{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286579597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3193165","title":"Vehicloak: A Blockchain-Enabled Privacy-Preserving Payment Scheme for Location-Based Vehicular Services","display_name":"Vehicloak: A Blockchain-Enabled Privacy-Preserving Payment Scheme for Location-Based Vehicular Services","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286579597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3193165"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3193165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3193165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101450009","display_name":"Yihao Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-6002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yihao Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R.China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043935709","display_name":"Zhiguo Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1319-1224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011853980","display_name":"Hui Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5820-2233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Discipline of Information Technology, Mathematics, and Statistics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia","Data61, CSIRO, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discipline of Information Technology, Mathematics, and Statistics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, CSIRO, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100692488","display_name":"Xiuzhen Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5912-4647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuzhen Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R.China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042212040","display_name":"Falko Dressler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1989-1750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Falko Dressler","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, TU Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, TU Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101450009"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.0154,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97041469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9534000158309937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9370999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8284480571746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.7495324015617371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7212269306182861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.6878118515014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.564552903175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5363442301750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-signature","display_name":"Group signature","score":0.5210018754005432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signature","display_name":"Digital signature","score":0.4344891905784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.4250185191631317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4097493588924408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.39564624428749084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.39345604181289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13809427618980408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.10916957259178162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09885293245315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.09035170078277588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8284480571746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.7495324015617371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7212269306182861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.6878118515014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.564552903175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5363442301750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148408913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5611269","display_name":"Group signature","level":4,"score":0.5210018754005432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118463975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220849","display_name":"Digital signature","level":3,"score":0.4344891905784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.4250185191631317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4097493588924408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.39564624428749084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.39345604181289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13809427618980408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.10916957259178162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09885293245315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.09035170078277588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3193165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3193165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au:65626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/65626/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400274","display_name":"Murdoch Research Repository (Murdoch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","host_organization_name":"Murdoch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"  Guo, Y., Wan, Z., Cui, H. &lt;https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/view/author/Cui, Hui.html&gt;ORCID: 0000-0002-5820-2233 &lt;http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5820-2233&gt;, Cheng, X. and Dressler, F.   (2022)  Vehicloak: A blockchain-enabled privacy-preserving payment scheme for location-based vehicular services.     IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing .   Early Access.  ","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576697148","https://openalex.org/W1588782201","https://openalex.org/W1825165655","https://openalex.org/W1929168187","https://openalex.org/W2018746447","https://openalex.org/W2038517014","https://openalex.org/W2043007983","https://openalex.org/W2085759780","https://openalex.org/W2134585683","https://openalex.org/W2272053597","https://openalex.org/W2496543269","https://openalex.org/W2794982701","https://openalex.org/W2914797198","https://openalex.org/W2949726555","https://openalex.org/W2962798563","https://openalex.org/W2978282230","https://openalex.org/W3004640641","https://openalex.org/W3008903182","https://openalex.org/W3043762149","https://openalex.org/W3080727287","https://openalex.org/W3088182571","https://openalex.org/W3090834155","https://openalex.org/W3105392356","https://openalex.org/W3130918512","https://openalex.org/W3136734347","https://openalex.org/W3158560939","https://openalex.org/W3170118407","https://openalex.org/W3209359381","https://openalex.org/W4205092462","https://openalex.org/W4210288541","https://openalex.org/W4210498039","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4245940664","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6635276603","https://openalex.org/W6638595616","https://openalex.org/W6640465341","https://openalex.org/W6694110696","https://openalex.org/W6768415072","https://openalex.org/W6786249617","https://openalex.org/W6803353649"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974895476","https://openalex.org/W2126213311","https://openalex.org/W2049411238","https://openalex.org/W1997751119","https://openalex.org/W2350215162","https://openalex.org/W3082967883","https://openalex.org/W4256553093","https://openalex.org/W2382634619","https://openalex.org/W2022848027","https://openalex.org/W254439514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,95,197],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,173,183,203],"Vehicles":[3],"(IoV)":[4],"technology":[5],"enables":[6],"vehicles":[7,104],"to":[8,19,73,99,141,159,194],"communicate":[9],"with":[10,13,16,130,192],"each":[11],"other,":[12],"pedestrians":[14],"and":[15,24,40,54,148,161,188],"roadside":[17],"infrastructures,":[18],"realize":[20],"more":[21,25],"efficient,":[22],"safer":[23],"environmentally":[26],"friendly":[27],"transportation.":[28],"IoV":[29,89,160],"also":[30],"promises":[31],"rich":[32],"location-based":[33,47],"services":[34],"for":[35,46,65,88,103],"vehicles,":[36],"such":[37],"as":[38,51],"parking":[39],"toll":[41],"highway.":[42],"However,":[43],"preserving":[44],"privacy":[45,71,102],"service":[48,108],"payments":[49,109],"emerges":[50],"a":[52,81,120,138,180,190],"critical":[53],"challenging":[55],"problem":[56],"in":[57,69,137,165],"IoV.":[58],"Existing":[59],"schemes":[60],"rely":[61],"on":[62,91,179,186],"centralized":[63,74],"banks":[64],"payment":[66,84,167],"processing,":[67],"resulting":[68],"location":[70,101,153],"leakage":[72],"entities.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77,116,135],"paper,":[78],"we":[79,118,176],"propose":[80],"decentralized":[82],"privacy-preserving":[83],"scheme":[85],"named":[86],"Vehicloak":[87,133,178],"based":[90],"the":[92,111,171,201],"blockchain":[93,182],"technology.":[94],"biggest":[96],"challenge":[97],"is":[98,156],"provide":[100],"while":[105],"guaranteeing":[106],"correct":[107],"using":[110],"transparent":[112],"blockchain.":[113],"To":[114,169],"tackle":[115],"challenge,":[117],"introduce":[119],"new":[121],"cryptographic":[122],"technique":[123,136],"called":[124],"zk-GSigproof":[125],"that":[126],"integrates":[127],"zero-knowledge":[128,146],"proof":[129,147],"group":[131,149],"signature.":[132],"implements":[134],"smart":[139],"contract":[140],"process":[142],"payment,":[143],"which":[144],"verifies":[145],"signature":[150],"without":[151],"leaking":[152],"information.":[154],"It":[155],"not":[157],"limited":[158],"can":[162],"be":[163],"applied":[164],"many":[166],"scenarios.":[168],"evaluate":[170],"performance":[172],"our":[174],"scheme,":[175],"implement":[177],"private":[181],"100":[184],"nodes":[185],"Aliyun,":[187],"conduct":[189],"test":[191],"up":[193],"4,000":[195],"transactions.":[196],"experimental":[198],"results":[199],"prove":[200],"feasibility":[202],"Vehicloak.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
