{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109080428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmbmc.2020.3036756","title":"Closed-Loop Neuromodulation for Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Current State and Future Directions","display_name":"Closed-Loop Neuromodulation for Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Current State and Future Directions","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109080428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmbmc.2020.3036756","mag":"3109080428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmbmc.2020.3036756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmbmc.2020.3036756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490853239","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular Biological and Multi-Scale Communications","issn_l":"2332-7804","issn":["2332-7804","2372-2061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009130537","display_name":"Samhwan Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2482-3816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Samhwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079236062","display_name":"Seongtak Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6635-4819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seongtak Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6635-4819","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101891244","display_name":"Jin\u2010Mo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9766-5874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinmo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006819758","display_name":"Doyoung Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9950-0512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doyoung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sanghee Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanghee Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102779830","display_name":"Junghyup Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7941-8183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junghyup Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7941-8183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072065388","display_name":"Kyung\u2010In Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4664-5029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyung-In Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","Department of Robotics Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Robotics Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017324954","display_name":"Yong\u2010Seok Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9039-2014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong-Seok Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9039-2014","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071317253","display_name":"Jong\u2010Cheol Rah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3780-0522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155455","display_name":"Korea Brain Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/055zd7d59","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155455"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jong-Cheol Rah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","Korea Brain Research institute, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3780-0522","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Brain Research institute, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075254501","display_name":"Man Seung Huh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Man Seung Huh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neural Engineering and Nanomedicine, Graduate School Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neural Engineering and Nanomedicine, Graduate School Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058144503","display_name":"Sun Ha Paek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3007-8653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun Ha Paek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neural Engineering and Nanomedicine, Graduate School Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neural Engineering and Nanomedicine, Graduate School Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058748837","display_name":"Ji\u2010Woong Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9109-3860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji-Woong Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9109-3860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009130537"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8088,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77730072,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"209","last_page":"223"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-brain-stimulation","display_name":"Deep brain stimulation","score":0.9422204494476318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromodulation","display_name":"Neuromodulation","score":0.8891686201095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurochemical","display_name":"Neurochemical","score":0.7599457502365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinsons-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.7533778548240662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.6894038319587708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4967713952064514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-stimulation","display_name":"Brain stimulation","score":0.4700794517993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthalamic-nucleus","display_name":"Subthalamic nucleus","score":0.46532556414604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-direct-current-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","score":0.4623628258705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/movement-disorders","display_name":"Movement disorders","score":0.43749117851257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.394338995218277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.3895297646522522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.3646489977836609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.0993933379650116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778542668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618076","display_name":"Deep brain stimulation","level":4,"score":0.9422204494476318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780375056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905905","display_name":"Neuromodulation","level":3,"score":0.8891686201095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25876315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15197465","display_name":"Neurochemical","level":2,"score":0.7599457502365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.7533778548240662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.6894038319587708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4967713952064514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985799443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955838","display_name":"Brain stimulation","level":3,"score":0.4700794517993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777319143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2270424","display_name":"Subthalamic nucleus","level":5,"score":0.46532556414604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777803708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603398","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","level":3,"score":0.4623628258705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778261627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2608695","display_name":"Movement