{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211924018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2021.3126906","title":"Optimizing Random Walk Based Statistical Estimation over Graphs via Bootstrapping","display_name":"Optimizing Random Walk Based Statistical Estimation over Graphs via Bootstrapping","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211924018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2021.3126906","mag":"3211924018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2021.3126906","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2021.3126906","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064190343","display_name":"Hong Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7935-7210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50632499","display_name":"Chongqing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04vgbd477","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50632499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, 47913 Chongqing, Chongqing, China, 400044 (e-mail: xiehong2018@foxmail.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, 47913 Chongqing, Chongqing, China, 400044 (e-mail: xiehong2018@foxmail.com)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170","https://openalex.org/I50632499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006752593","display_name":"Pei Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2206-0393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, 47913 Chongqing, Sichuan, China, (e-mail: 201914131045@cqu.edu.cn)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, 47913 Chongqing, Sichuan, China, (e-mail: 201914131045@cqu.edu.cn)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083556469","display_name":"Yongkun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-6288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongkun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China, (e-mail: ykli@ustc.edu.cn)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China, (e-mail: ykli@ustc.edu.cn)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068489266","display_name":"John C. S. Lui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-0384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John C.S. Lui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science & Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Shatin/NT, Hong Kong, 00000 (e-mail: cslui@cse.cuhk.edu.hk)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science & Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Shatin/NT, Hong Kong, 00000 (e-mail: cslui@cse.cuhk.edu.hk)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2564,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54796966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10136","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Inference","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12536","display_name":"Topological and Geometric Data Analysis","score":0.9661999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.7915129661560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-walk","display_name":"Random walk","score":0.7733912467956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.635772705078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bootstrapping","display_name":"Bootstrapping (finance)","score":0.599321186542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance-reduction","display_name":"Variance reduction","score":0.5694636106491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.53400719165802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5198943614959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5175020694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4910769462585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.471391499042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.44752466678619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.37663254141807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3183421492576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.11083540320396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.10176318883895874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.7915129661560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121194460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856741","display_name":"Random walk","level":2,"score":0.7733912467956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.635772705078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207609745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4944086","display_name":"Bootstrapping (finance)","level":2,"score":0.599321186542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62644790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454689","display_name":"Variance reduction","level":3,"score":0.5694636106491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.53400719165802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5198943614959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5175020694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4910769462585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.471391499042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.44752466678619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.37663254141807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3183421492576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.11083540320396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.10176318883895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2021.3126906","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2021.3126906","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3292563469","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514107797","https://openalex.org/W1558755690","https://openalex.org/W1578330309","https://openalex.org/W1987316557","https://openalex.org/W1995945562","https://openalex.org/W1997943123","https://openalex.org/W2004671457","https://openalex.org/W2059530451","https://openalex.org/W2072422262","https://openalex.org/W2085962141","https://openalex.org/W2087247903","https://openalex.org/W2091214390","https://openalex.org/W2094433168","https://openalex.org/W2103799649","https://openalex.org/W2111315907","https://openalex.org/W2124181495","https://openalex.org/W2131439865","https://openalex.org/W2137135938","https://openalex.org/W2137138515","https://openalex.org/W2168380307","https://openalex.org/W2286079480","https://openalex.org/W2327088997","https://openalex.org/W2759633270","https://openalex.org/W2761716478","https://openalex.org/W2798585159","https://openalex.org/W2951479072","https://openalex.org/W2963294336","https://openalex.org/W2964019651","https://openalex.org/W2982231843","https://openalex.org/W3032120536","https://openalex.org/W3037500537","https://openalex.org/W3105543758","https://openalex.org/W3162231474","https://openalex.org/W4298872162","https://openalex.org/W6636278688","https://openalex.org/W6680914561","https://openalex.org/W6714748476","https://openalex.org/W6735906284","https://openalex.org/W6781080153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534274833","https://openalex.org/W3117246195","https://openalex.org/W156620619","https://openalex.org/W2098233217","https://openalex.org/W2914363205","https://openalex.org/W2616249226","https://openalex.org/W2997844990","https://openalex.org/W1598221548","https://openalex.org/W2081850291","https://openalex.org/W1963695443"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Random":[0],"walk":[1,155],"sampling":[2,156],"is":[3,31,142],"often":[4],"used":[5],"to":[6,18,60,101,111,148],"conduct":[7],"statistical":[8,26],"estimation":[9],"over":[10],"graphs.":[11],"This":[12],"paper":[13],"develops":[14],"an":[15],"algorithmic":[16,29,173],"framework":[17,30,174],"reduce":[19,80,102],"the":[20,35,46,51,57,84,89,92,137,165,176],"mean":[21,36,177],"square":[22,37,178],"error":[23,38],"of":[24,45,50,75,83,91,119,130,153,170],"such":[25,105],"estimation.":[27],"Our":[28,66],"inspired":[32],"by":[33,114],"that":[34,106],"can":[39,79,108,145],"be":[40,109,146],"decomposed":[41],"into":[42],"a":[43,62,72,116,150],"sum":[44],"bias":[47,63,67,82,133,139],"and":[48,126,144,167,180],"variance":[49,90,104],"estimator.":[52],"More":[53],"specifically,":[54],"we":[55],"apply":[56],"bootstrapping":[58],"technique":[59],"design":[61],"reduction":[64,68,134,140],"algorithm.":[65],"algorithm":[69,141],"only":[70],"utilizes":[71],"small":[73,113],"number":[74,118],"valid":[76],"sub-samples,":[77],"which":[78],"more":[81],"estimator":[85,93],"but":[86],"may":[87],"increase":[88],"significantly.":[94],"We":[95,122],"use":[96],"multiple":[97],"parallel":[98],"random":[99,120,154],"walks":[100],"this":[103],"it":[107],"reduced":[110],"arbitrarily":[112],"deploying":[115],"sufficient":[117],"walks.":[121],"provide":[123],"theoretical":[124],"guarantees":[125],"computational":[127,168],"complexity":[128],"analysis":[129],"our":[131,171],"proposed":[132,138,172],"algorithms.":[135,157],"Also,":[136],"generic":[143],"applied":[147],"optimize":[149],"large":[151],"class":[152],"Extensive":[158],"experiments":[159],"on":[160],"four":[161],"public":[162],"datasets":[163],"confirm":[164],"effectiveness":[166],"efficiency":[169],"under":[175],"metric":[179],"beyond.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}