{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2911132314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2019.2893338","title":"Revealing Your Mobile Password via WiFi Signals: Attacks and Countermeasures","display_name":"Revealing Your Mobile Password via WiFi Signals: Attacks and Countermeasures","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2911132314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2019.2893338","mag":"2911132314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2019.2893338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2019.2893338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076583947","display_name":"Yan Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-0347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100753065","display_name":"Jinlei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2744-7609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinlei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039106671","display_name":"Haojin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5079-4556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101655447","display_name":"Xiaohui Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4064-2393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33434090","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Boston","ror":"https://ror.org/04ydmy275","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohui Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100463098","display_name":"Yao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3382-798X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052771052","display_name":"Na Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076583947"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7406,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97278614,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"432","last_page":"449"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8931688070297241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.8412812948226929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.6410765647888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6229768991470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keystroke-logging","display_name":"Keystroke logging","score":0.5167726278305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hotspot","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","score":0.4907001256942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-channel-attack","display_name":"Side channel attack","score":0.4776424467563629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4713178277015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4307578206062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3940110504627228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.26382941007614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14789482951164246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8931688070297241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.8412812948226929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.6410765647888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6229768991470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161615301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309396","display_name":"Keystroke logging","level":2,"score":0.5167726278305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146481406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105131","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4907001256942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49289754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267081","display_name":"Side channel attack","level":3,"score":0.4776424467563629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4713178277015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4307578206062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3940110504627228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.26382941007614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14789482951164246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmc.2019.2893338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2019.2893338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69141925","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","issn_l":"1536-1233","issn":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6076887803","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1401253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6168310371","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702330","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7008277993","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1618893","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8005403939","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1553304","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8536293663","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61672350","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565782630","https://openalex.org/W1920802909","https://openalex.org/W1966672755","https://openalex.org/W2004333922","https://openalex.org/W2007382769","https://openalex.org/W2010882865","https://openalex.org/W2021432364","https://openalex.org/W2024796780","https://openalex.org/W2055344768","https://openalex.org/W2064081294","https://openalex.org/W2065655885","https://openalex.org/W2074367177","https://openalex.org/W2085866051","https://openalex.org/W2089695767","https://openalex.org/W2096986574","https://openalex.org/W2102005779","https://openalex.org/W2103280777","https://openalex.org/W2108665278","https://openalex.org/W2115042198","https://openalex.org/W2119028650","https://openalex.org/W2124885613","https://openalex.org/W2149359921","https://openalex.org/W2150639461","https://openalex.org/W2152417697","https://openalex.org/W2158223124","https://openalex.org/W2162003954","https://openalex.org/W2163472226","https://openalex.org/W2190207511","https://openalex.org/W2247603619","https://openalex.org/W2295321789","https://openalex.org/W2312767492","https://openalex.org/W2322532377","https://openalex.org/W2467159119","https://openalex.org/W2473779510","https://openalex.org/W2481071203","https://openalex.org/W2513202551","https://openalex.org/W2532081381","https://openalex.org/W2534482106","https://openalex.org/W2562477661","https://openalex.org/W2579193977","https://openalex.org/W2891504192","https://openalex.org/W3161731847","https://openalex.org/W4252630203","https://openalex.org/W6640239109"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2320589413","https://openalex.org/W2065920179","https://openalex.org/W2886761711","https://openalex.org/W2889672494","https://openalex.org/W2277743221","https://openalex.org/W3163279580","https://openalex.org/W2278696264","https://openalex.org/W3129147562","https://openalex.org/W2370466952","https://openalex.org/W1990636673"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,147],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"we":[3,225],"present":[4],"WindTalker,":[5],"a":[6,23,54,117,123,202,227],"novel":[7,228],"and":[8,47,61,82,128,153,200],"practical":[9,119],"keystroke":[10,95],"inference":[11,96,151,213,235],"framework":[12],"that":[13,36,241],"can":[14,62,73,174,246],"be":[15,63,175,247],"used":[16],"to":[17,43,57,85,105,144,149,160,206,232],"infer":[18,86],"the":[19,48,58,66,75,79,83,87,93,106,111,130,134,140,145,157,166,178,183,191,208,211,216,222,234,242,252],"sensitive":[20,167],"keystrokes":[21,37,84],"on":[22,38,190,196],"mobile":[24,39,198,218],"device":[25,108,136,141],"through":[26],"WiFi-based":[27],"side-channel":[28],"information.":[29],"WindTalker":[30,98,173,245],"is":[31,142],"motivated":[32],"from":[33,133],"an":[34],"observation":[35],"devices":[40],"will":[41,52],"lead":[42],"different":[44],"hand":[45],"coverage":[46],"finger":[49],"motions,":[50],"which":[51],"introduce":[53],"unique":[55],"interference":[56],"multi-path":[59],"signals":[60],"reflected":[64],"by":[65,121,250],"channel":[67],"state":[68],"information":[69],"(CSI).":[70],"An":[71],"attacker":[72],"exploit":[74],"strong":[76],"correlation":[77],"between":[78],"CSI":[80,131,163,229],"fluctuation":[81],"user's":[88],"password":[89,170,212],"input.":[90],"Compared":[91],"with":[92],"previous":[94],"approaches,":[97],"neither":[99],"deploys":[100],"external":[101],"equipment":[102],"physically":[103],"close":[104],"target":[107,112,135,184],"nor":[109],"compromises":[110],"device.":[113,192],"Instead,":[114],"it":[115,155],"employs":[116],"more":[118],"setting":[120],"deploying":[122],"free":[124],"public":[125],"WiFi":[126,158],"hotspot":[127],"collects":[129],"data":[132],"as":[137,139],"long":[138],"connected":[143],"hotspot.":[146],"addition,":[148],"improve":[150],"accuracy":[152],"efficiency,":[154],"analyzes":[156],"traffic":[159],"selectively":[161],"collect":[162],"only":[164],"for":[165],"period":[168],"where":[169],"entering":[171],"occurs.":[172],"implemented":[176],"without":[177],"requirement":[179],"of":[180,210,244],"visually":[181],"seeing":[182],"device,":[185],"or":[186],"installing":[187],"any":[188],"malware":[189],"We":[193],"tested":[194],"Windtalker":[195],"several":[197],"phones":[199],"performed":[201],"detailed":[203],"case":[204],"study":[205],"evaluate":[207],"practicality":[209],"towards":[214],"Alipay,":[215],"largest":[217],"payment":[219],"platform":[220],"in":[221],"world.":[223],"Furthermore,":[224],"proposed":[226,253],"obfuscation":[230],"countermeasure":[231],"thwart":[233],"attack.":[236],"The":[237],"evaluation":[238],"results":[239],"show":[240],"performance":[243],"dramatically":[248],"reduced":[249],"adopting":[251],"countermeasures.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}