{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2797876308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmbmc.2019.2895790","title":"The Channel Capacity of Channelrhodopsin and Other Intensity-Driven Signal Transduction Receptors","display_name":"The Channel Capacity of Channelrhodopsin and Other Intensity-Driven Signal Transduction Receptors","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2797876308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmbmc.2019.2895790","mag":"2797876308"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmbmc.2019.2895790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmbmc.2019.2895790","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490853239","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular Biological and Multi-Scale Communications","issn_l":"2332-7804","issn":["2332-7804","2372-2061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological and Multi-Scale Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04533","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046532019","display_name":"Andrew W. Eckford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9808-1229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew W. Eckford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada","York University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"York University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083157573","display_name":"Peter J. Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7533-6770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter J. Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA","Case Western Reserve University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Western Reserve University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046532019"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03752345,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"27","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.5125281810760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5085176229476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5041247606277466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-information","display_name":"Mutual information","score":0.48786115646362305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48544842004776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-transduction","display_name":"Signal transduction","score":0.4444110095500946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transduction","display_name":"Transduction (biophysics)","score":0.4282740354537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-theory","display_name":"Information theory","score":0.41902607679367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receptor","display_name":"Receptor","score":0.41633471846580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35623449087142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.3475942015647888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biophysics","display_name":"Biophysics","score":0.32603269815444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.22287967801094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.20538803935050964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20319795608520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-biology","display_name":"Cell biology","score":0.17312771081924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14749675989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry","display_name":"Biochemistry","score":0.08950930833816528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.5125281810760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5085176229476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5041247606277466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.48786115646362305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48544842004776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.4444110095500946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15152581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833966","display_name":"Transduction (biophysics)","level":2,"score":0.4282740354537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131222","display_name":"Information theory","level":2,"score":0.41902607679367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.41633471846580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35623449087142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.3475942015647888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.32603269815444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.22287967801094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.20538803935050964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20319795608520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.17312771081924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14749675989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08950930833816528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmbmc.2019.2895790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmbmc.2019.2895790","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490853239","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular Biological and Multi-Scale Communications","issn_l":"2332-7804","issn":["2332-7804","2372-2061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological and Multi-Scale Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1804.04533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1804.04533","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04533","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2797876308","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04533.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1804.04533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.04533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1804.04533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1804.04533","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04533","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523938232","https://openalex.org/W1642251103","https://openalex.org/W1968363642","https://openalex.org/W1980069022","https://openalex.org/W1999483147","https://openalex.org/W2031812418","https://openalex.org/W2034489173","https://openalex.org/W2039501032","https://openalex.org/W2041238782","https://openalex.org/W2050375893","https://openalex.org/W2052366943","https://openalex.org/W2055696143","https://openalex.org/W2069941324","https://openalex.org/W2088944569","https://openalex.org/W2115581795","https://openalex.org/W2118917401","https://openalex.org/W2125863473","https://openalex.org/W2130128605","https://openalex.org/W2139815948","https://openalex.org/W2148164553","https://openalex.org/W2159423248","https://openalex.org/W2496288020","https://openalex.org/W2511512977","https://openalex.org/W2515870103","https://openalex.org/W2962702531","https://openalex.org/W2963185144","https://openalex.org/W2963713952","https://openalex.org/W2964325296","https://openalex.org/W4234011924","https://openalex.org/W4388297583"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963567903","https://openalex.org/W2164019639","https://openalex.org/W2150205052","https://openalex.org/W2962727107","https://openalex.org/W1481972917","https://openalex.org/W2986403456","https://openalex.org/W1644693744","https://openalex.org/W1936314649","https://openalex.org/W1995497114","https://openalex.org/W1989983943","https://openalex.org/W2787155012","https://openalex.org/W2080067735","https://openalex.org/W2790041880","https://openalex.org/W646476889","https://openalex.org/W2064873575","https://openalex.org/W2338589165","https://openalex.org/W1990029052","https://openalex.org/W2144137098","https://openalex.org/W1971644094","https://openalex.org/W2062652588"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biological":[0],"systems":[1],"transduce":[2],"signals":[3],"from":[4],"their":[5],"surroundings":[6],"through":[7],"a":[8,20,39,85,96],"myriad":[9],"of":[10,142,163],"pathways.":[11],"In":[12,134],"this":[13,32,52],"paper,":[14],"we":[15,55,136],"describe":[16],"signal":[17,24],"transduction":[18,25],"as":[19,28,38,170],"communication":[21],"system:":[22],"the":[23,29,48,57,71,75,81,101,117,123,130,139,143,156],"receptor":[26,145],"acts":[27],"receiver":[30],"in":[31,66,74],"system,":[33],"and":[34,69,128],"can":[35,166],"be":[36,167],"modeled":[37],"finite-state":[40],"Markov":[41],"chain":[42],"with":[43,89,106,113],"transition":[44],"rates":[45],"governed":[46],"by":[47],"input":[49],"signal.":[50],"Using":[51],"general":[53],"model,":[54],"give":[56,95],"mutual":[58,72,82],"information":[59,73,83],"under":[60,99],"independent,":[61],"identically":[62],"distributed":[63],"(IID)":[64],"inputs":[65],"discrete":[67],"time,":[68],"obtain":[70],"continuous-time":[76],"limit.":[77],"We":[78,93,109,152],"show":[79,137],"that":[80,138],"has":[84],"concise":[86],"closed-form":[87],"expression":[88],"clear":[90],"physical":[91],"significance.":[92],"also":[94],"sufficient":[97],"condition":[98],"which":[100],"Shannon":[102,150],"capacity":[103,141],"is":[104,146,175],"achieved":[105],"IID":[107,140],"inputs.":[108],"illustrate":[110],"our":[111],"results":[112,157],"three":[114],"examples:":[115],"1)":[116],"light-gated":[118],"Channelrhodopsin-2":[119],"(ChR2)":[120],"receptor;":[121,127],"2)":[122],"ligand-gated":[124,131],"nicotinic":[125],"acetylcholine":[126],"3)":[129],"calmodulin":[132],"receptor.":[133],"particular,":[135],"ChR2":[144],"equal":[147],"to":[148],"its":[149],"capacity.":[151],"finally":[153],"discuss":[154],"how":[155],"change":[158],"if":[159],"only":[160],"certain":[161],"properties":[162],"each":[164],"state":[165],"observed,":[168],"such":[169],"whether":[171],"an":[172],"ion":[173],"channel":[174],"open":[176],"or":[177],"closed.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
