{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199881745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2021.3112497","title":"Improving Rumor Detection by Promoting Information Campaigns With Transformer-Based Generative Adversarial Learning","display_name":"Improving Rumor Detection by Promoting Information Campaigns With Transformer-Based Generative Adversarial Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199881745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2021.3112497","mag":"3199881745"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2021.3112497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2021.3112497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/6659","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034823980","display_name":"Jing Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-8331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141568987","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-8331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361823","display_name":"Jun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-227X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-227X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009514550","display_name":"Wei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2028-2407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2028-2407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397616","display_name":"Yang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5070-4511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5070-4511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008208316","display_name":"Kam\u2010Fai Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-5659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kam-Fai Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9139,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96737842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"3","first_page":"2657","last_page":"2670"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8222455978393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rumor","display_name":"Rumor","score":0.6580508351325989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.5739165544509888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5521008372306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5497170686721802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-generation","display_name":"Natural language generation","score":0.5467202067375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminator","display_name":"Discriminator","score":0.546031653881073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.5400719046592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4891088604927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.41588982939720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.32299524545669556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.24335327744483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11708587408065796}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8222455978393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780469804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878352","display_name":"Rumor","level":2,"score":0.6580508351325989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.5739165544509888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5521008372306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5497170686721802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776187449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513879","display_name":"Natural language generation","level":3,"score":0.5467202067375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779803651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282088","display_name":"Discriminator","level":3,"score":0.546031653881073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.5400719046592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4891088604927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.41588982939720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.32299524545669556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.24335327744483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11708587408065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2021.3112497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2021.3112497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-7662","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/6659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TKDE.2021.3112497","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-7662","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/6659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TKDE.2021.3112497","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2464018058","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20B2063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4671507862","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AIS 21-22/02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320955","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320955","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546111015","https://openalex.org/W1638051351","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W1975594555","https://openalex.org/W2032897813","https://openalex.org/W2051405935","https://openalex.org/W2084591134","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2137515395","https://openalex.org/W2142869398","https://openalex.org/W2146502635","https://openalex.org/W2158899491","https://openalex.org/W2159981908","https://openalex.org/W2173520492","https://openalex.org/W2188594517","https://openalex.org/W2267186426","https://openalex.org/W2281420995","https://openalex.org/W2540896251","https://openalex.org/W2577716227","https://openalex.org/W2577888896","https://openalex.org/W2581637843","https://openalex.org/W2737907513","https://openalex.org/W2741930413","https://openalex.org/W2742144412","https://openalex.org/W2798787718","https://openalex.org/W2798966390","https://openalex.org/W2807880213","https://openalex.org/W2808228212","https://openalex.org/W2809476703","https://openalex.org/W2912078280","https://openalex.org/W2919877138","https://openalex.org/W2951523806","https://openalex.org/W2952230511","https://openalex.org/W2962788148","https://openalex.org/W2963249435","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963373786","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963684088","https://openalex.org/W2963729324","https://openalex.org/W2963969878","https://openalex.org/W2964199361","https://openalex.org/W2997976265","https://openalex.org/W3034531060","https://openalex.org/W3083982479","https://openalex.org/W4312248975","https://openalex.org/W6621378261","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6680610060","https://openalex.org/W6681435938","https://openalex.org/W6683602473","https://openalex.org/W6683738474","https://openalex.org/W6685352114","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6728711331","https://openalex.org/W6732431570","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389515667","https://openalex.org/W2983142544","https://openalex.org/W2891059443","https://openalex.org/W4281663961","https://openalex.org/W3208888551","https://openalex.org/W4313561566","https://openalex.org/W3208386644","https://openalex.org/W4389832810","https://openalex.org/W4220682630","https://openalex.org/W3181622257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rumors":[0],"can":[1,203],"cause":[2],"devastating":[3],"consequences":[4],"to":[5,28,44,62,95,114,135,146,166,175,179,198],"individuals":[6],"and":[7,69,183,189,227],"our":[8,201,223],"society.":[9],"Analysis":[10],"shows":[11],"that":[12,128,172,222],"the":[13,30,35,103,108,112,121,136,153,168,180,185,228],"widespread":[14],"of":[15,22,110,138,159,191],"rumors":[16],"typically":[17],"results":[18,234],"from":[19,80,120,149,194],"deliberate":[20],"promotion":[21],"information":[23],"with":[24,49,107],"unknown":[25],"veracity":[26],"aiming":[27],"shape":[29],"collective":[31],"public":[32],"opinions":[33],"on":[34,217],"concerned":[36],"news":[37],"event.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42,161],"attempt":[43],"combat":[45],"such":[46,56],"chaotic":[47],"phenomenon":[48],"a":[50,87,91,163],"countermeasure":[51],"by":[52,75],"mirroring":[53],"against":[54],"how":[55,142],"chaos":[57],"is":[58,73,93,132,145],"created":[59],"in":[60],"order":[61],"make":[63],"automatic":[64],"rumor":[65,117,199,224],"detection":[66,225],"more":[67,123,207],"robust":[68],"effective.":[70],"Our":[71],"idea":[72],"inspired":[74],"adversarial":[76,213],"learning":[77,130],"method":[78,165,202],"originated":[79],"Generative":[81],"Adversarial":[82],"Networks":[83],"(GAN).":[84],"We":[85,126],"propose":[86,162],"GAN-style":[88],"approach,":[89],"where":[90],"generator":[92],"designed":[94],"produce":[96],"uncertain":[97],"or":[98],"conflicting":[99],"voices,":[100],"further":[101],"polarizing":[102],"original":[104],"conversation":[105],"threads":[106],"intention":[109],"pressurizing":[111],"discriminator":[113],"learn":[115],"stronger":[116],"indicative":[118],"features":[119],"augmented,":[122],"challenging":[124],"examples.":[125],"reveal":[127],"feature":[129],"effectiveness":[131],"highly":[133],"relevant":[134],"quality":[137],"generated":[139,169],"parody,":[140],"viz.,":[141],"hard":[143],"it":[144],"get":[147],"distinguished":[148],"real":[150],"posts.":[151],"Given":[152],"strong":[154],"natural":[155],"language":[156],"generation":[157],"performance":[158],"transformer,":[160],"transformer-based":[164,229],"improve":[167],"posts,":[170],"so":[171],"they":[173],"appear":[174],"be":[176],"closely":[177],"responsive":[178],"source":[181],"post":[182],"retain":[184],"authentic":[186],"propagation":[187],"structure":[188],"context":[190],"information.":[192],"Different":[193],"traditional":[195],"data-driven":[196],"approach":[197],"detection,":[200],"capture":[204],"low-frequency":[205],"but":[206],"salient":[208],"non-trivial":[209],"discriminant":[210],"patterns":[211],"via":[212],"training.":[214],"Extensive":[215],"experiments":[216],"THREE":[218],"benchmark":[219],"datasets":[220],"demonstrate":[221],"methods":[226],"model":[230],"achieve":[231],"much":[232],"better":[233],"than":[235],"state-of-the-art":[236],"methods.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
