{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207826056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2021.3121332","title":"A Portable and Convenient System for Unknown Liquid Identification With Smartphone Vibration","display_name":"A Portable and Convenient System for Unknown Liquid Identification With Smartphone Vibration","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207826056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2021.3121332","mag":"3207826056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2021.3121332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2021.3121332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101406217","display_name":"Yongzhi Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3728-3502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongzhi Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101757192","display_name":"Kaixin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7752-5276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaixin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074999536","display_name":"Yandao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7547-3038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yandao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100364381","display_name":"Lu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6345-3873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001188748","display_name":"Kaishun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2216-0737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159029","display_name":"Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05cvbj479","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I4210159029"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaishun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","PCL Research Center of Networks and Communications, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159029","https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PCL Research Center of Networks and Communications, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101406217"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7642,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6811821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"4","first_page":"1894","last_page":"1911"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10412","display_name":"Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10412","display_name":"Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9732000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7464455962181091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6200157999992371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.5057661533355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.48871707916259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.45333749055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.39814019203186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.33877769112586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.21997028589248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.10732665657997131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7464455962181091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6200157999992371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.5057661533355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.48871707916259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.45333749055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.39814019203186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.33877769112586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.21997028589248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.10732665657997131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2021.3121332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2021.3121332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-126673","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-126673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1170000390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2001207","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2158883000","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872246","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4291092053","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.2019KCXTD005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5084338692","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019B020209001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335795","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5544814716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. ZDSYS20190902092853047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","funder_display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6819254342","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017A030312008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7791866902","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019B111103001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335795","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8812220829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327806","display_name":"Tip-top Scientific and Technical Innovative Youth Talents of Guangdong Special Support Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335795","display_name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565774502","https://openalex.org/W1965630188","https://openalex.org/W1972777810","https://openalex.org/W2007221293","https://openalex.org/W2010394027","https://openalex.org/W2048529677","https://openalex.org/W2055739543","https://openalex.org/W2057633025","https://openalex.org/W2063215609","https://openalex.org/W2076779652","https://openalex.org/W2086330219","https://openalex.org/W2095963564","https://openalex.org/W2119667497","https://openalex.org/W2127271355","https://openalex.org/W2133077649","https://openalex.org/W2139417932","https://openalex.org/W2146200140","https://openalex.org/W2162061026","https://openalex.org/W2166664634","https://openalex.org/W2168880282","https://openalex.org/W2346636727","https://openalex.org/W2402069821","https://openalex.org/W2505672291","https://openalex.org/W2528437738","https://openalex.org/W2538172027","https://openalex.org/W2547567657","https://openalex.org/W2730482441","https://openalex.org/W2756053574","https://openalex.org/W2761676759","https://openalex.org/W2761839414","https://openalex.org/W2792112256","https://openalex.org/W2794018100","https://openalex.org/W2794804810","https://openalex.org/W2874356750","https://openalex.org/W2891020776","https://openalex.org/W2900734216","https://openalex.org/W2910723893","https://openalex.org/W2912490392","https://openalex.org/W2916819880","https://openalex.org/W2917794587","https://openalex.org/W2950465411","https://openalex.org/W2972169329","https://openalex.org/W2982482473","https://openalex.org/W2986375044","https://openalex.org/W2988070101","https://openalex.org/W3021574417","https://openalex.org/W3141334289","https://openalex.org/W3211182031","https://openalex.org/W4241703052","https://openalex.org/W4250715780","https://openalex.org/W6664917194","https://openalex.org/W6703565976"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765080098","https://openalex.org/W2385749422","https://openalex.org/W2355290145","https://openalex.org/W2353465659","https://openalex.org/W2009888974","https://openalex.org/W2355539379","https://openalex.org/W2056341223","https://openalex.org/W3023105672","https://openalex.org/W4231410700","https://openalex.org/W4237770763"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"liquid":[1,36,129,144],"identification":[2],"instruments":[3],"are":[4],"often":[5],"unavailable":[6],"to":[7,45,79,115],"the":[8,14,32,86,117,123,128],"general":[9],"public.":[10],"This":[11],"paper":[12],"shows":[13],"feasibility":[15],"of":[16,101,137,143,149],"identifying":[17],"unknown":[18],"liquids":[19],"with":[20,132,145],"commercial":[21],"lightweight":[22],"devices,":[23],"such":[24],"as":[25],"a":[26,60,82,133],"smartphone.":[27],"The":[28,71],"wisdom":[29],"arises":[30],"from":[31],"fact":[33],"that":[34,63],"different":[35],"molecules":[37],"have":[38],"various":[39],"viscosity":[40,66,130],"coefficients,":[41],"so":[42],"they":[43],"need":[44],"overcome":[46],"dissimilitude":[47],"energy":[48],"barriers":[49],"during":[50],"relative":[51,135],"motion.":[52],"With":[53],"this":[54],"intuition":[55],"in":[56,89],"mind,":[57],"we":[58,106],"introduce":[59],"novel":[61],"model":[62],"measures":[64],"liquids\u2019":[65],"based":[67],"on":[68],"active":[69],"vibration.":[70],"idea":[72],"sounds":[73],"straightforward,":[74],"yet,":[75],"it":[76],"is":[77],"challenging":[78],"build":[80],"up":[81],"robust":[83],"system":[84],"utilizing":[85],"built-in":[87],"accelerometer":[88],"smartphones.":[90],"Practical":[91],"issues":[92,109],"include":[93],"under-sampling,":[94],"self-interference,":[95],"and":[96,120,139],"volume":[97],"change":[98],"impact.":[99],"Instead":[100],"using":[102],"machine":[103],"learning":[104],"techniques,":[105],"tackle":[107],"these":[108],"through":[110],"multiple":[111],"signal":[112],"processing":[113],"stages":[114],"reconstruct":[116],"original":[118],"signals":[119],"cancel":[121],"out":[122],"interference.":[124],"Our":[125],"approach":[126],"achieved":[127],"estimates":[131],"mean":[134],"error":[136],"2.3%":[138],"distinguish":[140],"30":[141],"kinds":[142],"an":[146],"average":[147],"accuracy":[148],"97.33%.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
