{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379382506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3282907","title":"Self-Supervised Learning for Recommender Systems: A Survey","display_name":"Self-Supervised Learning for Recommender Systems: A Survey","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379382506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3282907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2023.3282907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3282907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084564297","display_name":"Junliang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3401-9829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junliang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3401-9829","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911","https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088492734","display_name":"Hongzhi Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-261X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongzhi Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-261X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911","https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101873166","display_name":"Xin Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-5387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-5387","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911","https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461265","display_name":"Tong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7269-146X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7269-146X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911","https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029588473","display_name":"Jundong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1878-817X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jundong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Computer Science, School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1878-817X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Computer Science, School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078170935","display_name":"Zi Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9738-4949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zi Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9738-4949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911","https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":147.0038,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":364,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99994321,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"335","last_page":"355"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8514838218688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.7033942937850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6837911605834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5897437930107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5672765374183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.5448940992355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4724990129470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.46051231026649475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.42721307277679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3769043982028961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3080235421657562}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8514838218688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.7033942937850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6837911605834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5897437930107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5672765374183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.5448940992355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4724990129470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.46051231026649475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.42721307277679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3769043982028961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3080235421657562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2023.3282907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3282907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8796152589","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IC200100022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338255","funder_display_name":"ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338255","display_name":"ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":167,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47339158","https://openalex.org/W1486317198","https://openalex.org/W1980250184","https://openalex.org/W2048679005","https://openalex.org/W2054141820","https://openalex.org/W2133556223","https://openalex.org/W2140942692","https://openalex.org/W2253995343","https://openalex.org/W2296073425","https://openalex.org/W2475334473","https://openalex.org/W2498566050","https://openalex.org/W2512971201","https://openalex.org/W2621465063","https://openalex.org/W2723293840","https://openalex.org/W2799012401","https://openalex.org/W2809290718","https://openalex.org/W2887997457","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2907492528","https://openalex.org/W2950166131","https://openalex.org/W2951217911","https://openalex.org/W2963367478","https://openalex.org/W2965570621","https://openalex.org/W2982275843","https://openalex.org/W2984100107","https://openalex.org/W2996428491","https://openalex.org/W3012782947","https://openalex.org/W3012907770","https://openalex.org/W3022061250","https://openalex.org/W3023371261","https://openalex.org/W3033661031","https://openalex.org/W3034844787","https://openalex.org/W3034853385","https://openalex.org/W3034896171","https://openalex.org/W3035060554","https://openalex.org/W3035524453","https://openalex.org/W3035725276","https://openalex.org/W3036446966","https://openalex.org/W3045200674","https://openalex.org/W3065542300","https://openalex.org/W3080374445","https://openalex.org/W3080997787","https://openalex.org/W3081430124","https://openalex.org/W3091746701","https://openalex.org/W3092103025","https://openalex.org/W3094605801","https://openalex.org/W3095937012","https://openalex.org/W3099152386","https://openalex.org/W3099602291","https://openalex.org/W3100260481","https://openalex.org/W3100417358","https://openalex.org/W3114632476","https://openalex.org/W3114654929","https://openalex.org/W3117298090","https://openalex.org/W3118699637","https://openalex.org/W3129850062","https://openalex.org/W3132008141","https://openalex.org/W3133706083