{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312358959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3218148","title":"Learning Location From Shared Elevation Profiles in Fitness Apps: A Privacy Perspective","display_name":"Learning Location From Shared Elevation Profiles in Fitness Apps: A Privacy Perspective","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312358959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3218148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3218148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3218148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070458476","display_name":"\u00dclk\u00fc Meteriz-Y\u0131ld\u0131ran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulku Meteriz-Yildiran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005257281","display_name":"Necip Faz\u0131l Y\u0131ld\u0131ran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-5462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Necip Fazil Yildiran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049202871","display_name":"Joongheon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-768X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joongheon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-768X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077402873","display_name":"Aziz Mohaisen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3227-2505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Mohaisen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3227-2505","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4585,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86308744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"581","last_page":"596"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.85008704662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geolocation","display_name":"Geolocation","score":0.7102759480476379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.6338249444961548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.5216315388679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4946152865886688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.48855528235435486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4586264491081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.4574110209941864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.43087005615234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.4100439250469208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3998141884803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3675888180732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.33010566234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.15177953243255615}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.85008704662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22041718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638949","display_name":"Geolocation","level":2,"score":0.7102759480476379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.6338249444961548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.5216315388679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4946152865886688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.48855528235435486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4586264491081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.4574110209941864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.43087005615234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.4100439250469208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3998141884803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3675888180732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.33010566234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.15177953243255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3218148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3218148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113000659","https://openalex.org/W344653888","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1841910326","https://openalex.org/W1964027885","https://openalex.org/W1994292329","https://openalex.org/W2005523155","https://openalex.org/W2026553318","https://openalex.org/W2071079965","https://openalex.org/W2071358357","https://openalex.org/W2073072860","https://openalex.org/W2109943925","https://openalex.org/W2119047901","https://openalex.org/W2120911939","https://openalex.org/W2128870831","https://openalex.org/W2130151420","https://openalex.org/W2134479759","https://openalex.org/W2141854027","https://openalex.org/W2149692139","https://openalex.org/W2161349318","https://openalex.org/W2170166043","https://openalex.org/W2197039943","https://openalex.org/W2604315142","https://openalex.org/W2605171232","https://openalex.org/W2605289356","https://openalex.org/W2766842895","https://openalex.org/W2799924119","https://openalex.org/W2885933378","https://openalex.org/W2886061540","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2949482333","https://openalex.org/W2961099251","https://openalex.org/W3102844060","https://openalex.org/W3126296271","https://openalex.org/W3131051619","https://openalex.org/W3131231119","https://openalex.org/W3202320739","https://openalex.org/W6604529437","https://openalex.org/W6610792082","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6676404980","https://openalex.org/W6681663346","https://openalex.org/W6753866922"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163194970","https://openalex.org/W3105229732","https://openalex.org/W2799094075","https://openalex.org/W2892370851","https://openalex.org/W2945387931","https://openalex.org/W2187946387","https://openalex.org/W2052024186","https://openalex.org/W2939141610","https://openalex.org/W4310429133","https://openalex.org/W68214382"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,260],"extensive":[1],"use":[2,240],"of":[3,92,98,123,138,156,174,186,201,223],"smartphones":[4],"and":[5,21,29,38,47,55,72,129,218,226,235,245,249],"wearable":[6,22],"devices":[7],"has":[8],"facilitated":[9],"many":[10,24],"useful":[11],"applications.":[12],"For":[13,40],"example,":[14,41],"with":[15,83],"Global":[16],"Positioning":[17],"System":[18],"(GPS)-equipped":[19],"smart":[20],"devices,":[23],"applications":[25,66],"can":[26,149,177],"gather,":[27],"process,":[28],"share":[30,76],"rich":[31],"metadata,":[32],"such":[33,44,79,108],"as":[34,45,109,130],"geolocation,":[35],"trajectories,":[36],"elevation,":[37],"time.":[39],"fitness":[42,64],"applications,":[43],"Runkeeper":[46],"Strava,":[48],"utilize":[49],"the":[50,90,110,121,124,143,154,170,175,184,190,194,229],"information":[51,187,268],"for":[52,113],"activity":[53],"tracking":[54],"have":[56,67,270],"recently":[57],"witnessed":[58],"a":[59,131,136,251],"boom":[60],"in":[61],"popularity.":[62],"Those":[63,180],"tracker":[65],"their":[68],"own":[69],"web":[70],"platforms":[71,80,100],"allow":[73,102],"users":[74,93,103],"to":[75,104,145,152,189,192,258],"activities":[77],"on":[78],"or":[81,172],"even":[82],"other":[84],"social":[85],"network":[86],"platforms.":[87],"To":[88,158],"preserve":[89],"privacy":[91,273],"while":[94],"allowing":[95],"sharing,":[96],"several":[97],"those":[99],"may":[101,269],"disclose":[105],"partial":[106],"information,":[107],"elevation":[111,147,202,224,267],"profile":[112],"an":[114],"activity,":[115],"which":[116,146,169],"supposedly":[117],"would":[118],"not":[119],"leak":[120],"location":[122,155,272],"users.":[125,157],"In":[126],"this":[127,160],"work,":[128],"cautionary":[132],"tale,":[133],"we":[134,141,162,209,227],"create":[135],"proof":[137],"concept":[139],"where":[140],"examine":[142],"extent":[144],"profiles":[148],"be":[150,178],"used":[151],"predict":[153],"tackle":[159],"problem,":[161],"devise":[163,210],"three":[164],"plausible":[165],"threat":[166,181],"settings":[167,182],"under":[168],"city":[171],"borough":[173],"targets":[176],"predicted.":[179],"define":[183],"amount":[185],"available":[188],"adversary":[191],"launch":[193],"prediction":[195,252],"attacks.":[196],"Establishing":[197],"that":[198,265],"simple":[199],"features":[200],"profiles,":[203,225],"e.g.,":[204],"spectral":[205],"features,":[206],"are":[207,262],"insufficient,":[208],"both":[211,241],"natural":[212],"language":[213],"processing":[214],"(NLP)-inspired":[215],"text-like":[216],"representation":[217,222],"computer":[219],"vision-inspired":[220],"image-like":[221],"convert":[228],"problem":[230],"at":[231],"hand":[232],"into":[233],"text":[234],"image":[236],"classification":[237],"problem.":[238],"We":[239],"traditional":[242],"machine":[243],"learning-":[244],"deep":[246],"learning-based":[247],"techniques":[248],"achieve":[250],"success":[253],"rate":[254],"ranging":[255],"from":[256],"59.59%":[257],"99.80%.":[259],"findings":[261],"alarming,":[263],"highlighting":[264],"sharing":[266],"significant":[271],"risks.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
