capable":[142],"working":[144],"with":[145,182],"effectively":[149],"distinguishing":[150],"falls":[151],"non-fall":[153],"motions":[154],"may":[156],"appear":[157],"similar.":[158],"Additionally,":[159],"it":[160],"performs":[161],"well":[162],"challenging":[164],"conditions,":[165],"such":[166],"as":[167],"poor":[168],"lighting":[169],"occluded":[171],"Our":[173],"design":[174],"evaluated":[178],"13":[180],"environments":[181],"over":[183],"16":[184],"individuals":[185],"performing":[186],"24+":[187],"types":[188],"motions.":[190],"The":[191,215],"results":[192],"demonstrate":[193],"an":[194],"impressive":[195],"average":[196],"recall":[197],"0.969":[199],"precision":[201],"0.996":[203],"detecting":[205],"falls,":[206],"whether":[207],"involving":[208],"single":[209],"targets":[213],"simultaneously.":[214],"code":[216],"dataset":[218],"will":[219],"be":[220],"made":[221],"publicly":[222],"available.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