disorders","level":3,"score":0.43749117851257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.394338995218277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.3895297646522522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3646489977836609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0993933379650116}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmbmc.2020.3036756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmbmc.2020.3036756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490853239","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular Biological and Multi-Scale Communications","issn_l":"2332-7804","issn":["2332-7804","2372-2061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":135,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15311006","https://openalex.org/W595085787","https://openalex.org/W1129403382","https://openalex.org/W1480945180","https://openalex.org/W1506704752","https://openalex.org/W1589264845","https://openalex.org/W1624016815","https://openalex.org/W1768450208","https://openalex.org/W1824904986","https://openalex.org/W1909924204","https://openalex.org/W1967168287","https://openalex.org/W1972879677","https://openalex.org/W1974399834","https://openalex.org/W1975465422","https://openalex.org/W1976111338","https://openalex.org/W1980452368","https://openalex.org/W1981778573","https://openalex.org/W1982338110","https://openalex.org/W1982627231","https://openalex.org/W1983515667","https://openalex.org/W1987971960","https://openalex.org/W1988688384","https://openalex.org/W1995237297","https://openalex.org/W1996394765","https://openalex.org/W1997961972","https://openalex.org/W1998182557","https://openalex.org/W2003915808","https://openalex.org/W2005692959","https://openalex.org/W2006706959","https://openalex.org/W2006725987","https://openalex.org/W2008223278","https://openalex.org/W2009290984","https://openalex.org/W2010606350","https://openalex.org/W2013468174","https://openalex.org/W2017948121","https://openalex.org/W2020078576","https://openalex.org/W2023395544","https://openalex.org/W2027559291","https://openalex.org/W2029442257","https://openalex.org/W2037936617","https://openalex.org/W2041318959","https://openalex.org/W2045588310","https://openalex.org/W2048317486","https://openalex.org/W2048401130","https://openalex.org/W2050540607","https://openalex.org/W2050756150","https://openalex.org/W2051572005","https://openalex.org/W2054281268","https://openalex.org/W2058801186","https://openalex.org/W2059916873","https://openalex.org/W2060756235","https://openalex.org/W2061935704","https://openalex.org/W2065434356","https://openalex.org/W2069688410","https://openalex.org/W2071049838","https://openalex.org/W2073903671","https://openalex.org/W2074818354","https://openalex.org/W2077500805","https://openalex.org/W2078098979","https://openalex.org/W2083851985","https://openalex.org/W2084699651","https://openalex.org/W2089965635","https://openalex.org/W2091710861","https://openalex.org/W2093879739","https://openalex.org/W2094679226","https://openalex.org/W2095649828","https://openalex.org/W2097863680","https://openalex.org/W2101036582","https://openalex.org/W2103105094","https://openalex.org/W2106158259","https://openalex.org/W2109364412","https://openalex.org/W2110284997","https://openalex.org/W2123714584","https://openalex.org/W2132950918","https://openalex.org/W2133947591","https://openalex.org/W2135323430","https://openalex.org/W2138258890","https://openalex.org/W2139526581","https://openalex.org/W2143662434","https://openalex.org/W2143685192","https://openalex.org/W2150979660","https://openalex.org/W2154385547","https://openalex.org/W2156124495","https://openalex.org/W2162284422","https://openalex.org/W2166562076","https://openalex.org/W2175534813","https://openalex.org/W2176873872","https://openalex.org/W2262678010","https://openalex.org/W2276252907","https://openalex.org/W2295404782","https://openalex.org/W2298634118","https://openalex.org/W2328435466","https://openalex.org/W2329059023","https://openalex.org/W2563867255","https://openalex.org/W2608138738","https://openalex.org/W2626095355","https://openalex.org/W2741917192","https://openalex.org/W2744294942","https://openalex.org/W2757488384","https://openalex.org/W2764335780","https://openalex.org/W2781725780","https://openalex.org/W2786828489","https://openalex.org/W2791044039","https://openalex.org/W2792770438","https://openalex.org/W2801876984","https://openalex.org/W2802450380","https://openalex.org/W2806145184","https://openalex.org/W2889197740","https://openalex.org/W2889286462","https://openalex.org/W2895227185","https://openalex.org/W2899566368","https://openalex.org/W2900354938","https://openalex.org/W2901519529","https://openalex.org/W2905130427","https://openalex.org/W2905175426","https://openalex.org/W2910439256","https://openalex.org/W2912123407","https://openalex.org/W2913841725","https://openalex.org/W2914468735","https://openalex.org/W2917762754","https://openalex.org/W2922876238","https://openalex.org/W2927492584","https://openalex.org/W2929325622","https://openalex.org/W2937204925","https://openalex.org/W2946604807","https://openalex.org/W2950669447","https://openalex.org/W2967924200","https://openalex.org/W2974838036","https://openalex.org/W2996108522","https://openalex.org/W3004922521","https://openalex.org/W3011410887","https://openalex.org/W3021427577","https://openalex.org/W3037893040","https://openalex.org/W4211044101","https://openalex.org/W4211123396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009943748","https://openalex.org/W3157381604","https://openalex.org/W2891896600","https://openalex.org/W4388007398","https://openalex.org/W2037415880","https://openalex.org/W4250149432","https://openalex.org/W4210562450","https://openalex.org/W2963170894","https://openalex.org/W2588081361","https://openalex.org/W4386092312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"brain":[1,20,86],"stimulation":[2,12,74,90,102,186],"(DBS)":[3],"refers":[4],"to":[5,103,122],"a":[6,43],"neurosurgical":[7],"process":[8],"in":[9,42,58,61,109,125,140,157,164,179,191],"which":[10,154],"electrical":[11,115],"is":[13,132],"delivered":[14],"via":[15],"electrodes":[16],"implanted":[17],"within":[18],"deep":[19],"regions.":[21],"DBS":[22,54,69,95],"has":[23,55],"become":[24],"the":[25,81,92,110,128,158,165,192],"most":[26],"established":[27],"clinical":[28],"therapy":[29],"for":[30,80,119],"patients":[31,62,180],"with":[32,63,100,181],"movement":[33],"disorders,":[34],"although":[35],"recent":[36],"studies":[37],"have":[38,78,147],"investigated":[39],"its":[40],"application":[41],"broad":[44],"range":[45],"of":[46,73,84,91,107,160,167,177],"neurological":[47],"and":[48,88,116,136,143,163,188],"psychiatric":[49],"disorders":[50],"as":[51],"well.":[52],"Moreover,":[53],"proven":[56],"effective":[57],"controlling":[59],"symptoms":[60],"Parkinson&#x2019;s":[64],"disease":[65],"(PD).":[66],"While":[67],"early":[68],"systems":[70],"were":[71],"capable":[72],"only,":[75],"technological":[76],"advancements":[77],"allowed":[79],"direct":[82],"assessment":[83],"dysfunctional":[85],"activity":[87],"subsequent":[89],"pathological":[93],"circuitry.":[94],"can":[96],"also":[97],"be":[98],"combined":[99],"neurochemical":[101,117],"address":[104],"decreased":[105],"concentrations":[106],"dopamine":[108],"brain.":[111],"Given":[112],"that":[113],"both":[114],"treatments":[118],"PD":[120,152],"aim":[121],"rectify":[123],"abnormalities":[124],"neural":[126],"activity,":[127],"general":[129],"term":[130],"&#x201C;neuromodulation&#x201D;":[131],"considered":[133],"more":[134],"accurate":[135],"comprehensive.":[137],"Recent":[138],"improvements":[139],"signal":[141],"detection":[142],"information":[144],"processing":[145],"techniques":[146],"provided":[148],"further":[149],"insight":[150],"into":[151],"mechanisms,":[153],"may":[155],"aid":[156],"development":[159],"personalized":[161],"biomarkers":[162],"prediction":[166],"symptoms.":[168],"In":[169],"this":[170],"comprehensive":[171],"review,":[172],"we":[173],"discuss":[174],"various":[175],"aspects":[176],"neuromodulation":[178],"PD,":[182],"including":[183],"basic":[184],"theories,":[185],"paradigms,":[187],"current":[189],"challenges":[190],"field.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