","https://openalex.org/W3133849783","https://openalex.org/W3134210100","https://openalex.org/W3135715136","https://openalex.org/W3136606064","https://openalex.org/W3153325943","https://openalex.org/W3153687708","https://openalex.org/W3154113024","https://openalex.org/W3154345605","https://openalex.org/W3155368131","https://openalex.org/W3155496675","https://openalex.org/W3156135334","https://openalex.org/W3156977692","https://openalex.org/W3157661072","https://openalex.org/W3167826227","https://openalex.org/W3170682786","https://openalex.org/W3171249018","https://openalex.org/W3171665710","https://openalex.org/W3172632637","https://openalex.org/W3172854437","https://openalex.org/W3173365306","https://openalex.org/W3175529606","https://openalex.org/W3175593095","https://openalex.org/W3177158382","https://openalex.org/W3181082414","https://openalex.org/W3185341429","https://openalex.org/W3187465321","https://openalex.org/W3189967866","https://openalex.org/W3195554589","https://openalex.org/W3198760092","https://openalex.org/W3201915713","https://openalex.org/W3204453541","https://openalex.org/W3205970722","https://openalex.org/W3206127589","https://openalex.org/W3206310679","https://openalex.org/W3207066264","https://openalex.org/W3207267733","https://openalex.org/W3207896692","https://openalex.org/W3208227120","https://openalex.org/W3208338073","https://openalex.org/W3208349229","https://openalex.org/W3209810427","https://openalex.org/W3210938103","https://openalex.org/W3211072770","https://openalex.org/W3211575234","https://openalex.org/W3217015614","https://openalex.org/W4200629251","https://openalex.org/W4200630830","https://openalex.org/W4207008429","https://openalex.org/W4213174824","https://openalex.org/W4220894025","https://openalex.org/W4220897279","https://openalex.org/W4220909642","https://openalex.org/W4221141430","https://openalex.org/W4221159053","https://openalex.org/W4224313798","https://openalex.org/W4224316819","https://openalex.org/W4224926669","https://openalex.org/W4224983022","https://openalex.org/W4225412853","https://openalex.org/W4225791184","https://openalex.org/W4226110810","https://openalex.org/W4226544593","https://openalex.org/W4284666445","https://openalex.org/W4285288414","https://openalex.org/W4287080796","https://openalex.org/W4288083766","https://openalex.org/W4290944002","https://openalex.org/W4296591867","https://openalex.org/W4297808394","https://openalex.org/W4311079930","https://openalex.org/W4312768002","https://openalex.org/W4315977643","https://openalex.org/W4366590125","https://openalex.org/W4367047145","https://openalex.org/W4381786098","https://openalex.org/W4389675217","https://openalex.org/W6680830989","https://openalex.org/W6682948231","https://openalex.org/W6717434760","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6745537798","https://openalex.org/W6752051073","https://openalex.org/W6754278344","https://openalex.org/W6754929296","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6755573351","https://openalex.org/W6767551140","https://openalex.org/W6768021236","https://openalex.org/W6774314701","https://openalex.org/W6777179611","https://openalex.org/W6777265123","https://openalex.org/W6778102432","https://openalex.org/W6779101013","https://openalex.org/W6779326418","https://openalex.org/W6781834539","https://openalex.org/W6783961830","https://openalex.org/W6787586504","https://openalex.org/W6790400022","https://openalex.org/W6791753252","https://openalex.org/W6794411318","https://openalex.org/W6796788499","https://openalex.org/W6798779549","https://openalex.org/W6800395734","https://openalex.org/W6806186267","https://openalex.org/W6809884082","https://openalex.org/W6810984657","https://openalex.org/W6811077981","https://openalex.org/W6840079093","https://openalex.org/W6844194202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W4390273403","https://openalex.org/W4386781444","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W2150182025","https://openalex.org/W3092950680","https://openalex.org/W3197542405","https://openalex.org/W2056712470","https://openalex.org/W2130974462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"neural":[3],"architecture-based":[4],"recommender":[5],"systems":[6],"have":[7],"achieved":[8],"tremendous":[9],"success,":[10],"but":[11],"they":[12],"still":[13],"fall":[14],"short":[15],"of":[16,56,69,73,133,155],"expectation":[17],"when":[18],"dealing":[19],"with":[20],"highly":[21],"sparse":[22],"data.":[23],"Self-supervised":[24],"learning":[25,32],"(SSL),":[26],"as":[27,40,105,107],"an":[28,66,119],"emerging":[29],"technique":[30],"for":[31,158],"from":[33],"unlabeled":[34],"data,":[35],"has":[36],"attracted":[37],"considerable":[38],"attention":[39],"a":[41,51,77,130],"potential":[42],"solution":[43],"to":[44,80,113],"this":[45,143],"issue.":[46],"This":[47],"survey":[48],"paper":[49],"presents":[50],"systematic":[52],"and":[53,91,100,110,136,147,172],"timely":[54],"review":[55],"research":[57,171,176],"efforts":[58],"on":[59,71,165],"self-supervised":[60,156],"recommendation":[61],"(SSR).":[62],"Specifically,":[63],"we":[64,75,96,117,145,162],"propose":[65],"exclusive":[67],"definition":[68],"SSR,":[70],"top":[72],"which":[74,128],"develop":[76],"comprehensive":[78],"taxonomy":[79],"divide":[81],"existing":[82],"SSR":[83,134],"methods":[84],"into":[85],"four":[86],"categories:":[87],"contrastive,":[88],"generative,":[89],"predictive,":[90],"hybrid.":[92],"For":[93],"each":[94],"category,":[95],"elucidate":[97],"its":[98,108],"concept":[99],"formulation,":[101],"the":[102,153,166,169,174],"involved":[103],"methods,":[104],"well":[106],"pros":[109],"cons.":[111],"Furthermore,":[112],"facilitate":[114],"empirical":[115],"comparison,":[116],"release":[118],"open-source":[120],"library":[121],"SELFRec":[122],"(":[123],"<uri":[124],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[125],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">https://github.com/Coder-Yu/SELFRec</uri>":[126],"),":[127],"incorporates":[129],"wide":[131],"range":[132],"models":[135],"benchmark":[137],"datasets.":[138],"Through":[139],"rigorous":[140],"experiments":[141],"using":[142],"library,":[144],"derive":[146],"report":[148],"some":[149],"significant":[150],"findings":[151],"regarding":[152],"selection":[154],"signals":[157],"enhancing":[159],"recommendation.":[160],"Finally,":[161],"shed":[163],"light":[164],"limitations":[167],"in":[168],"current":[170],"outline":[173],"future":[175],"directions.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":156},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":111},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T08:27:34.040176","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
