{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379382413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3282898","title":"A Survey of Graph-Based Deep Learning for Anomaly Detection in Distributed Systems","display_name":"A Survey of Graph-Based Deep Learning for Anomaly Detection in Distributed Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379382413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3282898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2023.3282898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3282898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035732467","display_name":"Armin Danesh Pazho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1366-1919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armin Danesh Pazho","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1366-1919","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055615560","display_name":"Ghazal Alinezhad Noghre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7749-9047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghazal Alinezhad Noghre","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7749-9047","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015296337","display_name":"Arnab A Purkayastha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2906-3123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19833938","display_name":"Western New England University","ror":"https://ror.org/007cnf143","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19833938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnab A Purkayastha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2906-3123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19833938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067672238","display_name":"Jagannadh Vempati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-9706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137693","display_name":"Siemens (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axb7e79","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jagannadh Vempati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siemens Technology, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-9706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siemens Technology, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087248276","display_name":"Otto Mart\u00edn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3137-6180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137693","display_name":"Siemens (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axb7e79","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Otto Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siemens Technology, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3137-6180","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siemens Technology, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063615699","display_name":"Hamed Tabkhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5420-1121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamed Tabkhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5420-1121","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.821,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99342334,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8145948648452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.7142196297645569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6467117071151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5306320190429688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous","display_name":"Homogeneous","score":0.5274876356124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.49270370602607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4507014751434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.44551822543144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3833434581756592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3811793029308319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3739689290523529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3354286551475525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.16899460554122925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8145948648452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.7142196297645569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6467117071151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5306320190429688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.5274876356124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.49270370602607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4507014751434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.44551822543144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3833434581756592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3811793029308319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3739689290523529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3354286551475525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.16899460554122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2023.3282898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2023.3282898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":178,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484252823","https://openalex.org/W1672197616","https://openalex.org/W1698699930","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1888005072","https://openalex.org/W1964602337","https://openalex.org/W2000661457","https://openalex.org/W2009429512","https://openalex.org/W2011058684","https://openalex.org/W2022105928","https://openalex.org/W2028479713","https://openalex.org/W2039841137","https://openalex.org/W2050834445","https://openalex.org/W2055081158","https://openalex.org/W2084512860","https://openalex.org/W2089554624","https://openalex.org/W2093168265","https://openalex.org/W2095178814","https://openalex.org/W2099153428","https://openalex.org/W2106754084","https://openalex.org/W2120785704","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2123256336","https://openalex.org/W2143559571","https://openalex.org/W2145962650","https://openalex.org/W2148583977","https://openalex.org/W2154851992","https://openalex.org/W2155363942","https://openalex.org/W2158732813","https://openalex.org/W2165847864","https://openalex.org/W2180345992","https://openalex.org/W2224609888","https://openalex.org/W2284098035","https://openalex.org/W2403816530","https://openalex.org/W2535838896","https://openalex.org/W2547875792","https://openalex.org/W2586047314","https://openalex.org/W2591796333","https://openalex.org/W2620661538","https://openalex.org/W2741048099","https://openalex.org/W2743138268","https://openalex.org/W2766807000","https://openalex.org/W2767079719","https://openalex.org/W2768432814","https://openalex.org/W2789616217","https://openalex.org/W2796431263","https://openalex.org/W2803255133","https://openalex.org/W2806029905","https://openalex.org/W2808376748","https://openalex.org/W2808771