{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313855641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2023.3235061","title":"Hybrid Physical-Layer Authentication","display_name":"Hybrid Physical-Layer Authentication","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313855641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2023.3235061"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2023.3235061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2023.3235061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037751722","display_name":"Ning Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-8111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-8111","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032474012","display_name":"Jiaheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2377-9796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027109313","display_name":"Qihong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6972-8508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qihong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061903593","display_name":"Haijun Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-4450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijun Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-4450","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008787905","display_name":"Alex X. Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6916-1326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093653","display_name":"Midea Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/006fm2278","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093653"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex X. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["President of the Software Engineering Institute, the Chief Security Officer of the Midea Group, Foshan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6916-1326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"President of the Software Engineering Institute, the Chief Security Officer of the Midea Group, Foshan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093653"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.179,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75560128,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7723749279975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6622939109802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.6608740091323853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5920307636260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5432639122009277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.48500940203666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.4639185667037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4538886845111847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.424710214138031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.24715831875801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15606480836868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14538660645484924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.12950274348258972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09970235824584961}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7723749279975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6622939109802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.6608740091323853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5920307636260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5432639122009277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.48500940203666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4639185667037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4538886845111847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.424710214138031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.24715831875801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15606480836868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14538660645484924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.12950274348258972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09970235824584961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2023.3235061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2023.3235061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6202994543","display_name":"\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61972262","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2109394932","https://openalex.org/W2114440979","https://openalex.org/W2135890169","https://openalex.org/W2149191412","https://openalex.org/W2153261701","https://openalex.org/W2153644609","https://openalex.org/W2208173047","https://openalex.org/W2283429465","https://openalex.org/W2314565273","https://openalex.org/W2744747563","https://openalex.org/W2776818420","https://openalex.org/W2790515697","https://openalex.org/W2797907857","https://openalex.org/W2902432556","https://openalex.org/W2909576504","https://openalex.org/W2998948997","https://openalex.org/W3014187232","https://openalex.org/W3108962068","https://openalex.org/W3123476713","https://openalex.org/W4249267162","https://openalex.org/W6677178498"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327053383","https://openalex.org/W2356834760","https://openalex.org/W1964600846","https://openalex.org/W2790025453","https://openalex.org/W2127563499","https://openalex.org/W2030191005","https://openalex.org/W2027568561","https://openalex.org/W1521521035","https://openalex.org/W1865172210","https://openalex.org/W1983617143"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Physical-Layer":[0],"Authentication":[1,107],"(PLA)":[2],"attracts":[3],"a":[4,50,152,235,274],"lot":[5],"of":[6,10,42,68,92,104,129,141,151,176,186,201,204,208,224],"research":[7],"interests":[8],"because":[9],"its":[11],"significant":[12,139],"advantages":[13,41,221],"over":[14,190],"upper-layer":[15],"authentication":[16,66,127],"mechanisms:":[17],"high":[18,77],"security":[19],"and":[20,31,46,121,194,212,222,228,255,263],"low":[21],"complexity.":[22],"The":[23,96,270],"PLA":[24,71,86,132],"schemes":[25,48,87,123,189,227],"can":[26],"be":[27],"categorized":[28],"into":[29],"passive":[30,47],"active":[32,45,143,247],"schemes.":[33,280],"In":[34],"this":[35],"paper,":[36],"we":[37,81,161,181,218],"extensively":[38],"leverage":[39],"the":[40,44,55,61,65,69,90,93,102,105,113,126,130,142,148,158,164,173,177,183,187,202,220,225,246,249,256,268,278],"both":[43,119,261],"as":[49,54,112],"reference":[51],"scheme,":[52,110,144,160,248],"named":[53,111],"Direct":[56],"Hybrid":[57,115,167],"(DH)":[58],"scheme.":[59,95,117],"Although":[60,118],"DH":[62,94,120,250],"scheme":[63,99,169,251,258,272],"improves":[64],"performance":[67,128],"prior":[70,131],"schemes,":[72,133],"it":[73,266],"has":[74,252,259],"limitations,":[75],"e.g.,":[76],"communication":[78],"overhead.":[79],"Then,":[80],"further":[82,100,162],"propose":[83,163],"two":[84],"hybrid":[85],"to":[88,146,170],"overcome":[89],"limitations":[91],"first":[97],"proposed":[98,188,226],"uses":[101],"advantage":[103],"Challenge-Response":[106],"Mechanism":[108],"(CRAM)":[109],"CR-based":[114],"(CRH)":[116],"CRH":[122,159,257],"significantly":[124],"improve":[125],"they":[134],"do":[135],"not":[136],"address":[137],"one":[138],"limitation":[140],"i.e.,":[145],"set":[147,172],"power":[149],"allocation":[150],"tag":[153],"empirically.":[154],"Thus,":[155],"based":[156],"on":[157],"Adaptive":[165],"CR-Based":[166],"(ACRH)":[168],"adaptively":[171],"parameter":[174],"instead":[175],"empirical":[178],"setting.":[179],"Moreover,":[180],"provide":[182],"theoretical":[184],"analysis":[185],"wireless":[191],"fading":[192],"channels":[193],"derive":[195],"their":[196],"closed-form":[197],"expressions":[198],"in":[199,243],"terms":[200],"Probability":[203,207],"Detection":[205],"(PD),":[206],"False":[209],"Alarm":[210],"(PFA),":[211],"optimal":[213],"threshold,":[214],"respectively.":[215],"At":[216],"last,":[217],"discuss":[219],"disadvantages":[223],"give":[229],"some":[230],"useful":[231],"suggestions":[232],"for":[233],"seeking":[234],"better":[236,253,260,275],"tradeoff.":[237],"Our":[238],"experimental":[239],"results":[240],"show":[241],"that,":[242],"comparison":[244],"with":[245],"robustness,":[254],"robustness":[262],"compatibility":[264],"but":[265],"sacrifices":[267],"security.":[269],"ARCH":[271],"achieves":[273],"tradeoff":[276],"than":[277],"remaining":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
