{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392151734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2024.3369754","title":"Control Layer Security: Exploiting Unobservable Cooperative States of Autonomous Systems for Secret Key Generation","display_name":"Control Layer Security: Exploiting Unobservable Cooperative States of Autonomous Systems for Secret Key Generation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392151734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2024.3369754"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2024.3369754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2024.3369754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/20992","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084240618","display_name":"Zhuangkun Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8073-7859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuangkun Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8073-7859","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062362866","display_name":"Weisi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-3953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128584","display_name":"The Alan Turing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/035dkdb55","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128584"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weisi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford, U.K","The Alan Turing Institute, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-3953","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Alan Turing Institute, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128584"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9281,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7305165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"10","first_page":"9989","last_page":"10000"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unobservable","display_name":"Unobservable","score":0.7867655754089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.776802659034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6315785646438599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-generation","display_name":"Key generation","score":0.6314595937728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5775676965713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4232825040817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.420714408159256}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3799040","display_name":"Unobservable","level":2,"score":0.7867655754089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.776802659034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6315785646438599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.6314595937728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5775676965713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4232825040817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.420714408159256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2024.3369754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2024.3369754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk:1826/20992","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/20992","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401778","display_name":"CERES (Cranfield University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","host_organization_name":"Cranfield University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:durham-repository.worktribe.com:3479186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3479186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk:1826/20992","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/20992","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401778","display_name":"CERES (Cranfield University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","host_organization_name":"Cranfield University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G979560605","display_name":"UKRI Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Node in Security","funder_award_id":"EP/V026763/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513904472","https://openalex.org/W1522345630","https://openalex.org/W1916886752","https://openalex.org/W1970334960","https://openalex.org/W2035769579","https://openalex.org/W2054496355","https://openalex.org/W2064423787","https://openalex.org/W2082829278","https://openalex.org/W2091729149","https://openalex.org/W2105599356","https://openalex.org/W2131110609","https://openalex.org/W2131371337","https://openalex.org/W2137147061","https://openalex.org/W2161081468","https://openalex.org/W2212828166","https://openalex.org/W2230451675","https://openalex.org/W2295120647","https://openalex.org/W2499597001","https://openalex.org/W2619678842","https://openalex.org/W2756443384","https://openalex.org/W2789028464","https://openalex.org/W2890006332","https://openalex.org/W2990944902","https://openalex.org/W2999416770","https://openalex.org/W3002346944","https://openalex.org/W3015470607","https://openalex.org/W3033356873","https://openalex.org/W3038067977","https://openalex.org/W3087782700","https://openalex.org/W3098019070","https://openalex.org/W3101216844","https://openalex.org/W3105093657","https://openalex.org/W3128963139","https://openalex.org/W3193462788","https://openalex.org/W3194394973","https://openalex.org/W4206016832","https://openalex.org/W4206658479","https://openalex.org/W4226497377","https://openalex.org/W4255133955","https://openalex.org/W4285513331","https://openalex.org/W4293168393","https://openalex.org/W4317419058","https://openalex.org/W4365421145"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2614563012","https://openalex.org/W3125305833","https://openalex.org/W2560394302","https://openalex.org/W2013817888","https://openalex.org/W2363759744","https://openalex.org/W2348393504","https://openalex.org/W2000260307","https://openalex.org/W2380713189","https://openalex.org/W269309995","https://openalex.org/W3094714434"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,135,158],"rapid":[1,43],"growth":[2],"of":[3,115,230],"autonomous":[4],"systems":[5,187],"(ASs)":[6],"with":[7,181,238],"data":[8],"sharing":[9],"means":[10],"new":[11,100],"cybersecurity":[12],"methods":[13],"have":[14,26],"to":[15,32,51,63,118,189,201,213,226],"be":[16],"developed":[17],"for":[18,244],"them.":[19],"Existing":[20],"computational":[21,34],"complexity-based":[22],"cryptography":[23,38],"does":[24],"not":[25],"information-theoretical":[27],"bounds":[28],"and":[29,83,141,152,162,176,186,194,210],"poses":[30],"threats":[31],"superior":[33],"attackers.":[35],"This":[36,123,219],"post-quantum":[37],"issue":[39],"indeed":[40],"motivated":[41],"the":[42,91,110,129,182,191,195,202,214,228,234,242],"advances":[44],"in":[45,77,90,128,233],"using":[46],"common":[47,149],"physical":[48],"layer":[49,105],"properties":[50],"generate":[52,119],"symmetrical":[53,120],"cipher":[54,121],"keys":[55,197],"(known":[56],"as":[57,222],"PLS).":[58],"However,":[59],"PLS":[60],"remains":[61],"sensitive":[62],"attackers":[64,239],"(e.g.,":[65,80],"jamming)":[66],"that":[67,240],"destroy":[68],"its":[69],"prerequisite":[70,243],"wireless":[71],"channel":[72],"reciprocity.":[73],"When":[74],"ASs":[75,117],"are":[76,144,156],"cooperative":[78,116,132],"tasks":[79],"rescuing":[81],"searching,":[82],"formation":[84],"flight),":[85],"they":[86],"will":[87],"behave":[88],"cooperatively":[89],"control":[92,104,133],"layer.":[93],"Inspired":[94],"by":[95],"this,":[96],"we":[97],"propose":[98],"a":[99,223],"security":[101,106],"mechanism":[102],"called":[103],"(CLS),":[107],"which":[108,148],"exploits":[109],"correlated":[111],"but":[112],"unobservable":[113,192,206],"states":[114,143,185,193,207,216],"keys.":[122],"idea":[124],"is":[125,174],"then":[126],"realized":[127],"linearized":[130],"UAV":[131,164],"scenario.":[134],"theoretical":[136],"correlation":[137],"coefficients":[138],"between":[139],"Alice's":[140],"Bob's":[142],"computed,":[145],"based":[146],"on":[147],"feature":[150],"selection":[151],"key":[153,171],"quantization":[154],"steps":[155],"designed.":[157],"results":[159],"from":[160,205],"simulation":[161],"real":[163],"experiments":[165],"show":[166],"i)":[167],"an":[168,179],"approximately":[169],"90%":[170],"agreement":[172],"rate":[173],"achieved,":[175],"ii)":[177],"even":[178],"Eve":[180],"known":[183],"observable":[184,215],"fails":[188],"estimate":[190],"secret":[196],"relied":[198],"upon,":[199],"due":[200],"multiple-to-one":[203],"mapping":[204],"(pitch,":[208],"roll":[209],"yaw":[211],"angles)":[212],"(3D":[217],"trajectory).":[218],"demonstrates":[220],"CLS":[221],"promising":[224],"candidate":[225],"secure":[227],"communications":[229],"ASs,":[231],"especially":[232],"adversarial":[235],"radio":[236],"environment":[237],"destroys":[241],"current":[245],"PLS.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
