{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393079369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tlt.2024.3381045","title":"Modeling Student Performance Using Feature Crosses Information for Knowledge Tracing","display_name":"Modeling Student Performance Using Feature Crosses Information for Knowledge Tracing","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393079369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tlt.2024.3381045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tlt.2024.3381045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tlt.2024.3381045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130363450","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies","issn_l":"1939-1382","issn":["1939-1382","2372-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024645274","display_name":"Lixiang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8946-620X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39774598","display_name":"Hefei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5rdf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lixiang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Hefei University, Hefei, China","School of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Institute of Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Hefei University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Institute of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066897043","display_name":"Zhanlong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3210-6906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39774598","display_name":"Hefei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5rdf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanlong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Hefei University, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Hefei University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069864529","display_name":"Suojuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2193-2288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suojuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","School of Computer Science and Techonology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Techonology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001917503","display_name":"Xin Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5056-171X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"The University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia","School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101491840","display_name":"Minjuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2561-3420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26538001","display_name":"San Diego State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0264fdx42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086892","display_name":"Education University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/000t0f062","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"]}],"countries":["HK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minjuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China","San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048237545","display_name":"Enhong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4835-4102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enhong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application, School of Data Science and School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application, School of Data Science & School of Computer Science and Techonology, University of Science and Technology of China & State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application, School of Data Science and School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application, School of Data Science & School of Computer Science and Techonology, University of Science and Technology of China & State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024645274"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422","https://openalex.org/I39774598"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.0025,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97085698,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1364","last_page":"1377"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":0.9587000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8237822651863098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.6773216724395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5619635581970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3378552198410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.14272242784500122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8237822651863098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.6773216724395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5619635581970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3378552198410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.14272242784500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tlt.2024.3381045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tlt.2024.3381045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130363450","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies","issn_l":"1939-1382","issn":["1939-1382","2372-0050"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3526573054","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62207031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3766869091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176085","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7494446569","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172458","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8938048137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021A001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312071","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Libya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312071","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Libya","ror":"https://ror.org/02w030k33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1959691478","https://openalex.org/W2015040676","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2295739661","https://openalex.org/W2475334473","https://openalex.org/W2530887700","https://openalex.org/W2548570154","https://openalex.org/W2559094423","https://openalex.org/W2604662567","https://openalex.org/W2805035427","https://openalex.org/W2885195348","https://openalex.org/W2907492528","https://openalex.org/W2944851425","https://openalex.org/W2951445388","https://openalex.org/W2955931418","https://openalex.org/W2966684417","https://openalex.org/W3025787433","https://openalex.org/W3040479400","https://openalex.org/W3083700361","https://openalex.org/W3088003368","https://openalex.org/W3097300053","https://openalex.org/W3124414132","https://openalex.org/W3127790743","https://openalex.org/W3128513560","https://openalex.org/W3134371412","https://openalex.org/W3135695944","https://openalex.org/W3146366485","https://openalex.org/W3153849393","https://openalex.org/W4213377845","https://openalex.org/W4283791586","https://openalex.org/W4289792746","https://openalex.org/W4307561542","https://openalex.org/W4319863499","https://openalex.org/W4323896651","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385486097","https://openalex.org/W4386124322","https://openalex.org/W4386634686","https://openalex.org/W4390100686","https://openalex.org/W4390489031","https://openalex.org/W6695986770","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6765830420","https://openalex.org/W6769504407","https://openalex.org/W6810680386"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2888673113","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2212288070","https://openalex.org/W2056065966","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2352602608","https://openalex.org/W2062641654"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Knowledge":[0,76],"tracing":[1],"(KT)":[2],"is":[3],"an":[4],"intelligent":[5],"educational":[6],"technology":[7],"used":[8,143],"to":[9,42,55,79,96,135,147],"model":[10,71],"students\u2019":[11,34,153],"learning":[12,18,26],"progress":[13],"and":[14,63,88,129,150,164],"mastery":[15],"in":[16,28],"adaptive":[17],"environments":[19],"for":[20,156],"personalized":[21],"education.":[22],"Despite":[23],"utilizing":[24],"deep":[25],"models":[27,53],"KT,":[29],"current":[30],"approaches":[31],"often":[32],"oversimplify":[33],"exercise":[35],"records":[36],"into":[37],"knowledge":[38,154],"sequences,":[39],"which":[40,121],"fail":[41],"explore":[43,80],"the":[44,57,81,123,152,162],"rich":[45],"information":[46,104,134],"within":[47],"individual":[48],"questions.":[49],"Additionally,":[50],"existing":[51],"KT":[52],"tend":[54],"neglect":[56],"complex,":[58],"higher-order":[59],"relationships":[60],"between":[61,84],"questions":[62,128],"latent":[64,86],"concepts.":[65],"Therefore,":[66],"we":[67],"introduce":[68],"a":[69,93,117],"novel":[70],"called":[72],"Feature":[73],"Crosses":[74],"Information-based":[75],"Tracing":[77],"(FCIKT)":[78],"intricate":[82],"interplay":[83],"questions,":[85,102],"concepts,":[87],"question":[89],"difficulties.":[90],"FCIKT":[91],"utilizes":[92],"fusion":[94],"module":[95],"perform":[97],"feature":[98],"crosses":[99],"operations":[100],"on":[101],"integrating":[103],"from":[105],"our":[106,167],"constructed":[107],"multi-relational":[108],"heterogeneous":[109],"graph":[110,112],"using":[111],"convolutional":[113],"networks.":[114],"We":[115,141],"deployed":[116],"multi-head":[118],"attention":[119],"mechanism,":[120],"enriches":[122],"static":[124],"embedding":[125],"representations":[126],"of":[127,139,166],"concepts":[130],"with":[131],"dynamic":[132],"semantic":[133],"simulate":[136],"real-world":[137],"scenarios":[138],"problem-solving.":[140],"also":[142],"gated":[144],"recurrent":[145],"units":[146],"dynamically":[148],"capture":[149],"update":[151],"state":[155],"final":[157],"prediction.":[158],"Extensive":[159],"experiments":[160],"demonstrated":[161],"validity":[163],"interpretability":[165],"proposed":[168],"model.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}