{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2517425990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2016.2605081","title":"Inferring Directions of Undirected Social Ties","display_name":"Inferring Directions of Undirected Social Ties","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2517425990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2016.2605081","mag":"2517425990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2016.2605081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2016.2605081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400217","display_name":"Jun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7835-9871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047153705","display_name":"Chaokun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2986-2574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaokun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100373517","display_name":"Jianmin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6841-7943"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianmin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075642293","display_name":"Jeffrey Xu Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9738-827X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Xu Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053479642","display_name":"Jun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6926-8118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113610809","display_name":"Changping Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2891,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81256843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"12","first_page":"3276","last_page":"3292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7670168876647949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-ties","display_name":"Interpersonal ties","score":0.6504461765289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6421303153038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6410296559333801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","score":0.4810181260108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.4787568151950836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.439360648393631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4339812397956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network-analysis","display_name":"Social network analysis","score":0.4105582535266876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.40686336159706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.37949270009994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3421105742454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1252744197845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11055141687393188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.09530529379844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.0783223807811737}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7670168876647949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142189719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1276633","display_name":"Interpersonal ties","level":2,"score":0.6504461765289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6421303153038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6410296559333801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4727928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164759","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","level":3,"score":0.4810181260108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4787568151950836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.439360648393631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4339812397956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114713312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551269","display_name":"Social network analysis","level":3,"score":0.4105582535266876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.40686336159706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37949270009994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3421105742454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1252744197845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11055141687393188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.09530529379844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0783223807811737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2016.2605081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2016.2605081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1020816535","display_name":"\u6cdb\u6570\u636e\u53cc\u5411\u5305\u5bb9\u8fde\u63a5\u67e5\u8be2\u5904\u7406\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61373023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4653270837","display_name":"\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6f5c\u5728\u91cd\u8981\u8282\u70b9\u53d1\u73b0\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61170064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24664060","https://openalex.org/W34646664","https://openalex.org/W44499440","https://openalex.org/W108936587","https://openalex.org/W122652761","https://openalex.org/W1511160855","https://openalex.org/W1560267311","https://openalex.org/W1562370653","https://openalex.org/W1864134408","https://openalex.org/W1964537599","https://openalex.org/W1980672078","https://openalex.org/W1988574606","https://openalex.org/W2003707464","https://openalex.org/W2010627475","https://openalex.org/W2013208096","https://openalex.org/W2018749988","https://openalex.org/W2020658122","https://openalex.org/W2021515354","https://openalex.org/W2022867359","https://openalex.org/W2054141820","https://openalex.org/W2061460268","https://openalex.org/W2063049279","https://openalex.org/W2073415627","https://openalex.org/W2084445547","https://openalex.org/W2090919675","https://openalex.org/W2098655743","https://openalex.org/W2101409529","https://openalex.org/W2107569009","https://openalex.org/W2109469951","https://openalex.org/W2115022330","https://openalex.org/W2124142520","https://openalex.org/W2128269848","https://openalex.org/W2130354913","https://openalex.org/W2136116685","https://openalex.org/W2142517301","https://openalex.org/W2146591355","https://openalex.org/W2146938438","https://openalex.org/W2149668059","https://openalex.org/W2155957339","https://openalex.org/W2156273451","https://openalex.org/W2166293769","https://openalex.org/W2169608593","https://openalex.org/W2420733993","https://openalex.org/W2545446346","https://openalex.org/W2768375068","https://openalex.org/W3122868618","https://openalex.org/W4298299405","https://openalex.org/W6630631696","https://openalex.org/W6682088147"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808523623","https://openalex.org/W3045084138","https://openalex.org/W2952662149","https://openalex.org/W4388292461","https://openalex.org/W2793616590","https://openalex.org/W2183090405","https://openalex.org/W2028055794","https://openalex.org/W2001447365","https://openalex.org/W2075666982","https://openalex.org/W2065835655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,177],"directionality":[1,35,73],"is":[2],"a":[3,91,132,182],"significant":[4],"but":[5,134],"inherent":[6],"property":[7],"of":[8,34,72,93,106,155],"social":[9,16,26,50,65,78,108],"ties,":[10],"though":[11],"usually":[12],"ignored":[13],"in":[14,63,69,170],"undirected":[15,64,107],"networks":[17,79,156],"due":[18],"to":[19,101,126,137],"its":[20],"invisibility.":[21],"However,":[22],"we":[23,55,89,159],"believe":[24],"most":[25],"ties":[27,109],"are":[28],"natively":[29],"directed,":[30],"and":[31,44,80,99,123],"the":[32,41,57,70,103,112,153,161,166,195],"perception":[33],"can":[36,117,151,164,180],"improve":[37,127],"our":[38,82,149],"understanding":[39],"about":[40],"network":[42,113,190],"structures":[43],"further":[45],"benefit":[46,165],"other":[47,120],"tasks":[48,168,192],"upon":[49],"networks.":[51,66],"In":[52],"this":[53],"study,":[54],"address":[56],"latent":[58],"tie":[59],"direction":[60],"inference":[61],"problem":[62],"We":[67,129],"engage":[68],"investigation":[71],"on":[74,111,174],"real-world":[75],"large-scale":[76],"directed":[77],"summarize":[81],"findings":[83],"using":[84],"four":[85],"patterns.":[86],"Upon":[87],"that":[88,144],"propose":[90],"family":[92,179],"ReDirect":[94,116,162,178],"approaches,":[95],"including":[96],"ReDirect-N,":[97],"ReDirect-T":[98],"ReDirect-One,":[100],"inferring":[102],"hidden":[104,196],"directions":[105,154],"based":[110],"topology":[114],"only.":[115],"incorporate":[118],"with":[119],"predictive":[121,167],"tasks,":[122],"introduce":[124],"supervision":[125],"performance.":[128],"also":[130],"present":[131],"simple":[133],"effective":[135],"strategy":[136],"construct":[138],"self-labeled":[139],"data.":[140],"Experimental":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"even":[145],"without":[146],"external":[147],"information,":[148],"approach":[150],"recover":[152],"effectively.":[157],"Moreover,":[158],"find":[160],"approaches":[163],"remarkably":[169],"an":[171],"experimental":[172],"study":[173],"link":[175],"prediction.":[176],"be":[181],"beneficial":[183],"general":[184],"data":[185],"preprocess":[186],"tool":[187],"for":[188],"various":[189],"analysis":[191],"by":[193],"uncovering":[194],"directions.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
