{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390224221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2023.3346877","title":"A Robust Heterogeneous Offloading Setup Using Adversarial Training","display_name":"A Robust Heterogeneous Offloading Setup Using Adversarial Training","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390224221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2023.3346877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2023.3346877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2023.3346877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101998063","display_name":"Mahdi Amiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8779-9606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahdi Amiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8779-9606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041967349","display_name":"Mohammad Hossein Rohban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6589-850X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Hossein Rohban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6589-850X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091774451","display_name":"Shaahin Hessabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3193-2567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaahin Hessabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3193-2567","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1308,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58968825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"7","first_page":"7927","last_page":"7938"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9048162698745728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7613434195518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6700957417488098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6279781460762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5725467801094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5661595463752747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5650339126586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.5183218717575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4389794170856476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4219190776348114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4194846749305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41897642612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4132694900035858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16973286867141724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9048162698745728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7613434195518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6700957417488098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6279781460762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5725467801094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5661595463752747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5650339126586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.5183218717575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4389794170856476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4219190776348114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4194846749305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41897642612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4132694900035858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16973286867141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2023.3346877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2023.3346877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1673923490","https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W2143612262","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2279098554","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963918968","https://openalex.org/W2971714613","https://openalex.org/W2980856918","https://openalex.org/W2981114133","https://openalex.org/W2997560666","https://openalex.org/W2997958396","https://openalex.org/W3009542902","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3099502074","https://openalex.org/W3107235539","https://openalex.org/W3107847925","https://openalex.org/W3114386910","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3134255974","https://openalex.org/W3157792792","https://openalex.org/W3204279503","https://openalex.org/W4224134719","https://openalex.org/W4225966323","https://openalex.org/W4236099117","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6638523607","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6695314431","https://openalex.org/W6748475379","https://openalex.org/W6752515464","https://openalex.org/W6754259177","https://openalex.org/W6756887525","https://openalex.org/W6758731277","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6765597837","https://openalex.org/W6780176858","https://openalex.org/W6780827055","https://openalex.org/W6784333009","https://openalex.org/W6787972765","https://openalex.org/W6795006105","https://openalex.org/W6796715692"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950183588","https://openalex.org/W3080754722","https://openalex.org/W4383221314","https://openalex.org/W3093978547","https://openalex.org/W2953536436","https://openalex.org/W3203790781","https://openalex.org/W4313346231","https://openalex.org/W2738001131","https://openalex.org/W4285785480","https://openalex.org/W2997056298"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"Neural":[1],"Networks":[2],"(DNNs)":[3],"are":[4,102,188],"very":[5],"resource-demanding":[6],"at":[7],"inference":[8,124],"time.":[9],"Hence,":[10],"one":[11,51,65],"needs":[12],"to":[13,16,81,114,119],"be":[14],"able":[15],"offload":[17],"the":[18,22,34,45,53,82,89,116,120,123,148,163,170,181,185,191,194,196,200,208],"model":[19,36,67,84],"execution":[20],"on":[21,37,131,157],"cloud":[23,42],"as":[24,61],"a":[25,110,138,213],"solution.":[26],"The":[27],"problem":[28],"is":[29,50,129,166,207,220],"that":[30,143,162,180],"we":[31,108,136,178],"should":[32],"use":[33],"same":[35],"both":[38],"resource-constrained":[39],"devices":[40],"and":[41,86,126,159],"sides.":[43],"On":[44],"other":[46],"hand,":[47],"adversarial":[48,72,76,218],"robustness":[49,219],"of":[52,112,154,184,202],"main":[54],"issues":[55],"in":[56,122,168,190,211],"many":[57],"real-world":[58],"applications,":[59],"such":[60],"autonomous":[62],"driving,":[63],"where":[64],"desires":[66],"stability":[68],"under":[69,173,217],"imperceptible":[70],"but":[71],"input":[73],"perturbations.":[74],"However,":[75],"training":[77],"(AT)":[78],"requires":[79],"access":[80],"actual":[83],"architecture":[85],"weights":[87],"during":[88],"training.":[90],"In":[91],"our":[92,155,203,205],"setup,":[93],"two":[94],"different":[95],"deep":[96],"models":[97,171],"(suitable":[98],"for":[99],"each":[100,127],"side)":[101],"broken":[103],"into":[104],"several":[105],"blocks.":[106],"Then,":[107],"select":[109],"combination":[111],"blocks":[113,150,183],"perform":[115],"computation":[117],"according":[118],"constraints":[121],"time,":[125],"block":[128],"executed":[130],"its":[132],"respective":[133],"side.":[134],"Moreover,":[135],"propose":[137],"novel":[139],"modified":[140],"AT":[141,165],"method":[142,156,206],"can":[144],"virtually":[145],"train":[146],"all":[147],"mentioned":[149],"collectively.":[151],"Rigorous":[152],"evaluations":[153],"CIFAR-10":[158],"CIFAR-100":[160],"show":[161,179],"proposed":[164],"effective":[167],"making":[169],"robust":[172],"various":[174],"offloading":[175,215],"scenarios.":[176],"Furthermore,":[177],"more":[182],"large":[186],"network":[187],"present":[189],"selected":[192],"model,":[193],"higher":[195],"final":[197],"accuracy.":[198],"To":[199],"best":[201],"knowledge,":[204],"first":[209],"one,":[210],"which":[212],"heterogeneous":[214],"scheme":[216],"investigated.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}