{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160384549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2021.3078086","title":"Preventing Sensitive Information Leakage From Mobile Sensor Signals via Integrative Transformation","display_name":"Preventing Sensitive Information Leakage From Mobile Sensor Signals via Integrative Transformation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160384549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2021.3078086","mag":"3160384549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2021.3078086","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2021.3078086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/ac2e9c6e-0b2e-4abe-9f8c-f9a2343adec5","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101753289","display_name":"Dalin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-6544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dalin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-6544","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052731721","display_name":"Lina Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4149-839X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lina Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4149-839X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010775700","display_name":"Kaixuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-0395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaixuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-0395","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061103594","display_name":"Zheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4048-2684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software and TNLIST, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software and TNLIST, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100618900","display_name":"Xin Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7108-3574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Bioscience Research Center, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7108-3574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Bioscience Research Center, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101877973","display_name":"Yunhao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-9200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software and TNLIST, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software and TNLIST, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.848,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74643444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"12","first_page":"4517","last_page":"4528"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7572824954986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.536336362361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-leakage","display_name":"Information leakage","score":0.5109154582023621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.4775596261024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.4359847903251648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35421425104141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3387552797794342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3221237361431122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.26883023977279663}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7572824954986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.536336362361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2775060","display_name":"Information leakage","level":2,"score":0.5109154582023621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.4775596261024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.4359847903251648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35421425104141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3387552797794342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3221237361431122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.26883023977279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2021.3078086","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2021.3078086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/ac2e9c6e-0b2e-4abe-9f8c-f9a2343adec5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/ac2e9c6e-0b2e-4abe-9f8c-f9a2343adec5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhang, D, Yao, L, Chen, K, Yang, Z, Gao, X & Liu, Y 2022, 'Preventing Sensitive Information Leakage from Mobile Sensor Signals via IntegrativeTransformation', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 21, no. 12, 9424974, pp. 4517-4528. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2021.3078086","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ac2e9c6e-0b2e-4abe-9f8c-f9a2343adec5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105870080&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zhang , D , Yao , L , Chen , K , Yang , Z , Gao , X &amp; Liu , Y 2022 , ' Preventing Sensitive Information Leakage from Mobile Sensor Signals via IntegrativeTransformation ' , IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing , vol. 21 , no. 12 , 9424974 , pp. 4517-4528 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2021.3078086","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/669165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/669165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/ac2e9c6e-0b2e-4abe-9f8c-f9a2343adec5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/ac2e9c6e-0b2e-4abe-9f8c-f9a2343adec5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhang, D, Yao, L, Chen, K, Yang, Z, Gao, X & Liu, Y 2022, 'Preventing Sensitive Information Leakage from Mobile Sensor Signals via IntegrativeTransformation', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 21, no. 12, 9424974, pp. 4517-4528. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2021.3078086","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1869317358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BAS/1/1624-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5141847693","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"REI/1/0018-01-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8450993626","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"URF/1/4098-01-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8519533326","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"URF/1/3412-01-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313796","display_name":"Innovationsfonden","ror":"https://ror.org/00daj4111"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22482183","https://openalex.org/W1005811612","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1575873342","https://openalex.org/W1998667615","https://openalex.org/W2054780155","https://openalex.org/W2077884493","https://openalex.org/W2083336803","https://openalex.org/W2109768653","https://openalex.org/W2135018291","https://openalex.org/W2153576679","https://openalex.org/W2237686084","https://openalex.org/W2283118918","https://openalex.org/W2331128040","https://openalex.org/W2387306914","https://openalex.org/W2501113603","https://openalex.org/W2583638424","https://openalex.org/W2585120197","https://openalex.org/W2604458809","https://openalex.org/W2742051693","https://openalex.org/W2751594996","https://openalex.org/W2789136377","https://openalex.org/W2794816871","https://openalex.org/W2809252504","https://openalex.org/W2810751123","https://openalex.org/W2891267845","https://openalex.org/W2897779630","https://openalex.org/W2944143758","https://openalex.org/W2949837509","https://openalex.org/W2949846184","https://openalex.org/W2963963190","https://openalex.org/W2964080999","https://openalex.org/W2964249867","https://openalex.org/W2964937861","https://openalex.org/W3001316388","https://openalex.org/W3004321912","https://openalex.org/W3039238328","https://openalex.org/W3102326534","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6689548625","https://openalex.org/W6729983426","https://openalex.org/W6752757957","https://openalex.org/W6772938244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3123987581","https://openalex.org/W2358406440","https://openalex.org/W3175365978","https://openalex.org/W4210272022","https://openalex.org/W1844259124","https://openalex.org/W1974440652","https://openalex.org/W1541175715","https://openalex.org/W565993663","https://openalex.org/W2326504464","https://openalex.org/W2096709983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ubiquitous":[0],"mobile":[1],"sensors":[2],"on":[3,130],"human":[4,94,134],"activity":[5,135,171],"recognition":[6,172],"pose":[7],"the":[8,19,64,84,90,138,141,165,168],"threat":[9],"of":[10,66,113,140,167],"leaking":[11],"personal":[12,105],"information":[13,68,86,92,106,115,148],"that":[14],"is":[15,47,87,96],"implicitly":[16],"contained":[17],"within":[18],"time-series":[20],"sensor":[21,70,77],"signals":[22],"and":[23,37,89,156],"can":[24,99,119],"be":[25,100,120],"extracted":[26],"by":[27],"attackers.":[28],"Existing":[29],"protective":[30],"methods":[31],"only":[32],"support":[33],"specific":[34],"sensitive":[35,41,67,85,114,147],"attributes":[36,112],"require":[38],"massive":[39],"relevant":[40],"ground":[42,108],"truth":[43],"for":[44,62,170],"training,":[45],"which":[46],"unfavourable":[48],"to":[49],"users.":[50],"To":[51],"fill":[52],"this":[53],"gap,":[54],"we":[55],"propose":[56],"a":[57,80,124],"novel":[58],"data":[59,78,169],"transformation":[60],"framework":[61,74,143],"prohibiting":[63],"leakage":[65],"from":[69],"data.":[71],"The":[72,127],"proposed":[73],"transforms":[75],"raw":[76],"into":[79],"new":[81],"format,":[82],"where":[83],"hidden":[88,122],"desired":[91],"(e.g.,":[93,116],"activities)":[95],"retained.":[97],"Training":[98],"conducted":[101],"without":[102,163],"using":[103],"any":[104],"as":[107],"truth.":[109],"Meanwhile,":[110],"multiple":[111],"age,":[117],"gender)":[118],"collectively":[121],"through":[123],"one-time":[125],"transformation.":[126],"experimental":[128],"results":[129],"two":[131],"multimodal":[132],"sensor-based":[133],"datasets":[136],"manifest":[137],"feasibility":[139],"presented":[142],"in":[144],"hiding":[145],"users\u2019":[146],"(inference":[149],"MAE":[150],"increases":[151],"<inline-formula><tex-math":[152,160,174],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\sim$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[153,161,175],"2":[154],"times":[155],"inference":[157],"accuracy":[158,177],"degrades":[159],"50%)":[162],"degrading":[164],"usability":[166],"(only":[173],"2%":[176],"degradation).":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
