{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202260726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166785","title":"A Deep Dive into the Accuracy of IP Geolocation Databases and its Impact on Online Advertising","display_name":"A Deep Dive into the Accuracy of IP Geolocation Databases and its Impact on Online Advertising","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202260726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166785","mag":"3202260726"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3166785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.13665","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030782244","display_name":"Patricia Callejo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-6213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patricia Callejo","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC3M-Santander Big Data Institute, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC3M-Santander Big Data Institute, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059416594","display_name":"Marco Gramaglia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9494-1853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Gramaglia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070487234","display_name":"Rub\u00e9n Cuevas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-8360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rub\u00e9n Cuevas","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC3M-Santander Big Data Institute, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC3M-Santander Big Data Institute, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102023207","display_name":"\u221a\u00c5ngel Cuevas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-0820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c1ngel Cuevas","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC3M-Santander Big Data Institute, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC3M-Santander Big Data Institute, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030782244"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2039,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97260598,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"8","first_page":"4359","last_page":"4373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geolocation","display_name":"Geolocation","score":0.9011896848678589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.784787654876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-advertising","display_name":"Online advertising","score":0.59297114610672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5790761709213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5612772703170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.46711644530296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.4305022358894348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.39309170842170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3621702790260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3483350872993469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11279141902923584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22041718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638949","display_name":"Geolocation","level":2,"score":0.9011896848678589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.784787654876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512338625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624902","display_name":"Online advertising","level":3,"score":0.59297114610672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5790761709213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5612772703170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.46711644530296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.4305022358894348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.39309170842170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3621702790260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3483350872993469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11279141902923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3166785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.13665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.13665","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.13665","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:e-archivo.uc3m.es:10016/37709","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10016/37709","pdf_url":"https://e-archivo.uc3m.es/bitstreams/def52a40-f17d-4681-ab08-ce654d43ce17/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400817","display_name":"e-Archivo (Carlos III University of Madrid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","host_organization_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.13665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.13665","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.13665","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1643949827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2262748287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G24111466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019-104207RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2601397997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G300979063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3025668325","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3384657666","display_name":"PIMCITY: BUILDING THE NEXT GENERATION PERSONAL DATA PLATFORMS","funder_award_id":"871370","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3480869486","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3650733657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NextGenerationEU","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3681454997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4042783231","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4126322094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4258564617","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Union-NextGenerationEU","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G451917667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080475149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5106157087","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019-104207RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5404998627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Chair","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5967599077","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6014534120","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101019206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6122222817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"COVID-19","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6167112644","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"REACT-EU","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G661330594","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"00110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6685425346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6823456974","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7084143925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7266728691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7535663061","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8051717526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8130184278","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8260616629","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8570012161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8638682022","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/50110001103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8684520763","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8800787331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"REACT-EU","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323770","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116465461","https://openalex.org/W845431725","https://openalex.org/W1536198084","https://openalex.org/W1559408176","https://openalex.org/W1921253414","https://openalex.org/W2009217060","https://openalex.org/W2048212067","https://openalex.org/W2072334238","https://openalex.org/W2089022340","https://openalex.org/W2092470474","https://openalex.org/W2130850880","https://openalex.org/W2554791272","https://openalex.org/W2563786350","https://openalex.org/W2566604671","https://openalex.org/W2757128688","https://openalex.org/W2768480737","https://openalex.org/W2803137939","https://openalex.org/W2902322559","https://openalex.org/W2972274494","https://openalex.org/W3110106825","https://openalex.org/W3130741474","https://openalex.org/W3212153418","https://openalex.org/W4235176906","https://openalex.org/W4254492008","https://openalex.org/W4300926135","https://openalex.org/W6731628620","https://openalex.org/W6767497768","https://openalex.org/W6803784828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163194970","https://openalex.org/W3105229732","https://openalex.org/W2799094075","https://openalex.org/W2883256816","https://openalex.org/W2892370851","https://openalex.org/W2187946387","https://openalex.org/W2052024186","https://openalex.org/W2939141610","https://openalex.org/W2171408034","https://openalex.org/W3003320923"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,66],"quest":[1],"for":[2,91,163],"every":[3],"time":[4],"more":[5],"personalized":[6],"Internet":[7,130,168],"experience":[8],"relies":[9],"on":[10,64,82],"the":[11,25,48,76,79,96,104,107,118,134,153,164,167,180,188],"enriched":[12],"contextual":[13],"information":[14,27,33,42,138],"about":[15],"each":[16],"user.":[17],"Online":[18],"advertising":[19,29,51,84],"also":[20],"follows":[21],"this":[22,41,69,88,100,184],"approach.":[23],"Among":[24],"context":[26],"that":[28,87,109,178],"stakeholders":[30,52],"leverage,":[31],"location":[32],"is":[34,43,110],"certainly":[35],"one":[36,114],"of":[37,68,95,120,136,143,155,166,183],"them.":[38],"However,":[39],"when":[40],"not":[44],"directly":[45],"available":[46],"from":[47,112],"end":[49],"users,":[50],"infer":[53],"it":[54],"using":[55,139],"geolocation":[56,131,169],"databases,":[57,132,157],"matching":[58],"IP":[59],"addresses":[60],"to":[61],"a":[62,92,140,159,192],"position":[63],"earth.":[65],"accuracy":[67],"approach":[70],"has":[71],"often":[72],"been":[73],"questioned":[74],"in":[75,106],"past:":[77],"however,":[78],"reality":[80],"check":[81],"an":[83,175],"stakeholder":[85],"shows":[86],"technique":[89],"accounts":[90],"large":[93],"fraction":[94],"served":[97],"advertisements.":[98],"In":[99],"paper,":[101],"we":[102,173],"revisit":[103],"work":[105],"field,":[108],"mostly":[111],"almost":[113],"decade":[115],"ago,":[116],"through":[117],"lenses":[119],"big":[121],"data.":[122],"More":[123],"specifically,":[124],"we,":[125],"i)":[126],"benchmark":[127],"two":[128],"commercial":[129],"evaluate":[133],"quality":[135,165],"their":[137],"ground-truth":[141],"database":[142],"user":[144],"positions":[145],"containing":[146],"over":[147],"2":[148],"billion":[149],"samples,":[150],"ii)":[151],"analyze":[152],"internals":[154],"these":[156],"devising":[158],"theoretical":[160],"upper":[161],"bound":[162],"approach,":[170],"and":[171],"iii)":[172],"run":[174],"empirical":[176],"study":[177],"unveils":[179],"monetary":[181],"impact":[182],"technology":[185],"by":[186],"considering":[187],"costs":[189],"associated":[190],"with":[191],"real-world":[193],"ad":[194],"impressions":[195],"dataset.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}
