{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312271813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2022.3231352","title":"Causal Inference for Knowledge Graph Based Recommendation","display_name":"Causal Inference for Knowledge Graph Based Recommendation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312271813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2022.3231352"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2022.3231352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2022.3231352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039731055","display_name":"Yinwei Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1791-3159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinwei Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1791-3159","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389037","display_name":"Xiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6148-6329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6148-6329","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038612499","display_name":"Liqiang Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-0273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqiang Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-0273","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101947418","display_name":"Shaoyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-6224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051207580","display_name":"Dingxian Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dingxian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Search Science Department, Ranking team, eBay Inc, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Search Science Department, Ranking team, eBay Inc, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089404640","display_name":"Tat\u2010Seng Chua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6097-7807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tat-Seng Chua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.3914,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98820568,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"11","first_page":"11153","last_page":"11164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7813556790351868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6787548065185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"Causal inference","score":0.5846278667449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-filtering","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","score":0.5799441337585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-thinking","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","score":0.5703570246696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.5637023448944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5442417860031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.535590410232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5205129981040955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.507717490196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.48114168643951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46450185775756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.4447230398654938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preference","display_name":"Preference","score":0.4424087703227997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.1990751028060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09378120303153992}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7813556790351868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6787548065185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.5846278667449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21569690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94702","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","level":3,"score":0.5799441337585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.5703570246696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.5637023448944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5442417860031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.535590410232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5205129981040955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.507717490196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.48114168643951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46450185775756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4447230398654938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.4424087703227997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.1990751028060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09378120303153992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2022.3231352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2022.3231352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514535095","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1533861849","https://openalex.org/W2054141820","https://openalex.org/W2127795553","https://openalex.org/W2140310134","https://openalex.org/W2143891888","https://openalex.org/W2184957013","https://openalex.org/W2259314895","https://openalex.org/W2509893387","https://openalex.org/W2605350416","https://openalex.org/W2759136286","https://openalex.org/W2771080603","https://openalex.org/W2788730650","https://openalex.org/W2792839191","https://openalex.org/W2798385737","https://openalex.org/W2902673021","https://openalex.org/W2911778742","https://openalex.org/W2911830322","https://openalex.org/W2912351665","https://openalex.org/W2913560138","https://openalex.org/W2945623882","https://openalex.org/W2949784712","https://openalex.org/W2955124656","https://openalex.org/W2962681511","https://openalex.org/W2963869731","https://openalex.org/W2963911286","https://openalex.org/W2965209830","https://openalex.org/W2982108874","https://openalex.org/W2998855746","https://openalex.org/W3004507689","https://openalex.org/W3034364571","https://openalex.org/W3035651653","https://openalex.org/W3035661448","https://openalex.org/W3043738669","https://openalex.org/W3044893918","https://openalex.org/W3045200674","https://openalex.org/W3094452565","https://openalex.org/W3098087397","https://openalex.org/W3103513278","https://openalex.org/W3106439716","https://openalex.org/W3129482887","https://openalex.org/W3152619510","https://openalex.org/W3152876231","https://openalex.org/W3155785643","https://openalex.org/W3155919942","https://openalex.org/W3156861396","https://openalex.org/W3156939347","https://openalex.org/W3164548985","https://openalex.org/W3168738558","https://openalex.org/W3177101259","https://openalex.org/W3177772862","https://openalex.org/W3182452706","https://openalex.org/W3189626311","https://openalex.org/W4226048133","https://openalex.org/W6629985540","https://openalex.org/W6630875275","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6631943919","https://openalex.org/W6678830454","https://openalex.org/W6680830989","https://openalex.org/W6746416176","https://openalex.org/W6763561447","https://openalex.org/W6764756247","https://openalex.org/W6773071766","https://openalex.org/W6774224449","https://openalex.org/W6799831306"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484355083","https://openalex.org/W2772628444","https://openalex.org/W4220714703","https://openalex.org/W2735929803","https://openalex.org/W2170391450","https://openalex.org/W2098758514","https://openalex.org/W3008845055","https://openalex.org/W2041004656","https://openalex.org/W135044020","https://openalex.org/W4376854386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Knowledge":[0,127],"Graph":[1],"(KG),":[2],"as":[3,181],"a":[4,123],"side-information,":[5],"tends":[6],"to":[7,10,53,143],"be":[8],"utilized":[9],"supplement":[11],"the":[12,23,31,35,41,55,61,68,75,81,88,92,96,103,107,114,117,134,147,170],"collaborative":[13],"filtering":[14],"(CF)":[15],"based":[16],"recommendation":[17,111],"model.":[18],"By":[19,165],"mapping":[20],"items":[21],"with":[22],"entities":[24],"in":[25,60,87,109,146],"KGs,":[26],"prior":[27],"studies":[28],"mostly":[29],"extract":[30],"knowledge":[32],"information":[33,70],"from":[34],"KGs":[36],"and":[37,45,79,112,139,162,192],"inject":[38],"it":[39],"into":[40],"representations":[42],"of":[43,71,98],"users":[44],"items.":[46],"Despite":[47],"their":[48],"remarkable":[49],"performance,":[50],"they":[51,64],"fail":[52],"model":[54,155],"user":[56,76,136],"preference":[57,77,137],"on":[58,91,156,169],"attribute":[59],"KG,":[62],"since":[63],"ignore":[65],"that":[66,174],"(1)":[67],"structure":[69],"KG":[72],"may":[73],"hinder":[74],"learning,":[78],"(2)":[80],"user's":[82],"interacted":[83],"attributes":[84],"will":[85],"result":[86],"bias":[89,145],"issue":[90],"similarity":[93,148],"scores.":[94],"With":[95],"help":[97],"causality":[99],"tools,":[100],"we":[101,121,151,172],"construct":[102],"causal-effect":[104],"relation":[105],"between":[106],"variables":[108],"KG-based":[110],"identify":[113],"reasons":[115],"causing":[116],"mentioned":[118],"challenges.":[119],"Accordingly,":[120],"develop":[122],"new":[124],"framework,":[125],"termed":[126],"Graph-based":[128],"Causal":[129],"Recommendation":[130],"(KGCR),":[131],"which":[132],"implements":[133],"deconfounded":[135],"learning":[138],"adopts":[140],"counterfactual":[141],"inference":[142],"eliminate":[144],"scoring.":[149],"Ultimately,":[150],"evaluate":[152],"our":[153],"proposed":[154],"three":[157],"datasets,":[158,171],"including":[159],"Amazon-book,":[160],"LastFM,":[161],"Yelp2018":[163],"datasets.":[164],"conducting":[166],"extensive":[167],"experiments":[168],"demonstrate":[173],"KGCR":[175],"outperforms":[176],"several":[177],"state-of-the-art":[178],"baselines,":[179],"such":[180],"KGNN-LS":[182],"(Wang":[183,188,194],"et":[184,189,195],"al.,":[185,190,196],"2019),":[186],"KGAT":[187],"2019)":[191],"KGIN":[193],"2021).":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-07-18T07:39:51.176621","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
