{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416552358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2026.3674110","title":"OKG-LLM: Aligning Ocean Knowledge Graph With Observation Data via LLMs for Global Sea Surface Temperature Prediction","display_name":"OKG-LLM: Aligning Ocean Knowledge Graph With Observation Data via LLMs for Global Sea Surface Temperature Prediction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416552358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2026.3674110"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2026.3674110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2026.3674110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.00933","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102786052","display_name":"Hanchen Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6074-8357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanchen Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-0355","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007372603","display_name":"Jiaqi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5045-1497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7293-3156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100740023","display_name":"Jiannong Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2725-2529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiannong Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2725-2529","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023712282","display_name":"Wengen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8768-6740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wengen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8768-6740","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104182501","display_name":"Jialun Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-596X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jialun Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061585074","display_name":"Yangning Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1991-6698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangning Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chunyu Miao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyu Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086316879","display_name":"Jihong Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-7635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihong Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-7635","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017862559","display_name":"Shuigeng Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1949-2768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuigeng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1949-2768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036357902","display_name":"Philip S. Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3491-5968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip S. Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3491-5968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2641,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92581334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"5","first_page":"3009","last_page":"3021"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.6626999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.6626999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11483","display_name":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","score":0.03350000083446503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.033399999141693115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-surface-temperature","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","score":0.7922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.7092000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.504800021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.45159998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.42640000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocean-observations","display_name":"Ocean observations","score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.36090001463890076}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134097258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507383","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","level":2,"score":0.7922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7092000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5457000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.504800021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.45159998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.42640000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776248883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154087","display_name":"Ocean observations","level":2,"score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.36090001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120567893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582085","display_name":"Knowledge extraction","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105306849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054","display_name":"Storm","level":2,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123138037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5570871","display_name":"Global network","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775966667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423384","display_name":"Knowledge modeling","level":3,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779242930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q720957","display_name":"Global temperature","level":4,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2026.3674110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2026.3674110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.00933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00933","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.00933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.00933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00933","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.00933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.00933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.00933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.00933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00933","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.00933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2062780035","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2116566335","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T22-502/18-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2335990779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202336","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G245860340","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372326","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7481730153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T22-502/18-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307285","display_name":"Impact Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00jb20j87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sea":[0],"surface":[1],"temperature":[2],"(SST)":[3],"prediction":[4,50,78],"is":[5],"a":[6,106,146,191],"critical":[7],"task":[8],"in":[9,49,228],"ocean":[10,89,138],"science,":[11],"supporting":[12],"various":[13],"applications,":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16],"weather":[17],"forecasting,":[18],"fisheries":[19],"management,":[20],"and":[21,92,155,170,179,189,218],"storm":[22],"tracking.":[23],"While":[24],"existing":[25],"data-driven":[26],"methods":[27],"have":[28],"demonstrated":[29],"significant":[30],"success,":[31],"they":[32],"often":[33],"neglect":[34],"to":[35,76,84,126,135,150,194,220],"leverage":[36,190],"the":[37,43,62,72,85,114,122,152,159,163,171,181,204,229],"rich":[38],"domain":[39,66,90],"knowledge":[40,67,91,139,157,183],"accumulated":[41],"over":[42],"past":[44],"decades,":[45],"limiting":[46],"further":[47],"advancements":[48],"accuracy.":[51],"The":[52,224],"recent":[53],"emergence":[54],"of":[55,64,74,87,116,166],"large":[56],"language":[57],"models":[58],"(LLMs)":[59],"has":[60],"highlighted":[61],"potential":[63,219],"integrating":[65,88],"for":[68,109,140,198],"downstream":[69],"tasks.":[70],"However,":[71],"application":[73],"LLMs":[75],"SST":[77,111,141,187,196,222],"remains":[79],"under":[80],"explored,":[81],"primarily":[82],"due":[83],"challenge":[86],"numerical":[93,186],"data.":[94],"To":[95,113],"address":[96],"this":[97,119],"issue,":[98],"we":[99,177],"propose":[100],"Ocean":[101,129],"Knowledge":[102,130],"Graph-enhanced":[103],"LLM":[104,193],"(OKG-LLM),":[105],"novel":[107],"framework":[108],"global":[110],"prediction.":[112,142,200,223],"best":[115],"our":[117],"knowledge,":[118],"work":[120],"presents":[121],"first":[123],"systematic":[124],"effort":[125],"construct":[127],"an":[128],"Graph":[131],"(OKG)":[132],"specifically":[133],"designed":[134],"represent":[136],"diverse":[137],"We":[143],"then":[144],"develop":[145],"graph":[147],"embedding":[148],"network":[149],"learn":[151],"comprehensive":[153],"semantic":[154],"structural":[156],"within":[158],"OKG,":[160],"capturing":[161],"both":[162],"unique":[164],"characteristics":[165],"individual":[167],"sea":[168],"regions":[169],"complex":[172],"correlations":[173],"between":[174],"them.":[175],"Finally,":[176],"align":[178],"fuse":[180],"learned":[182],"with":[184],"fine-grained":[185],"data":[188],"pre-trained":[192],"model":[195],"patterns":[197],"accurate":[199],"Extensive":[201],"experiments":[202],"on":[203],"real-world":[205],"dataset":[206],"demonstrate":[207],"that":[208],"OKG-LLM":[209],"consistently":[210],"outperforms":[211],"state-of-the-art":[212],"methods,":[213],"showcasing":[214],"its":[215],"effectiveness,":[216],"robustness,":[217],"advance":[221],"codes":[225],"are":[226],"available":[227],"online":[230],"repository.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-01T06:04:38.248271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}