{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388430454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3330684","title":"Toward Enhanced Robustness in Unsupervised Graph Representation Learning: A Graph Information Bottleneck Perspective","display_name":"Toward Enhanced Robustness in Unsupervised Graph Representation Learning: A Graph Information Bottleneck Perspective","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388430454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3330684"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2023.3330684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3330684","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100669505","display_name":"Jihong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8153-6899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8153-6899","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013911439","display_name":"Minnan Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-7860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minnan Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-7860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029588473","display_name":"Jundong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1878-817X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jundong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Computer Science, School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1878-817X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Computer Science, School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114860377","display_name":"Ziqi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4112-3504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090985","display_name":"Zhejiang Financial College","ror":"https://ror.org/00deghz86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090985"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ant Financial Services Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4112-3504","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ant Financial Services Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090985"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045140292","display_name":"Jun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6033-6102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090985","display_name":"Zhejiang Financial College","ror":"https://ror.org/00deghz86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090985"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ant Financial Services Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6033-6102","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ant Financial Services Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090985"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qinghua Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-1120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinghua Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-1120","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6627,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86980042,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"8","first_page":"4290","last_page":"4303"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9121999740600586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infomax","display_name":"Infomax","score":0.8190271854400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6785522699356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-bottleneck-method","display_name":"Information bottleneck method","score":0.6671020984649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.5426940321922302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5260170102119446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-information","display_name":"Mutual information","score":0.4954439401626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.45298534631729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4350830614566803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4014485478401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3994832932949066}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153402090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6030480","display_name":"Infomax","level":4,"score":0.8190271854400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6785522699356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60008888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031013","display_name":"Information bottleneck method","level":3,"score":0.6671020984649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.5426940321922302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5260170102119446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.4954439401626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.45298534631729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4350830614566803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4014485478401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3994832932949066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120317606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105967","display_name":"Blind signal