{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3035208190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166454","title":"BubbleMap: Privilege Mapping for Behavior-Based Implicit Authentication Systems","display_name":"BubbleMap: Privilege Mapping for Behavior-Based Implicit Authentication Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3035208190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166454","mag":"3035208190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3166454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166454","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7755/4358975/09755035.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7755/4358975/09755035.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034326994","display_name":"Yingyuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2464-2123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802706902","display_name":"Knoxville College","ror":"https://ror.org/02bxrp522","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802706902"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79884896","display_name":"University of Illinois at Springfield","ror":"https://ror.org/0126qma51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79884896"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yingyuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Springfield, IL, USA","EECS, University of Tennessee Knoxville College of Engineering, 122608 Knoxville, Tennessee, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Springfield, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79884896"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECS, University of Tennessee Knoxville College of Engineering, 122608 Knoxville, Tennessee, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802706902","https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102051860","display_name":"Xueli Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84392919","display_name":"Temple University","ror":"https://ror.org/00kx1jb78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84392919"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueli Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","CIS, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19123"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84392919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIS, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19123","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84392919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101687906","display_name":"Jiangnan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-8942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangnan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","EECS, University of Tennessee, 4285 Knoxville, Tennessee, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECS, University of Tennessee, 4285 Knoxville, Tennessee, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101276097","display_name":"Jinyuan Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyuan Stella Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034326994"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802706902","https://openalex.org/I75027704","https://openalex.org/I79884896"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5941,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85991248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"8","first_page":"4548","last_page":"4562"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8816459774971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6879683136940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5629420280456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-paradox","display_name":"False positive paradox","score":0.5373209118843079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.5286380052566528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5038594603538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.4143916964530945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.38348934054374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.21309319138526917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21135848760604858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8816459774971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6879683136940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5629420280456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.5373209118843079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.5286380052566528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5038594603538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.4143916964530945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.38348934054374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.21309319138526917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21135848760604858}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3166454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166454","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7755/4358975/09755035.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3166454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3166454","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7755/4358975/09755035.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1396313022","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6270-CS","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2658037980","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1422665","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3238057898","display_name":"CSR: Small: Collaborative Research: CAM: A Cloud-Assisted mHealth Monitoring System","funder_award_id":"1422665","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5102497249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"66270-CS","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7065624802","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1422665","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035208190.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035208190.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W98188630","https://openalex.org/W156428143","https://openalex.org/W1161362811","https://openalex.org/W1492832934","https://openalex.org/W1524229024","https://openalex.org/W1536367493","https://openalex.org/W1572369853","https://openalex.org/W1585529040","https://openalex.org/W1590824348","https://openalex.org/W1618905105","https://openalex.org/W1724737952","https://openalex.org/W1873414311","https://openalex.org/W1885783790","https://openalex.org/W1976081290","https://openalex.org/W1978628828","https://openalex.org/W1979834178","https://openalex.org/W2007999111","https://openalex.org/W2037840628","https://openalex.org/W2038790378","https://openalex.org/W2055389916","https://openalex.org/W2073974709","https://openalex.org/W2081633971","https://openalex.org/W2098166026","https://openalex.org/W2101398440","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2113925088","https://openalex.org/W2115973169","https://openalex.org/W2129793529","https://openalex.org/W2140959843","https://openalex.org/W2145938889","https://openalex.org/W2145985203","https://openalex.org/W2146178631","https://openalex.org/W2149786941","https://openalex.org/W2151373013","https://openalex.org/W2151854612","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2154765153","https://openalex.org/W2157604883","https://openalex.org/W2164675859","https://openalex.org/W2293480925","https://openalex.org/W2325135768","https://openalex.org/W2396609477","https://openalex.org/W2404603298","https://openalex.org/W2468988960","https://openalex.org/W2484628184","https://openalex.org/W2561577757","https://openalex.org/W2597924396","https://openalex.org/W2763356149","https://openalex.org/W2899726877","https://openalex.org/W2954478800","https://openalex.org/W2963778754","https://openalex.org/W2975461012","https://openalex.org/W3130845049","https://openalex.org/W4244888967","https://openalex.org/W4249348003","https://openalex.org/W4301888057","https://openalex.org/W6604091132","https://openalex.org/W6629279466","https://openalex.org/W6631497984","https://openalex.org/W6636501900","https://openalex.org/W6639159786","https://openalex.org/W6681158678","https://openalex.org/W6712644721","https://openalex.org/W6713486973"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W143386018","https://openalex.org/W2429057255","https://openalex.org/W2187546663","https://openalex.org/W148745890","https://openalex.org/W4389670110","https://openalex.org/W1004582678","https://openalex.org/W2611942503","https://openalex.org/W1557094818","https://openalex.org/W4315621326","https://openalex.org/W1485853333"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Leveraging":[0],"users'":[1,69],"behavioral":[2,35],"data":[3],"sampled":[4],"by":[5],"various":[6],"sensors":[7],"during":[8],"the":[9,64,111,118,144,153,160],"identification":[10],"process,":[11],"implicit":[12],"authentication":[13],"(IA)":[14],"relieves":[15],"users":[16],"from":[17,50,138],"explicit":[18],"actions":[19],"such":[20,39],"as":[21,40,107,109],"remembering":[22],"and":[23,36,43,58,72,102,163],"entering":[24],"passwords.":[25],"Various":[26],"IA":[27,47,93,127,154],"schemes":[28,48],"have":[29],"been":[30],"proposed":[31,119],"based":[32],"on":[33,124,171],"different":[34],"contextual":[37],"features":[38],"gait,":[41],"touch,":[42],"GPS.":[44],"However,":[45],"existing":[46,92],"suffer":[49],"false":[51,59,100,105],"positives,":[52],"i.e.,":[53,61],"falsely":[54,62],"accepting":[55],"an":[56,132],"adversary,":[57],"negatives,":[60],"rejecting":[63],"legitimate":[65],"user":[66],"due":[67],"to":[68,95,140],"behavior":[70],"change":[71],"noise.":[73],"To":[74,116],"deal":[75],"with":[76,165],"this":[77],"problem,":[78],"we":[79,121],"propose":[80],"BubbleMap":[81],"(BMap),":[82],"a":[83,135,166],"framework":[84],"that":[85,148],"can":[86,150],"be":[87],"seamlessly":[88],"incorporated":[89],"into":[90],"any":[91],"system":[94],"balance":[96],"between":[97],"security":[98],"(reducing":[99,104],"positives)":[101],"usability":[103],"negatives)":[106],"well":[108],"reducing":[110],"equal":[112],"error":[113],"rate":[114],"(EER).":[115],"evaluate":[117],"framework,":[120],"implemented":[122],"BMap":[123,149],"five":[125],"state-of-the-art":[126],"systems.":[128],"We":[129],"also":[130],"conducted":[131],"experiment":[133],"in":[134,157],"real-world":[136],"environment":[137],"2016":[139],"2020.":[141],"Most":[142],"of":[143,159,169],"experimental":[145],"results":[146],"show":[147],"greatly":[151],"enhance":[152],"schemes'":[155],"performances":[156],"terms":[158],"EER,":[161],"security,":[162],"usability,":[164],"small":[167],"amount":[168],"penalty":[170],"energy":[172],"consumption.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
