{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395069637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2024.3393430","title":"Securing O-RAN Open Interfaces","display_name":"Securing O-RAN Open Interfaces","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395069637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2024.3393430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2024.3393430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2024.3393430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001727035","display_name":"Joshua Groen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5905-7202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Groen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5905-7202","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053788606","display_name":"Salvatore D\u2019Oro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7690-0449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore D'Oro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7690-0449","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038931213","display_name":"Utku Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8410-4912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Utku Demir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8410-4912","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005032046","display_name":"Leonardo Bonati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-1833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Bonati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-1833","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074897413","display_name":"Davide Villa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-3915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Villa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-3915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007933623","display_name":"Michele Polese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-134X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Polese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-134X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054337759","display_name":"Tommaso Melodia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-1789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommaso Melodia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-1789","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080483470","display_name":"Kaushik Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-2622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaushik Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-2622","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001727035"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6081,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.965311,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"12","first_page":"11265","last_page":"11277"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9695000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9695000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9581999778747559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9272000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7751619815826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ran","display_name":"Ran","score":0.6848521828651428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4079662263393402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3271636366844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.32665038108825684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7751619815826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160704184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031028","display_name":"Ran","level":2,"score":0.6848521828651428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4079662263393402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3271636366844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.32665038108825684}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2024.3393430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2024.3393430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13103650","https://openalex.org/W2021506258","https://openalex.org/W2564243131","https://openalex.org/W2794304098","https://openalex.org/W2915352631","https://openalex.org/W3004221938","https://openalex.org/W3175768200","https://openalex.org/W3195270856","https://openalex.org/W3207330630","https://openalex.org/W3214428327","https://openalex.org/W3216288870","https://openalex.org/W3217471642","https://openalex.org/W4220945180","https://openalex.org/W4254760511","https://openalex.org/W4280632860","https://openalex.org/W4281677776","https://openalex.org/W4285243919","https://openalex.org/W4287887122","https://openalex.org/W4295185261","https://openalex.org/W4306250092","https://openalex.org/W4313067193","https://openalex.org/W4317796310","https://openalex.org/W4323646108","https://openalex.org/W4387870928","https://openalex.org/W4401070294","https://openalex.org/W4401538741","https://openalex.org/W4402159672","https://openalex.org/W6600519307","https://openalex.org/W6755220566","https://openalex.org/W6838608005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1766728438","https://openalex.org/W1668090144","https://openalex.org/W2504993638","https://openalex.org/W2083168956","https://openalex.org/W2980853820","https://openalex.org/W404373762","https://openalex.org/W2186004379","https://openalex.org/W2132764178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,16],"next":[1],"generation":[2],"of":[3,77,93,191],"cellular":[4,148],"networks":[5],"will":[6],"be":[7,68],"characterized":[8],"by":[9,177],"openness,":[10],"intelligence,":[11],"virtualization,":[12],"and":[13,40,64,114,140,145,159],"distributed":[14],"computing.":[15],"Open":[17,54,71,98,116,143,180,192],"Radio":[18,120],"Access":[19],"Network":[20],"(Open":[21],"RAN)":[22],"framework":[23],"represents":[24],"a":[25,109,129,141,184],"significant":[26],"leap":[27],"toward":[28],"realizing":[29],"these":[30],"ideals,":[31],"with":[32,108],"prototype":[33],"deployments":[34],"taking":[35],"place":[36],"in":[37],"both":[38],"academic":[39],"industrial":[41],"domains.":[42],"While":[43],"it":[44],"holds":[45],"the":[46,50,86,91,101,105,115,119,123,136,156,188],"potential":[47],"to":[48,70,122],"disrupt":[49],"established":[51],"vendor":[52],"lock-ins,":[53],"RAN's":[55,72],"disaggregated":[56],"nature":[57],"raises":[58],"critical":[59],"security":[60,176],"concerns.":[61],"Safeguarding":[62],"data":[63],"securing":[65],"interfaces":[66],"must":[67],"integral":[69],"design,":[73],"demanding":[74],"meticulous":[75],"analysis":[76],"cost/benefit":[78],"tradeoffs.":[79],"In":[80],"this":[81],"paper,":[82],"we":[83,169],"embark":[84],"on":[85,95],"first":[87],"comprehensive":[88],"investigation":[89],"into":[90,155],"impact":[92],"encryption":[94,166],"two":[96],"pivotal":[97],"RAN":[99,111,144,181,193],"interfaces:":[100],"E2":[102],"interface,":[103],"connecting":[104,118],"base":[106],"station":[107],"near-real-time":[110],"Intelligent":[112],"Controller,":[113],"Fronthaul,":[117],"Unit":[121],"Distributed":[124],"Unit.":[125],"Our":[126],"study":[127],"leverages":[128],"full-stack":[130],"O-RAN":[131],"ALLIANCE":[132],"compliant":[133],"implementation":[134],"within":[135,179],"Colosseum":[137],"network":[138],"emulator":[139],"production-ready":[142],"5G-compliant":[146],"private":[147],"network.":[149],"This":[150],"research":[151],"contributes":[152],"quantitative":[153],"insights":[154],"latency":[157],"introduced":[158],"throughput":[160],"reduction":[161],"stemming":[162],"from":[163],"using":[164],"various":[165],"protocols.":[167],"Furthermore,":[168],"present":[170],"four":[171],"fundamental":[172],"principles":[173],"for":[174,186],"constructing":[175],"design":[178],"systems,":[182],"offering":[183],"roadmap":[185],"navigating":[187],"intricate":[189],"landscape":[190],"security.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}