{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285248638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3174816","title":"Channel-Equalization-HAR: A Light-weight Convolutional Neural Network for Wearable Sensor Based Human Activity Recognition","display_name":"Channel-Equalization-HAR: A Light-weight Convolutional Neural Network for Wearable Sensor Based Human Activity Recognition","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285248638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3174816"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3174816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3174816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007736553","display_name":"Wenbo Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-1172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbo Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 12534 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 12534 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076127071","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8749-7459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 12534 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 12534 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005207362","display_name":"Hao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-9281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science, Yunnan University, 12635 Kunming, Yunnan, China, 650091"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science, Yunnan University, 12635 Kunming, Yunnan, China, 650091","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075406368","display_name":"Fuhong Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7826-3124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuhong Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 12534 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 12534 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048327458","display_name":"Aiguo Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-6780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aiguo Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, 12579 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, 12579 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5594,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":109,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98982995,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7880153656005859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6204846501350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.5531823635101318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-recognition","display_name":"Activity recognition","score":0.551962673664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5337185859680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5105236768722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.49830079078674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generality","display_name":"Generality","score":0.4960683286190033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.4448344111442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decorrelation","display_name":"Decorrelation","score":0.42742496728897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4208006262779236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3597005605697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3392546772956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3332921266555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.18574199080467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.1457151472568512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.1357896327972412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7880153656005859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6204846501350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5531823635101318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.551962673664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5337185859680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5105236768722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.49830079078674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780767217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532421","display_name":"Generality","level":2,"score":0.4960683286190033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.4448344111442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177860922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788608","display_name":"Decorrelation","level":2,"score":0.42742496728897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4208006262779236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3597005605697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3392546772956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3332921266555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18574199080467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.1457151472568512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.1357896327972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3174816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3174816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4279245431","display_name":"\u9762\u5411Web API\u6316\u6398\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6784\u5efa\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61962061","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1857382374","https://openalex.org/W2012557818","https://openalex.org/W2017634428","https://openalex.org/W2023302299","https://openalex.org/W2026297770","https://openalex.org/W2126511896","https://openalex.org/W2145343602","https://openalex.org/W2156387975","https://openalex.org/W2270470215","https://openalex.org/W2292729293","https://openalex.org/W2342792048","https://openalex.org/W2502312327","https://openalex.org/W2555209581","https://openalex.org/W2604630936","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2759690896","https://openalex.org/W2785648721","https://openalex.org/W2787825417","https://openalex.org/W2789868604","https://openalex.org/W2793350103","https://openalex.org/W2794045421","https://openalex.org/W2894702700","https://openalex.org/W2908273910","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2962851801","https://openalex.org/W2963136565","https://openalex.org/W2963363373","https://openalex.org/W2963743626","https://openalex.org/W2963855167","https://openalex.org/W2965144482","https://openalex.org/W2973179566","https://openalex.org/W2981850489","https://openalex.org/W2982220924","https://openalex.org/W2990248977","https://openalex.org/W3006387314","https://openalex.org/W3021673939","https://openalex.org/W3030949666","https://openalex.org/W3034950896","https://openalex.org/W3035033099","https://openalex.org/W3046349935","https://openalex.org/W3049146908","https://openalex.org/W3058137675","https://openalex.org/W3153149826","https://openalex.org/W3153312280","https://openalex.org/W3166187222","https://openalex.org/W3173400793","https://openalex.org/W3173506890","https://openalex.org/W3176629891","https://openalex.org/W3192906743","https://openalex.org/W3207497010","https://openalex.org/W4250482878","https://openalex.org/W4293568472","https://openalex.org/W6637242042","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6639065193","https://openalex.org/W6682889407","https://openalex.org/W6685802191","https://openalex.org/W6697265621","https://openalex.org/W6704286305","https://openalex.org/W6724804524","https://openalex.org/W6748097816","https://openalex.org/W6748381273","https://openalex.org/W6770249488","https://openalex.org/W6774136036","https://openalex.org/W6780226713"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604939135","https://openalex.org/W2045049461","https://openalex.org/W2127058578","https://openalex.org/W1978893398","https://openalex.org/W2098040275","https://openalex.org/W2735368845","https://openalex.org/W2201908702","https://openalex.org/W4381094582","https://openalex.org/W2117913171","https://openalex.org/W2582769230"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"human":[1],"activity":[2],"recognition":[3],"(HAR)":[4],"that":[5,160],"uses":[6],"wearable":[7],"sensors":[8],"has":[9,101],"become":[10],"a":[11,76,97,106],"research":[12],"hotspot":[13],"because":[14],"its":[15],"wide":[16],"applications":[17],"in":[18,51,186],"real-world":[19],"scenarios.":[20],"Essentially,":[21],"HAR":[22,53,156,188],"can":[23],"be":[24,184],"treated":[25],"as":[26],"multi-channel":[27],"time":[28,182],"series":[29],"classification":[30],"problem,":[31],"where":[32,80],"different":[33],"channels":[34,82,87,130,140],"may":[35],"come":[36],"from":[37],"heterogeneous":[38],"sensor":[39,69],"modalities.":[40],"Deep":[41],"learning,":[42],"especially":[43],"convolutional":[44],"neural":[45],"networks":[46,61],"(CNNs)":[47],"have":[48],"made":[49],"breakthroughs":[50],"ubiquitous":[52],"scenario.":[54,189],"Various":[55],"normalization":[56,72],"methods":[57],"enable":[58],"layers":[59],"of":[60],"to":[62,74,94,102,126,141,146,183],"learn":[63],"more":[64,143],"independently":[65],"by":[66,131],"normalizing":[67],"hybrid":[68],"features.":[70],"However,":[71],"tends":[73],"produce":[75],"channel":[77],"collapse":[78],"phenomenon,":[79],"many":[81],"generates":[83],"tiny":[84],"values.":[85],"Most":[86],"are":[88,151],"inhibited":[89,129],"and":[90],"contribute":[91,142],"very":[92],"little":[93],"output.":[95],"As":[96],"result,":[98],"the":[99,113,161,175,180,191],"network":[100],"rely":[103],"on":[104,153,196],"only":[105],"few":[107],"valid":[108],"channels,":[109],"which":[110,137,158],"inevitably":[111],"impair":[112],"generality":[114],"ability.":[115],"In":[116],"this":[117],"paper,":[118],"we":[119],"provide":[120],"an":[121,197],"alternative":[122],"called":[123],"Channel":[124,176],"Equalization":[125,177],"reactivate":[127],"these":[128],"performing":[132],"whitening":[133],"or":[134,144],"decorrelation":[135],"operation,":[136],"compels":[138],"all":[139],"less":[145],"feature":[147],"representation.":[148],"Extensive":[149],"experiments":[150],"conducted":[152],"several":[154],"public":[155],"benchmarks,":[157],"indicate":[159],"proposed":[162],"method":[163],"significantly":[164],"surpasses":[165],"recent":[166],"SOTA":[167],"at":[168],"negligible":[169],"computational":[170],"overhead.":[171],"To":[172],"our":[173],"knowledge,":[174],"is":[178,194],"for":[179],"first":[181],"applied":[185],"multimodal":[187],"Finally,":[190],"actual":[192],"operation":[193],"evaluated":[195],"embedded":[198],"platform.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}