{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086460959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2002.1000349","title":"A modified Chi2 algorithm for discretization","display_name":"A modified Chi2 algorithm for discretization","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086460959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2002.1000349","mag":"2086460959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2002.1000349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2002.1000349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110052659","display_name":"Francis E. H. Tay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F.E.H. Tay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","Dept. of Mech. Eng., Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Mech. Eng., Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030794443","display_name":"Lixiang Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixiang Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","Dept. of Mech. Eng., Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Mech. Eng., Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5413,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":155,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94588652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"666","last_page":"670"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12923","display_name":"Digital Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretization","display_name":"Discretization","score":0.8922703266143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.7355909943580627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7141211032867432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4906097948551178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.4154036343097687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20423227548599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.13885793089866638}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.8922703266143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.7355909943580627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7141211032867432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4906097948551178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4154036343097687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20423227548599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.13885793089866638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tkde.2002.1000349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2002.1000349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.18.6969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.18.6969","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.geocities.com/roughset/IEEE.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.295.242","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.295.242","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://sci2s.ugr.es/keel/pdf/algorithm/articulo/2002-Tay-IEEETKDE.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/54419","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/54419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W69783631","https://openalex.org/W1513366687","https://openalex.org/W1537595551","https://openalex.org/W1585743408","https://openalex.org/W1678889691","https://openalex.org/W1704669313","https://openalex.org/W1833977909","https://openalex.org/W2082131185","https://openalex.org/W2097569937","https://openalex.org/W2114154044","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2170004686","https://openalex.org/W2793129321","https://openalex.org/W3112020351","https://openalex.org/W4255833381","https://openalex.org/W6602840736","https://openalex.org/W6630540995","https://openalex.org/W6635046684"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2364741597","https://openalex.org/W1492103595","https://openalex.org/W946352265","https://openalex.org/W3020787026","https://openalex.org/W2334479858","https://openalex.org/W1971388572","https://openalex.org/W2370926798","https://openalex.org/W3104199760"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,27,32,41,48,64,67,71,77,93,117,123,130],"ChiMerge":[2,28,68],"algorithm":[3,22,73,120],"was":[4],"first":[5,100],"proposed":[6],"by":[7,35],"Kerber":[8],"(1992),":[9],"it":[10,45,53],"has":[11],"become":[12],"a":[13,24,55,136],"widely":[14],"used":[15],"and":[16,44,105],"discussed":[17,101],"discretization":[18,33,94,139],"method.":[19,29,140],"The":[20,84],"Chi2":[21,72,119,125,132],"is":[23],"modification":[25],"to":[26,62,92,107],"It":[30,134],"automates":[31],"process":[34],"introducing":[36],"an":[37],"inconsistency":[38,86],"rate":[39,87],"as":[40],"stopping":[42],"criterion":[43],"automatically":[46],"selects":[47],"significance":[49],"value.":[50],"In":[51],"addition,":[52],"adds":[54],"finer":[56],"phase":[57],"aimed":[58],"at":[59],"feature":[60],"selection":[61],"broaden":[63],"applications":[65],"of":[66],"algorithm.":[69,133],"However,":[70],"does":[74],"not":[75],"consider":[76],"inaccuracy":[78,91],"inherent":[79],"in":[80,102],"ChiMerge's":[81],"merging":[82],"criterion.":[83],"user-defined":[85],"also":[88],"brings":[89],"about":[90],"process.":[95],"These":[96],"two":[97],"drawbacks":[98],"are":[99,110],"this":[103],"paper":[104],"modifications":[106],"overcome":[108],"them":[109],"then":[111],"proposed.":[112],"By":[113],"comparison,":[114],"results":[115],"with":[116],"original":[118,131],"using":[121],"C4.5,":[122],"modified":[124],"algorithm,":[126],"performs":[127],"better":[128],"than":[129],"becomes":[135],"completely":[137],"automatic":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
