{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393906116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2024.3382262","title":"Result Diversification in Search and Recommendation: A Survey","display_name":"Result Diversification in Search and Recommendation: A Survey","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393906116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2024.3382262"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2024.3382262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2024.3382262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102882870","display_name":"Haolun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-4969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haolun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043670555","display_name":"Yansen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yansen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100410908","display_name":"Chen Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7933-9813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079054140","display_name":"Fuyuan Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9345-1828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuyuan Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079956921","display_name":"Bowei He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0360-2950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowei He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048533217","display_name":"Bhaskar Mitra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5270-5550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4402554038","display_name":"Microsoft Research Montr\u00e9al (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05xdft911","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4402554038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153468","display_name":"Microsoft (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/04xhxg104","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210153468"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhaskar Mitra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153468","https://openalex.org/I4402554038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100372152","display_name":"Xue Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5252-3442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102882870"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0919,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95791472,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"10","first_page":"5354","last_page":"5373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7086552381515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversification","display_name":"Diversification (marketing strategy)","score":0.5625287890434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.44690650701522827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34266239404678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3231567144393921}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7086552381515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180916674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3711935","display_name":"Diversification (marketing strategy)","level":2,"score":0.5625287890434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.44690650701522827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34266239404678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3231567144393921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2024.3382262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2024.3382262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":121,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W107810311","https://openalex.org/W124106411","https://openalex.org/W615621364","https://openalex.org/W1498594556","https://openalex.org/W1604317414","https://openalex.org/W1660390307","https://openalex.org/W1814144709","https://openalex.org/W1868287705","https://openalex.org/W1963841648","https://openalex.org/W1968927634","https://openalex.org/W1971040550","https://openalex.org/W1988619666","https://openalex.org/W1993320088","https://openalex.org/W1996859119","https://openalex.org/W2004881074","https://openalex.org/W2006672084","https://openalex.org/W2009979684","https://openalex.org/W2023188792","https://openalex.org/W2023599408","https://openalex.org/W2042281163","https://openalex.org/W2051442094","https://openalex.org/W2051968805","https://openalex.org/W2056884786","https://openalex.org/W2058624977","https://openalex.org/W2058678235","https://openalex.org/W2060796982","https://openalex.org/W2074367844","https://openalex.org/W2076039929","https://openalex.org/W2087189381","https://openalex.org/W2097951507","https://openalex.org/W2132314908","https://openalex.org/W2138779671","https://openalex.org/W2140310134","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2147892741","https://openalex.org/W2153578526","https://openalex.org/W2155912844","https://openalex.org/W2157128462","https://openalex.org/W2159155347","https://openalex.org/W2161676175","https://openalex