744","https://openalex.org/W2810550035","https://openalex.org/W2890707978","https://openalex.org/W2897591836","https://openalex.org/W2897698945","https://openalex.org/W2900708792","https://openalex.org/W2901773810","https://openalex.org/W2902969195","https://openalex.org/W2904965361","https://openalex.org/W2906836970","https://openalex.org/W2910068345","https://openalex.org/W2910137068","https://openalex.org/W2911640637","https://openalex.org/W2921491036","https://openalex.org/W2944250323","https://openalex.org/W2952230511","https://openalex.org/W2962756421","https://openalex.org/W2962924847","https://openalex.org/W2963539945","https://openalex.org/W2963795951","https://openalex.org/W2963840672","https://openalex.org/W2966841471","https://openalex.org/W2978834584","https://openalex.org/W2981349114","https://openalex.org/W2981952612","https://openalex.org/W2982426954","https://openalex.org/W2983576094","https://openalex.org/W2984810221","https://openalex.org/W2990292865","https://openalex.org/W2997116778","https://openalex.org/W2998336824","https://openalex.org/W3004689489","https://openalex.org/W3006017224","https://openalex.org/W3011347095","https://openalex.org/W3012334351","https://openalex.org/W3016757214","https://openalex.org/W3032026348","https://openalex.org/W3034122135","https://openalex.org/W3034902810","https://openalex.org/W3036484052","https://openalex.org/W3037008030","https://openalex.org/W3038028469","https://openalex.org/W3039222472","https://openalex.org/W3040266635","https://openalex.org/W3046653923","https://openalex.org/W3048072497","https://openalex.org/W3068123808","https://openalex.org/W3082435965","https://openalex.org/W3089028909","https://openalex.org/W3091025531","https://openalex.org/W3091473186","https://openalex.org/W3092535286","https://openalex.org/W3094345499","https://openalex.org/W3098668375","https://openalex.org/W3101470767","https://openalex.org/W3102969158","https://openalex.org/W3104097132","https://openalex.org/W3104616090","https://openalex.org/W3106411000","https://openalex.org/W3112787034","https://openalex.org/W3118432735","https://openalex.org/W3122380385","https://openalex.org/W3126441351","https://openalex.org/W3126814579","https://openalex.org/W3129166376","https://openalex.org/W3133518153","https://openalex.org/W3133666793","https://openalex.org/W3133782851","https://openalex.org/W3135550350","https://openalex.org/W3151900735","https://openalex.org/W3153567752","https://openalex.org/W3157860595","https://openalex.org/W3163164440","https://openalex.org/W3165863275","https://openalex.org/W3169450514","https://openalex.org/W3173377676","https://openalex.org/W3178367256","https://openalex.org/W3184127157","https://openalex.org/W3187682244","https://openalex.org/W3189551349","https://openalex.org/W3191802839","https://openalex.org/W3192690687","https://openalex.org/W3193988822","https://openalex.org/W3197022418","https://openalex.org/W3200273708","https://openalex.org/W3203166992","https://openalex.org/W3203712260","https://openalex.org/W3206326321","https://openalex.org/W3206444595","https://openalex.org/W3206604724","https://openalex.org/W3209485964","https://openalex.org/W3210313187","https://openalex.org/W3214714397","https://openalex.org/W4210386189","https://openalex.org/W4226049647","https://openalex.org/W4226214891","https://openalex.org/W4226283880","https://openalex.org/W4253461361","https://openalex.org/W4285603628","https://openalex.org/W4293704747","https://openalex.org/W4297687186","https://openalex.org/W4303685612","https://openalex.org/W4384302784","https://openalex.org/W6632829031","https://openalex.org/W6633228498","https://openalex.org/W6639480849","https://openalex.org/W6650363573","https://openalex.org/W6655001604","https://openalex.org/W6677245018","https://openalex.org/W6683738474","https://openalex.org/W6690230747","https://openalex.org/W6696085341","https://openalex.org/W6729448088","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6744724615","https://openalex.org/W6758101687","https://openalex.org/W6759226220","https://openalex.org/W6766892243","https://openalex.org/W6767098714","https://openalex.org/W6768836789","https://openalex.org/W6772307254","https://openalex.org/W6774875199","https://openalex.org/W6779518175","https://openalex.org/W6780248173","https://openalex.org/W6785683489","https://openalex.org/W6794654009","https://openalex.org/W6796149743","https://openalex.org/W6797178670","https://openalex.org/W6889741782"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W632915154","https://openalex.org/W4229499248","https://openalex.org/W4378874356","https://openalex.org/W2055733372","https://openalex.org/W2369811061","https://openalex.org/W3089997100"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Anomaly":[0],"detection":[1,20,158],"is":[2,21,90],"a":[3,136],"crucial":[4],"task":[5],"in":[6,70,83,125,156,169],"complex":[7],"distributed":[8,71],"systems.":[9,56,72,161],"A":[10],"thorough":[11],"understanding":[12],"of":[13,18,26,64,87,119,167],"the":[14,24,62,120,126,152,165,180,191],"requirements":[15],"and":[16,38,111,128,130,172,183,187,196],"challenges":[17,107,154],"anomaly":[19,157],"pivotal":[22],"to":[23,49,67,91,99,104],"security":[25],"such":[27,55,108,160,170],"systems,":[28],"especially":[29],"for":[30,193],"real-world":[31,106],"deployment.":[32],"While":[33],"there":[34],"are":[35],"many":[36],"works":[37],"application":[39],"domains":[40],"that":[41],"deal":[42],"with":[43,144],"this":[44,58],"problem,":[45],"few":[46],"have":[47],"attempted":[48],"provide":[50,92],"an":[51,93,117],"in-depth":[52,94],"look":[53,95],"at":[54,96],"In":[57],"survey,":[59],"we":[60,140,163],"explore":[61],"potentials":[63],"graph-based":[65,97],"algorithms":[66],"identify":[68],"anomalies":[69],"These":[73],"systems":[74,143,171],"can":[75,81],"be":[76],"heterogeneous":[77],"or":[78],"homogeneous,":[79],"which":[80],"result":[82],"distinct":[84],"requirements.":[85],"One":[86],"our":[88],"objectives":[89],"approaches":[98],"conceptually":[100],"analyze":[101],"their":[102,132,174,185],"capability":[103],"handle":[105],"as":[109,147],"heterogeneity":[110],"dynamic":[112],"structure.":[113],"This":[114],"study":[115],"gives":[116],"overview":[118],"State-of-the-Art":[121],"(SotA)":[122],"research":[123],"articles":[124],"field":[127],"compare":[129],"contrast":[131],"characteristics.":[133],"To":[134],"facilitate":[135],"more":[137],"comprehensive":[138],"understanding,":[139],"present":[141],"three":[142],"varying":[145],"abstractions":[146],"use":[148],"cases.":[149],"We":[150,176],"examine":[151],"specific":[153],"involved":[155],"within":[159],"Subsequently,":[162],"elucidate":[164],"efficacy":[166],"graphs":[168],"explicate":[173],"advantages.":[175],"then":[177],"delve":[178],"into":[179],"SotA":[181],"methods":[182],"highlight":[184],"strength":[186],"weaknesses,":[188],"pointing":[189],"out":[190],"areas":[192],"possible":[194],"improvements":[195],"future":[197],"works.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
