{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210446284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3141115","title":"Single-Target Real-Time Passive WiFi Tracking","display_name":"Single-Target Real-Time Passive WiFi Tracking","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210446284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3141115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3141115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3141115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034220593","display_name":"Zhongqin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-9540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongqin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-9540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100706723","display_name":"J. Andrew Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6102-3762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Andrew Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6102-3762","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413849","display_name":"Min Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9581-8849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9581-8849","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017544512","display_name":"Y. Jay Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-9682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Jay Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Big Data Technologies Centre, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-9682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Big Data Technologies Centre, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.166,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87547537,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"6","first_page":"3724","last_page":"3742"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7038924694061279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.6117344498634338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.5901549458503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.49507322907447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4680369198322296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.43778687715530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.4244108200073242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.36623862385749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20196673274040222}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7038924694061279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.6117344498634338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.5901549458503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.49507322907447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4680369198322296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.43778687715530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.4244108200073242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.36623862385749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20196673274040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2022.3141115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2022.3141115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4873269393","display_name":"Creating a Perceptive Mobile Network Using Joint Communication and Sensing","funder_award_id":"DP210101411","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331403","display_name":"NSW Defence Innovation Network","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585879837","https://openalex.org/W1666724740","https://openalex.org/W1983301216","https://openalex.org/W2015155523","https://openalex.org/W2109519180","https://openalex.org/W2136172079","https://openalex.org/W2168821867","https://openalex.org/W2307851164","https://openalex.org/W2309512289","https://openalex.org/W2509382177","https://openalex.org/W2526606216","https://openalex.org/W2611241975","https://openalex.org/W2736051620","https://openalex.org/W2743524224","https://openalex.org/W2755767288","https://openalex.org/W2761238645","https://openalex.org/W2762232490","https://openalex.org/W2764026391","https://openalex.org/W2765388466","https://openalex.org/W2799062425","https://openalex.org/W2827033964","https://openalex.org/W2865154361","https://openalex.org/W2915792836","https://openalex.org/W2917005499","https://openalex.org/W2934563761","https://openalex.org/W2944172587","https://openalex.org/W2949860773","https://openalex.org/W2954305199","https://openalex.org/W2963539531","https://openalex.org/W2964988056","https://openalex.org/W2972568818","https://openalex.org/W2991206045","https://openalex.org/W3011762860","https://openalex.org/W3012910746","https://openalex.org/W3021587713","https://openalex.org/W3021789920","https://openalex.org/W3047450415","https://openalex.org/W3084526623","https://openalex.org/W3127646665","https://openalex.org/W3167138498","https://openalex.org/W3200820186","https://openalex.org/W6635170509","https://openalex.org/W6637178039","https://openalex.org/W6676045232","https://openalex.org/W6698302138","https://openalex.org/W6759430831"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4249165909","https://openalex.org/W2117255793","https://openalex.org/W2113805088","https://openalex.org/W3188388194","https://openalex.org/W4244023365","https://openalex.org/W4311591647","https://openalex.org/W4390195751","https://openalex.org/W2059045613","https://openalex.org/W4250215096","https://openalex.org/W2621132540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Device-free":[0],"human":[1,24,131,146],"tracking":[2,14,48,182],"is":[3,157],"an":[4],"essential":[5],"ingredient":[6],"for":[7,149],"ubiquitous":[8],"wireless":[9],"sensing.":[10],"Recent":[11],"passive":[12,47],"WiFi":[13,58],"systems":[15],"face":[16],"the":[17,62,91,125,161,168],"challenges":[18],"of":[19,22,29,93,137,188],"inaccurate":[20],"separation":[21],"dynamic":[23,130],"components":[25,132],"and":[26,73,145,166],"time-consuming":[27],"estimation":[28],"multi-dimensional":[30],"signal":[31],"parameters.":[32],"In":[33,151],"this":[34],"work,":[35],"we":[36,96,123],"present":[37],"a":[38,67,70,74,112,118,153,184],"scheme":[39,81],"namedWiFiDopplerFrequencyShift":[40],"(WiDFS),":[41],"which":[42],"can":[43,82,179],"achieve":[44,180],"single-target":[45],"real-time":[46,181],"using":[49],"channel":[50],"state":[51],"information":[52],"(CSI)":[53],"collected":[54],"from":[55,133],"commercial-off-the-shelf":[56],"(COTS)":[57],"devices.":[59],"We":[60,106],"consider":[61],"typical":[63],"system":[64],"setup":[65],"including":[66],"transmitter":[68],"with":[69,76,183],"single":[71],"antenna":[72,104],"receiver":[75],"three":[77],"antennas;":[78],"while":[79],"our":[80],"be":[83],"readily":[84],"extended":[85],"to":[86,110,128,159],"another":[87],"setup.":[88],"To":[89],"remove":[90],"impact":[92],"transceiver":[94],"asynchronization,":[95],"first":[97],"apply":[98],"CSI":[99,134],"cross-correlation":[100],"between":[101,163,172],"each":[102,138],"RX":[103,164],"pair.":[105],"then":[107],"combine":[108],"them":[109],"estimate":[111,127],"Doppler":[113],"frequency":[114],"shift":[115],"(DFS)":[116],"in":[117,191],"short-time":[119],"window.":[120],"After":[121],"that,":[122],"leverage":[124],"DFS":[126],"separate":[129],"self-correlation":[135],"terms":[136],"antenna,":[139],"thereby":[140],"separately":[141],"calculating":[142],"angle-of-arrival":[143],"(AoA)":[144],"reflection":[147],"distance":[148],"tracking.":[150],"addition,":[152],"hardware":[154],"calibration":[155],"algorithm":[156],"presented":[158],"refine":[160],"spacing":[162],"antennas":[165],"eliminate":[167],"hardware-related":[169],"phase":[170],"differences":[171],"them.":[173],"A":[174],"prototype":[175],"demonstrates":[176],"that":[177],"WiDFS":[178],"median":[185],"position":[186],"error":[187],"72.32":[189],"cm":[190],"multipath-rich":[192],"environments.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}