{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2962839655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2019.2928805","title":"FRCA: A Novel Flexible Routing Computing Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"FRCA: A Novel Flexible Routing Computing Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2962839655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2019.2928805","mag":"2962839655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2019.2928805","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2019.2928805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://napier-repository.worktribe.com/file/1955109/1/%20FRCA%3A%20A%20Novel%20Flexible%20Routing%20Computing%20Approach%20for%20Wireless%20Sensor%20Networks","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100778308","display_name":"Ping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-6252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-6252","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742230","display_name":"Xingfu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1301-3535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingfu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1301-3535","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089032960","display_name":"Ammar Hawbani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1069-3993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ammar Hawbani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1069-3993","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020259868","display_name":"Omar Busaileh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9672-8818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar Busaileh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9672-8818","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061568038","display_name":"Liang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-6850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125904092","display_name":"Shenyang Aerospace University","ror":"https://ror.org/02423gm04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-6850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023246930","display_name":"Ahmed Al\u2010Dubai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-5540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251738","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zjvnn91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Al-Dubai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-5540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100778308"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7175,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93836817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"11","first_page":"2623","last_page":"2639"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8428995609283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.615822970867157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5730844736099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5177463889122009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.49366387724876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.46934378147125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.467492014169693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.35387006402015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18839123845100403}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8428995609283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.615822970867157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5730844736099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5177463889122009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.49366387724876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.46934378147125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.467492014169693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.35387006402015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18839123845100403}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2019.2928805","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2019.2928805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository@napier.ac.uk:1955109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://napier-repository.worktribe.com/file/1955109/1/%20FRCA%3A%20A%20Novel%20Flexible%20Routing%20Computing%20Approach%20for%20Wireless%20Sensor%20Networks","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402591","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:napier-surface.worktribe.com:1955109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1955109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400544","display_name":"Research Output (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository@napier.ac.uk:1955109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://napier-repository.worktribe.com/file/1955109/1/%20FRCA%3A%20A%20Novel%20Flexible%20Routing%20Computing%20Approach%20for%20Wireless%20Sensor%20Networks","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402591","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1132091184","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u53ef\u53d8\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u5f02\u6784\u7f51\u7edc\u90bb\u5c45\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61472382","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1838895457","display_name":"\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f53\u57df\u7f51\u533b\u7597\u611f\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61772490","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2889802256","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61701322","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4150965793","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61472381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7150158621","display_name":"\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0\u4fe1\u9053\u5728\u7d27\u8026\u5408\u79d8\u5bc6\u5171\u4eab\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61572454","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7387564620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"WK2150110012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G883233790","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"WK2150110007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W317521241","https://openalex.org/W1546865596","https://openalex.org/W1965878030","https://openalex.org/W2028926203","https://openalex.org/W2042810301","https://openalex.org/W2048170964","https://openalex.org/W2106335692","https://openalex.org/W2115292965","https://openalex.org/W2116913505","https://openalex.org/W2118642968","https://openalex.org/W2129227302","https://openalex.org/W2148940906","https://openalex.org/W2150093579","https://openalex.org/W2150450046","https://openalex.org/W2154153875","https://openalex.org/W2155535188","https://openalex.org/W2156160382","https://openalex.org/W2169697490","https://openalex.org/W2399306297","https://openalex.org/W2512075923","https://openalex.org/W2588378712","https://openalex.org/W2739342348","https://openalex.org/W2803320608","https://openalex.org/W2885027170","https://openalex.org/W4234975421","https://openalex.org/W4403084434"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975451135","https://openalex.org/W917005982","https://openalex.org/W2148549110","https://openalex.org/W2295628284","https://openalex.org/W2890570089","https://openalex.org/W3095958166","https://openalex.org/W2129477171","https://openalex.org/W3148968234","https://openalex.org/W2593729912","https://openalex.org/W2012250365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"wireless":[1],"sensor":[2,90],"networks,":[3],"routing":[4,52,64,69,77,99,124,158],"protocols":[5,159],"with":[6,57],"immutable":[7],"network":[8,114,137,145,174,188],"policies":[9,53,115,138,189],"lacking":[10],"the":[11,22,55,63,68,85,92,98,127,140,144,154],"flexibility":[12,186],"are":[13,103,133],"generally":[14],"incapable":[15],"of":[16,48],"maintaining":[17],"effective":[18],"performance":[19,118,149,167],"due":[20],"to":[21,110,129,135,169],"complicated":[23,113],"and":[24,29,43,97,106,152,178],"rapidly":[25],"changing":[26],"environment":[27],"situations":[28],"application":[30],"requirements.":[31,119],"The":[32],"proposed":[33],"\u201cFlexible":[34],"Routing":[35],"Computing":[36],"Approach":[37],"(FRCA)\u201d":[38],"is":[39],"a":[40,72],"novel":[41],"distributed":[42],"probabilistic":[44],"computing":[45],"approach":[46],"capable":[47],"modifying":[49],"or":[50,191],"upgrading":[51],"on":[54,82,139,162],"fly":[56,141],"low":[58],"cost,":[59],"which":[60],"effectively":[61],"enhances":[62],"flexibility.":[65],"FRCA":[66,163],"models":[67],"metric":[70],"as":[71,181,183],"forwarding":[73],"probability":[74],"distribution":[75],"for":[76],"decisions.":[78],"This":[79],"model":[80],"depends":[81],"three":[83],"elements,":[84],"physical":[86],"quantities":[87],"collected":[88],"at":[89],"nodes,":[91,131],"built-in":[93],"base":[94],"math":[95],"functions,":[96],"parameters.":[100],"These":[101],"elements":[102],"all":[104],"user-oriented":[105],"can":[107],"be":[108],"specified":[109],"implement":[111],"multifarious":[112],"meeting":[116],"different":[117],"More":[120],"significantly,":[121],"through":[122],"distributing":[123],"parameters":[125],"from":[126],"sink":[128],"end":[130],"operators":[132],"allowed":[134],"adjust":[136],"without":[142],"interrupting":[143],"services.":[146],"Through":[147],"extensive":[148],"evaluation":[150],"studies":[151],"simulations,":[153],"results":[155],"demonstrate":[156],"that":[157],"designed":[160],"based":[161],"could":[164],"achieve":[165],"better":[166],"compared":[168],"its":[170],"state-of-the-art":[171],"counterparts":[172],"regarding":[173],"lifetime,":[175],"energy":[176],"consumption,":[177],"duplicate":[179],"packets":[180],"well":[182],"ensure":[184],"high":[185],"during":[187],"modification":[190],"upgrade.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}