separation","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2023.3330684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3330684","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686946872","https://openalex.org/W1888005072","https://openalex.org/W2014648333","https://openalex.org/W2146398330","https://openalex.org/W2153959628","https://openalex.org/W2154851992","https://openalex.org/W2162630660","https://openalex.org/W2764075199","https://openalex.org/W2803831897","https://openalex.org/W2807021761","https://openalex.org/W2808409763","https://openalex.org/W2899831870","https://openalex.org/W2914721378","https://openalex.org/W2914953695","https://openalex.org/W2944697719","https://openalex.org/W2950723285","https://openalex.org/W2962975498","https://openalex.org/W2964971928","https://openalex.org/W2984907244","https://openalex.org/W2994506732","https://openalex.org/W2998122931","https://openalex.org/W2998722865","https://openalex.org/W3007662311","https://openalex.org/W3012816161","https://openalex.org/W3033039844","https://openalex.org/W3033892090","https://openalex.org/W3042856524","https://openalex.org/W3081203761","https://openalex.org/W3095746859","https://openalex.org/W3098276446","https://openalex.org/W3100078588","https://openalex.org/W3100848837","https://openalex.org/W3104097132","https://openalex.org/W3105503635","https://openalex.org/W3108655343","https://openalex.org/W3111920969","https://openalex.org/W3124962940","https://openalex.org/W3154503084","https://openalex.org/W3201541168","https://openalex.org/W4221139060","https://openalex.org/W4224313798","https://openalex.org/W4240768087","https://openalex.org/W4291474301","https://openalex.org/W4293469690","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4322614756","https://openalex.org/W4385565641","https://openalex.org/W6637108112","https://openalex.org/W6717434760","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6729906282","https://openalex.org/W6730084236","https://openalex.org/W6738964360","https://openalex.org/W6751569023","https://openalex.org/W6755573351","https://openalex.org/W6759129252","https://openalex.org/W6759638512","https://openalex.org/W6760001035","https://openalex.org/W6762003241","https://openalex.org/W6762581198","https://openalex.org/W6762814303","https://openalex.org/W6765543928","https://openalex.org/W6766156693","https://openalex.org/W6771610787","https://openalex.org/W6773840044","https://openalex.org/W6776488958","https://openalex.org/W6779518175","https://openalex.org/W6779940601","https://openalex.org/W6780093097","https://openalex.org/W6796940780","https://openalex.org/W6803361077"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2939693078","https://openalex.org/W2139138217","https://openalex.org/W2142105644","https://openalex.org/W2783047733","https://openalex.org/W3189092450","https://openalex.org/W1833833977","https://openalex.org/W2146711600","https://openalex.org/W2157319902","https://openalex.org/W4399598771","https://openalex.org/W4287238667"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"studies":[1],"have":[2],"revealed":[3],"that":[4,207],"GNNs":[5],"are":[6,131],"vulnerable":[7],"to":[8,37,51,65,104,135,144],"adversarial":[9,110,124,128,142,173,216],"attacks.":[10],"Most":[11],"existing":[12],"robust":[13,53,66,85,106],"graph":[14,120,149],"learning":[15],"methods":[16],"measure":[17],"model":[18],"robustness":[19,202],"based":[20],"on":[21,214],"label":[22,28],"information,":[23],"rendering":[24],"them":[25],"infeasible":[26],"when":[27],"information":[29,116,125,158,184],"is":[30,36,93],"not":[31],"available.":[32],"A":[33],"straightforward":[34],"direction":[35],"employ":[38],"the":[39,59,76,96,114,118,123,127,153,187,201,215,230],"widely":[40],"used":[41],"Infomax":[42,60],"technique":[43,61],"from":[44,62],"typical":[45,63],"Unsupervised":[46],"Graph":[47,89],"Representation":[48],"Learning":[49],"(UGRL)":[50],"learn":[52,105],"unsupervised":[54],"representations.":[55],"Nonetheless,":[56],"directly":[57],"transplanting":[58],"UGRL":[64,67,86],"may":[68],"involve":[69],"a":[70,82,194,211],"biased":[71],"assumption.":[72],"In":[73],"light":[74],"of":[75,78,141,203,218,234],"limitation":[77],"Infomax,":[79],"we":[80,168,191],"propose":[81,170],"novel":[83],"unbiased":[84],"method":[87],"calledRobust":[88],"Information":[90,97],"Bottleneck(RGIB),":[91],"which":[92],"grounded":[94],"in":[95,117,126,152],"Bottleneck":[98],"(IB)":[99],"principle.":[100],"Our":[101],"RGIB":[102,199,208],"attempts":[103],"node":[107,146],"representations":[108],"against":[109],"perturbations":[111,179],"by":[112],"preserving":[113],"original":[115],"benign":[119],"while":[121],"eliminating":[122],"graph.":[129],"There":[130],"mainly":[132],"two":[133],"challenges":[134],"optimizing":[136],"RGIB:":[137],"1)":[138],"high":[139],"complexity":[140],"attack":[143],"perturb":[145],"features":[147],"and":[148,180,200,226,232],"structure":[150],"jointly":[151],"training":[154,174],"procedure;":[155],"2)":[156],"mutual":[157,183],"estimation":[159],"upon":[160],"adversarially":[161],"attacked":[162],"graphs.":[163],"To":[164],"tackle":[165],"these":[166],"problems,":[167],"further":[169],"an":[171,181],"efficient":[172],"strategy":[175],"with":[176,186],"only":[177],"feature":[178],"effective":[182],"estimator":[185],"subgraph-level":[188],"summary.":[189],"Moreover,":[190],"theoretically":[192],"establish":[193],"connection":[195],"between":[196],"our":[197,235],"proposed":[198,236],"downstream":[204,219,227],"classifiers,":[205],"revealing":[206],"can":[209],"provide":[210],"lower":[212],"bound":[213],"risk":[217],"classifiers.":[220],"Extensive":[221],"experiments":[222],"over":[223],"several":[224],"benchmarks":[225],"tasks":[228],"demonstrate":[229],"effectiveness":[231],"superiority":[233],"method.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
