{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7092313905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2025.3622687","title":"CIREC: Causal Intervention-Inspired Policy Learning to Mitigate Exposure Bias for Interactive Recommendation","display_name":"CIREC: Causal Intervention-Inspired Policy Learning to Mitigate Exposure Bias for Interactive Recommendation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7092313905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2025.3622687"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2025.3622687","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2025.3622687","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yongsen Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2692-6429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongsen Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2692-6429","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guohua Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guohua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jinghui Qin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinghui Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ziliang Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziliang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Junfan Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junfan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pengxu Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2190-0767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengxu Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2190-0767","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liang Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2248-3755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2248-3755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kwok-Yan Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-7970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwok-Yan Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-7970","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6062012,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"1","first_page":"123","last_page":"137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.7364000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.7364000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.0706000030040741,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.05350000038743019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-structure","display_name":"Causal structure","score":0.45660001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.3962000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-model","display_name":"Causal model","score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-probability","display_name":"Conditional probability","score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.3190000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163504300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364925","display_name":"Causal structure","level":2,"score":0.45660001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3962000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.388700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44492722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327069","display_name":"Conditional probability","level":2,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776716048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6045290","display_name":"Interactive Learning","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134801348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140425","display_name":"Non-response bias","level":2,"score":0.2671999931335449}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2025.3622687","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2025.3622687","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/215776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/215776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.48790448904037476}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1506100783","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U21A20470","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G281237124","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62206110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3196335842","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62376292","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3972927233","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62325605","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5543444180","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62206314","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7519033713","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515011374","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8486830386","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022A1515011835","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321160","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329883","display_name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069870183","https://openalex.org/W2340502990","https://openalex.org/W2511357636","https://openalex.org/W2532022121","https://openalex.org/W2604942799","https://openalex.org/W2629213068","https://openalex.org/W2740384884","https://openalex.org/W2740920897","https://openalex.org/W2743003320","https://openalex.org/W2765564115","https://openalex.org/W2783272285","https://openalex.org/W2787933113","https://openalex.org/W2788295351","https://openalex.org/W2797400361","https://openalex.org/W2913491198","https://openalex.org/W2921693870","https://openalex.org/W2963619374","https://openalex.org/W2964108915","https://openalex.org/W2984589663","https://openalex.org/W2998534896","https://openalex.org/W3012576969","https://openalex.org/W3017289192","https://openalex.org/W3026347803","https://openalex.org/W3035404611","https://openalex.org/W3038744824","https://openalex.org/W3042508749","https://openalex.org/W3048742138","https://openalex.org/W3087770553","https://openalex.org/W3088231796","https://openalex.org/W3088299704","https://openalex.org/W3089238887","https://openalex.org/W3090447370","https://openalex.org/W3094546485","https://openalex.org/W3097679710","https://openalex.org/W3115418111","https://openalex.org/W3156622960","https://openalex.org/W3156939347","https://openalex.org/W3179782236","https://openalex.org/W3192638343","https://openalex.org/W4225767182","https://openalex.org/W4367319708","https://openalex.org/W4378696932","https://openalex.org/W4385863523","https://openalex.org/W4387969148","https://openalex.org/W4389520376","https://openalex.org/W4390490824","https://openalex.org/W4392384371","https://openalex.org/W4393154553","https://openalex.org/W4393157035","https://openalex.org/W4400526084","https://openalex.org/W4402672096","https://openalex.org/W4403578188","https://openalex.org/W4403790979","https://openalex.org/W4404782432","https://openalex.org/W4412888581","https://openalex.org/W4412944557","https://openalex.org/W4413591191"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exposure":[0,100],"bias":[1,31,40,49,64,187,212,241],"is":[2,148,160],"a":[3,16,20,70,87,140,224],"notorious":[4],"issue":[5],"in":[6,12,32,41,133,213,238],"Recommender":[7,43],"Systems":[8,44],"(RSs),":[9],"often":[10],"resulting":[11],"the":[13,47,60,129,134,152,157,163,169,176,182,192,201,207,214,230,243],"overexposure":[14],"of":[15,22,72,112,194,210,216,226,234],"few":[17,36],"items":[18,23],"while":[19],"majority":[21],"are":[24],"underexposed.":[25],"Most":[26],"existing":[27],"methods":[28],"mitigate":[29],"exposure":[30,48,186,211,240],"offline":[33],"recommendations,":[34],"but":[35],"research":[37],"address":[38,82],"such":[39,74],"Interactive":[42,103,119],"(IRSs).":[45],"However,":[46],"will":[50,66],"be":[51],"increasingly":[52],"amplified":[53],"over":[54],"time":[55],"as":[56,75],"users":[57],"interact":[58],"with":[59],"system.":[61],"Worse":[62],"still,":[63],"amplification":[65],"further":[67],"lead":[68],"to":[69,98,126,150,167,180,205],"series":[71,225],"problems":[73],"echo":[76],"chambers":[77],"and":[78,117,138,188,232],"filter":[79],"bubbles.":[80],"To":[81],"these":[83],"issues,":[84],"we":[85],"propose":[86],"novel":[88,141],"paradigm,":[89],"<bold":[90,93,104],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[91,94,105,108],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">C</b>ausal":[92],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">I</b>ntervention-Inspired":[95],"Policy":[96,120],"Learning":[97,121],"Mitigate":[99],"Bias":[101],"for":[102],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">REC</b>ommendation":[106],"(<bold":[107],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CIREC</b>),":[109],"which":[110,165],"consists":[111],"Intervention-based":[113],"Causal":[114,143],"Discovery":[115],"(ICD)":[116],"Causality-Inspired":[118],"(CIIPL).":[122],"Firstly,":[123],"ICD":[124],"aims":[125],"meticulously":[127],"examine":[128],"causal":[130,158,217],"relationships":[131,184],"inherent":[132],"interactive":[135,196],"recommendation":[136],"model,":[137],"formulates":[139],"Dynamic":[142],"Graph":[144],"(DCG).":[145],"The":[146],"DCG":[147],"employed":[149],"generate":[151],"temporal":[153,170,177,202],"conditional":[154,178],"probability.":[155,172],"Subsequently,":[156],"intervention":[159],"performed":[161],"on":[162,223],"DCG,":[164],"serves":[166],"induce":[168],"interventional":[171,203],"Afterwards,":[173],"CIIPL":[174],"utilizes":[175],"probability":[179,204],"estimate":[181],"cause-effect":[183],"between":[185],"prediction":[189],"scores":[190],"during":[191],"phase":[193,215],"causality-inspired":[195],"training.":[197],"It":[198],"then":[199],"employs":[200],"alleviate":[206],"negative":[208],"impact":[209],"intervention-based":[218],"inference.":[219],"Extensive":[220],"experiments":[221],"conducted":[222],"public":[227],"benchmarks":[228],"substantiate":[229],"efficacy":[231],"efficiency":[233],"our":[235],"proposed":[236],"CIREC":[237],"mitigating":[239],"within":[242],"IRS.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-11T00:21:10.989143","created_date":"2025-10-18T00:00:00"}