.org/W2166224193","https://openalex.org/W2400213106","https://openalex.org/W2400842017","https://openalex.org/W2410226802","https://openalex.org/W2471222571","https://openalex.org/W2482313317","https://openalex.org/W2483960945","https://openalex.org/W2515155379","https://openalex.org/W2564230240","https://openalex.org/W2586601519","https://openalex.org/W2604639157","https://openalex.org/W2735716999","https://openalex.org/W2737403195","https://openalex.org/W2741307002","https://openalex.org/W2744446984","https://openalex.org/W2748374161","https://openalex.org/W2753635291","https://openalex.org/W2755457752","https://openalex.org/W2787933113","https://openalex.org/W2792179143","https://openalex.org/W2795174038","https://openalex.org/W2894183663","https://openalex.org/W2897429051","https://openalex.org/W2946688064","https://openalex.org/W2972348437","https://openalex.org/W2980849092","https://openalex.org/W2989137146","https://openalex.org/W3003934059","https://openalex.org/W3012916621","https://openalex.org/W3035606589","https://openalex.org/W3040978746","https://openalex.org/W3045200674","https://openalex.org/W3048919590","https://openalex.org/W3080884086","https://openalex.org/W3092103025","https://openalex.org/W3093493377","https://openalex.org/W3093620029","https://openalex.org/W3093767213","https://openalex.org/W3094495518","https://openalex.org/W3094565211","https://openalex.org/W3098894878","https://openalex.org/W3099814932","https://openalex.org/W3115040029","https://openalex.org/W3115685629","https://openalex.org/W3117895913","https://openalex.org/W3125913709","https://openalex.org/W3138773240","https://openalex.org/W3150492821","https://openalex.org/W3152597201","https://openalex.org/W3152663991","https://openalex.org/W3155270181","https://openalex.org/W3165426879","https://openalex.org/W3169544457","https://openalex.org/W3177661966","https://openalex.org/W3179526152","https://openalex.org/W3196572840","https://openalex.org/W3199097559","https://openalex.org/W4206530644","https://openalex.org/W4212961739","https://openalex.org/W4223991076","https://openalex.org/W4224936585","https://openalex.org/W4230624213","https://openalex.org/W4234228486","https://openalex.org/W4281263000","https://openalex.org/W4283799002","https://openalex.org/W4284700703","https://openalex.org/W4288083766","https://openalex.org/W4300410021","https://openalex.org/W4376632920","https://openalex.org/W4392367398","https://openalex.org/W4396758712","https://openalex.org/W6604397324","https://openalex.org/W6605074968","https://openalex.org/W6637101025","https://openalex.org/W6638929496","https://openalex.org/W6677961041","https://openalex.org/W6713259720","https://openalex.org/W6732037704","https://openalex.org/W6744132815","https://openalex.org/W6751707208","https://openalex.org/W6762922744"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4389391504","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4301410663","https://openalex.org/W4312472185","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2382761395","https://openalex.org/W2358904772"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diversifying":[0],"return":[1],"results":[2],"is":[3,116],"an":[4,185],"important":[5,117],"research":[6,35,175,179],"topic":[7],"in":[8,11,50,57,88,118,130,154,180,184,197],"retrieval":[9,58,103,119,155],"systems":[10,59],"order":[12],"to":[13,47,75,187],"satisfy":[14],"both":[15,89,158],"the":[16,22,73,82,97,107,126,140,159,165,169,173,193],"various":[17,127],"interests":[18],"of":[19,26,43,86,96,102,113,125,149,168,177,195],"customers":[20],"and":[21,52,64,84,91,132,137,152,161,182,191],"equal":[23],"market":[24],"exposure":[25],"providers.":[27],"There":[28],"has":[29],"been":[30],"growing":[31],"attention":[32],"on":[33,45],"diversity-aware":[34,55,178],"during":[36],"recent":[37],"years,":[38],"accompanied":[39],"by":[40,122],"a":[41,61,77,110,123,146],"proliferation":[42],"literature":[44],"methods":[46],"promote":[48],"diversity":[49,115,128,196],"search":[51,90,131,160,181],"recommendation.":[53],"However,":[54],"studies":[56],"lack":[60],"systematic":[62],"organization":[63],"are":[65,72,94],"rather":[66],"fragmented.":[67],"In":[68,164],"this":[69],"survey,":[70,170],"we":[71,144,171],"first":[74],"propose":[76],"unified":[78,147],"taxonomy":[79,148],"for":[80],"classifying":[81],"metrics":[83,151],"approaches":[85,153],"diversification":[87,150],"recommendation,":[92,133],"which":[93],"two":[95],"most":[98],"extensively":[99],"researched":[100],"fields":[101],"systems.":[104,199],"We":[105],"begin":[106],"survey":[108],"with":[109],"brief":[111],"discussion":[112],"why":[114],"systems,":[120,156],"followed":[121],"summary":[124],"concerns":[129],"highlighting":[134],"their":[135],"relationship":[136],"differences.":[138],"For":[139],"survey's":[141],"main":[142],"body,":[143],"present":[145],"from":[157],"recommendation":[162,183],"perspectives.":[163],"later":[166],"part":[167],"discuss":[172],"open":[174],"questions":[176],"effort":[186],"inspire":[188],"future":[189],"innovations":[190],"encourage":[192],"implementation":[194],"real-world":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
