{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312882605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2022.3231338","title":"Causal Inference for Leveraging Image-Text Matching Bias in Multi-Modal Fake News Detection","display_name":"Causal Inference for Leveraging Image-Text Matching Bias in Multi-Modal Fake News Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312882605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2022.3231338"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2022.3231338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2022.3231338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063307425","display_name":"Linmei Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0993-8495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linmei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0993-8495","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010545977","display_name":"Ziwei Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziwei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6705-8387","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042424428","display_name":"Ziwang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5538-3190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziwang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jianhua Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4611-2986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4611-2986","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038612499","display_name":"Liqiang Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-0273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqiang Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-0273","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.5644,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98862897,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"11","first_page":"11141","last_page":"11152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6326794028282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"Causal inference","score":0.6039498448371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6018712520599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5694752931594849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5196470022201538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.4938076436519623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4410414397716522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3571467995643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1481032371520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09644365310668945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6326794028282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.6039498448371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6018712520599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5694752931594849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5196470022201538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4938076436519623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4410414397716522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3571467995643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1481032371520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09644365310668945}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2022.3231338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2022.3231338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2815490039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62276029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3596831556","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172261","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1933349210","https://openalex.org/W2143891888","https://openalex.org/W2486285194","https://openalex.org/W2577888896","https://openalex.org/W2741930413","https://openalex.org/W2774267535","https://openalex.org/W2809476703","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2912078280","https://openalex.org/W2912305564","https://openalex.org/W2963530300","https://openalex.org/W2966715458","https://openalex.org/W2970231061","https://openalex.org/W2970597249","https://openalex.org/W2988823324","https://openalex.org/W2989424501","https://openalex.org/W2994071599","https://openalex.org/W3017402509","https://openalex.org/W3092820619","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3099641295","https://openalex.org/W3108113606","https://openalex.org/W3126792443","https://openalex.org/W3126813721","https://openalex.org/W3150893739","https://openalex.org/W3152619510","https://openalex.org/W3153567752","https://openalex.org/W3156558703","https://openalex.org/W3156939347","https://openalex.org/W3157731560","https://openalex.org/W3166396011","https://openalex.org/W3171044370","https://openalex.org/W3173909648","https://openalex.org/W3176713826","https://openalex.org/W3184784418","https://openalex.org/W3193206811","https://openalex.org/W3195314408","https://openalex.org/W3206237685","https://openalex.org/W4205562077","https://openalex.org/W4224316507","https://openalex.org/W4225356279","https://openalex.org/W4226303981","https://openalex.org/W4283712118","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6732431570","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6747225742","https://openalex.org/W6763701032","https://openalex.org/W6766904570","https://openalex.org/W6780226713","https://openalex.org/W6784333009","https://openalex.org/W6789753369","https://openalex.org/W6791353385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055243143","https://openalex.org/W2889343356","https://openalex.org/W2787993192","https://openalex.org/W2773180822","https://openalex.org/W1972035260","https://openalex.org/W3215064753","https://openalex.org/W3112780530","https://openalex.org/W2263423262","https://openalex.org/W3121647782","https://openalex.org/W4213427734"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-modal":[0],"fake":[1,41,59,112,136,156,172],"news":[2,42,60,93,113,137,157,173],"detection":[3,43,114,158,174],"has":[4],"drawn":[5],"considerable":[6],"attention":[7],"with":[8,94,160,176],"the":[9,24,50,56,71,75,85,88,92,111,122,145,150,155,161,190],"development":[10],"of":[11,58,74,163,192],"online":[12],"social":[13],"media.":[14],"Existing":[15],"methods":[16],"primarily":[17],"conduct":[18],"direct":[19],"cross-modal":[20],"fusion,":[21],"while":[22],"ignoring":[23],"image-text":[25,51,76,151],"matching":[26,52,77,152],"degree":[27,153],"which":[28],"may":[29],"introduce":[30],"unexpected":[31],"bias.":[32],"This":[33],"work":[34,147],"studies":[35],"an":[36],"unexplored":[37],"problem":[38],"in":[39,65,87,134],"multi-modal":[40,135],"\u2013":[44],"how":[45,68,82],"to":[46,54,69,83,102,170],"deconfound":[47],"and":[48,81,97,125,178],"leverage":[49],"bias":[53,78,86],"improve":[55],"performance":[57],"detection.":[61,138],"The":[62],"key":[63],"lies":[64],"two":[66,186],"aspects:":[67],"remove":[70],"confounding":[72],"effect":[73],"during":[79],"training,":[80],"utilize":[84],"inference":[89],"stage":[90],"since":[91],"mismatched":[95],"image":[96],"text":[98],"is":[99,144],"more":[100],"likely":[101],"be":[103,168],"fake.":[104],"To":[105,139],"achieve":[106],"our":[107,140],"goal,":[108],"we":[109],"formulate":[110],"task":[115,159],"as":[116,181],"a":[117,127],"causal":[118,164],"graph":[119],"that":[120,148],"reflects":[121],"cause-effect":[123],"factors,":[124],"propose":[126],"novel":[128],"framework":[129],"\u2013Causal":[130],"Inference":[131],"forLeveragingImage-textMatchingBias":[132],"(CLIMB)":[133],"best":[141],"knowledge,":[142],"this":[143],"first":[146],"considers":[149],"into":[154],"approach":[162],"inference.":[165],"CLIMB":[166],"can":[167],"applied":[169],"any":[171],"models":[175],"visual":[177],"textual":[179],"features":[180],"inputs.":[182],"Extensive":[183],"experiments":[184],"on":[185],"real-world":[187],"datasets":[188],"validate":[189],"effectiveness":[191],"CLIMB.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
