{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404132585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938","title":"A Survey of Cybersecurity Challenges and Mitigation Techniques for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles","display_name":"A Survey of Cybersecurity Challenges and Mitigation Techniques for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404132585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199657","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","issn_l":"2379-8858","issn":["2379-8858","2379-8904"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095821209","display_name":"Bhosale Akshay Tanaji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bhosale Akshay Tanaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2646-3381","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003553381","display_name":"Sayak Roychowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4306-9334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sayak Roychowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4306-9334","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5095821209"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4049,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9307952,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"10","first_page":"4742","last_page":"4757"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9587000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7477589845657349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4075535237789154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4013793468475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3798084855079651}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7477589845657349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4075535237789154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4013793468475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3798084855079651}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199657","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","issn_l":"2379-8858","issn":["2379-8858","2379-8904"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2024.3493938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199657","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","issn_l":"2379-8858","issn":["2379-8858","2379-8904"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":161,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1577515394","https://openalex.org/W1965058431","https://openalex.org/W1993180463","https://openalex.org/W2064164188","https://openalex.org/W2068031356","https://openalex.org/W2099005886","https://openalex.org/W2144749388","https://openalex.org/W2258514285","https://openalex.org/W2320893193","https://openalex.org/W2414564754","https://openalex.org/W2490042896","https://openalex.org/W2492758985","https://openalex.org/W2500187471","https://openalex.org/W2606787130","https://openalex.org/W2611814963","https://openalex.org/W2702040310","https://openalex.org/W2732879715","https://openalex.org/W2754791580","https://openalex.org/W2756369196","https://openalex.org/W2770969899","https://openalex.org/W2771179281","https://openalex.org/W2789451771","https://openalex.org/W2790772609","https://openalex.org/W2795339160","https://openalex.org/W2801555828","https://openalex.org/W2804737480","https://openalex.org/W2805258854","https://openalex.org/W2859566721","https://openalex.org/W2891412341","https://openalex.org/W2892100170","https://openalex.org/W2897265506","https://openalex.org/W2897476383","https://openalex.org/W2900666610","https://openalex.org/W2901822188","https://openalex.org/W2902944136","https://openalex.org/W2903407922","https://openalex.org/W2912111384","https://openalex.org/W2913794513","https://openalex.org/W2918419195","https://openalex.org/W2921669785","https://openalex.org/W2946882861","https://openalex.org/W2948162897","https://openalex.org/W2952298682","https://openalex.org/W2953901595","https://openalex.org/W2955021975","https://openalex.org/W2963222704","https://openalex.org/W2963340840","https://openalex.org/W2964635667","https://openalex.org/W2968441472","https://openalex.org/W2989230094","https://openalex.org/W2993017767","https://openalex.org/W2993779861","https://openalex.org/W2996195849","https://openalex.org/W2996336409","https://openalex.org/W2997333075","https://openalex.org/W2998500054","https://openalex.org/W3004433506","https://openalex.org/W3005206852","https://openalex.org/W3011066755","https://openalex.org/W3013266468","https://openalex.org/W3013999909","https://openalex.org/W3014745174","https://openalex.org/W3024797253","https://openalex.org/W3026911476","https://openalex.org/W3028311029","https://openalex.org/W3034614954","https://openalex.org/W3035286387","https://openalex.org/W3038509227","https://openalex.org/W3038819935","https://openalex.org/W3042527829","https://openalex.org/W3044789047","https://openalex.org/W3046409155","https://openalex.org/W3046497401","https://openalex.org/W3082450558","https://openalex.org/W3082815818","https://openalex.org/W3087812235","https://openalex.org/W3092448674","https://openalex.org/W3092989827","https://openalex.org/W3093572925","https://openalex.org/W3093615997","https://openalex.org/W3096009936","https://openalex.org/W3097714818","https://openalex.org/W3099134114","https://openalex.org/W3099753023","https://openalex.org/W3114089852","https://openalex.org/W3114969094","https://openalex.org/W3116959705","https://openalex.org/W3119621753","https://openalex.org/W3121993166","https://openalex.org/W3126738606","https://openalex.org/W3127213969","https://openalex.org/W3132583427","https://openalex.org/W3135101338","https://openalex.org/W3138773454","https://openalex.org/W3159114521","https://openalex.org/W3164317619","https://openalex.org/W3171142246","https://openalex.org/W3171660637","https://openalex.org/W3175984392","https://openalex.org/W3184141949","https://openalex.org/W3186191935","https://openalex.org/W3186423419","https://openalex.org/W3194903133","https://openalex.org/W3201498213","https://openalex.org/W4206529651","https://openalex.org/W4220718301","https://openalex.org/W4220910237","https://openalex.org/W4221141549","https://openalex.org/W4225594710","https://openalex.org/W4226439309","https://openalex.org/W4255817895","https://openalex.org/W4284966659","https://openalex.org/W4285181401","https://openalex.org/W4288738279","https://openalex.org/W4292158698","https://openalex.org/W4316022144","https://openalex.org/W4318619326","https://openalex.org/W4320002750","https://openalex.org/W4320004351","https://openalex.org/W4321610930","https://openalex.org/W4360995031","https://openalex.org/W4362563530","https://openalex.org/W4365420394","https://openalex.org/W4365801692","https://openalex.org/W4366393760","https://openalex.org/W4367146810","https://openalex.org/W4376111699","https://openalex.org/W4376139506","https://openalex.org/W4380607288","https://openalex.org/W4380905122","https://openalex.org/W4381302572","https://openalex.org/W4384565103","https://openalex.org/W4385627484","https://openalex.org/W4385820052","https://openalex.org/W4386766681","https://openalex.org/W4386896216","https://openalex.org/W4386918877","https://openalex.org/W4387245332","https://openalex.org/W4387250401","https://openalex.org/W4387872718","https://openalex.org/W4387914657","https://openalex.org/W4388666567","https://openalex.org/W4389237603","https://openalex.org/W4389380599","https://openalex.org/W4389794090","https://openalex.org/W4390357354","https://openalex.org/W4390726718","https://openalex.org/W4390752207","https://openalex.org/W4391093140","https://openalex.org/W4391547712","https://openalex.org/W4391827249","https://openalex.org/W4392028977","https://openalex.org/W4392114248","https://openalex.org/W4392251898","https://openalex.org/W4392796949","https://openalex.org/W4393972787","https://openalex.org/W4396712882","https://openalex.org/W4399249842","https://openalex.org/W4399393121","https://openalex.org/W4402124184","https://openalex.org/W4403758665"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Connected":[0],"and":[1,17,33,87,111,133,151,171,191,212,233],"autonomous":[2],"vehicles":[3],"(CAVs)":[4],"are":[5,21,41,182,197],"emerging":[6],"as":[7,51,206],"the":[8,11,45,55,65,73,107,116,130,147,167,172,176,180,186,201,230,239],"future":[9,235],"of":[10,29,47,57,64,69,76,109,118,129,138,153,166,241,243],"automotive":[12],"industry":[13],"for":[14,25,38,96,157],"secure,":[15],"efficient":[16],"sustainable":[18],"mobility.":[19],"CAVs":[20,37,52,121,170],"being":[22],"rapidly":[23],"adapted":[24],"passenger":[26],"transportation,":[27],"delivery":[28],"cargo,":[30],"disaster":[31],"management":[32],"military":[34],"reconnaissance":[35],"missions.":[36],"urban":[39],"transportation":[40],"in":[42,136,145,214,219,238],"line":[43],"with":[44,106],"evolution":[46],"\u201csmart":[48],"cities.\u201d":[49],"However,":[50],"belong":[53],"to":[54,72,84,89,216],"family":[56],"cyber-physical":[58],"systems":[59],"(CPS),":[60],"they":[61],"inherit":[62],"some":[63],"generic":[66],"cyber":[67],"vulnerabilities":[68,104],"CPS.":[70],"Due":[71],"unique":[74],"features":[75],"vehicular":[77,97],"networks,":[78],"establishing":[79],"secure":[80],"communication":[81],"between":[82],"vehicle":[83,85,88],"(V2V)":[86],"infrastructure":[90],"(V2I)":[91],"has":[92,161],"remained":[93],"a":[94,163],"challenge":[95],"ad-hoc":[98],"network":[99],"(VANET)":[100],"service":[101],"providers.":[102],"The":[103,194],"associated":[105],"multitude":[108],"sensors":[110],"internal":[112],"connectivity":[113],"modules":[114],"increase":[115],"threat":[117],"cyber-attack":[119],"on":[120,169,175,185,200],"by":[122],"many":[123],"folds.":[124],"This":[125,159],"necessitates":[126],"clear":[127],"identification":[128],"potential":[131],"threats":[132],"classify":[134],"them":[135],"terms":[137],"attack":[139,189,192,222],"mechanisms.":[140,178],"Such":[141],"classification":[142],"will":[143],"help":[144],"mapping":[146],"existing":[148],"security":[149],"solutions":[150],"exploration":[152],"new":[154],"defense":[155,177,203],"strategies":[156,196],"CAVs.":[158,244],"article":[160],"conducted":[162],"comprehensive":[164],"survey":[165],"cyber-attacks":[168,181],"ongoing":[173],"research":[174,236],"Here,":[179],"organized":[183],"based":[184,199],"attacker":[187],"strategies,":[188],"surfaces,":[190],"vectors.":[193],"mitigation":[195],"categorized":[198],"underlying":[202],"approaches":[204],"such":[205],"cryptography,":[207],"intrusion":[208],"detection,":[209],"access":[210],"control,":[211],"authentication":[213],"relation":[215],"their":[217],"effectiveness":[218],"mitigating":[220],"different":[221],"categories.":[223],"In":[224],"conclusion":[225],"this":[226],"review":[227],"delves":[228],"into":[229],"current":[231],"challenges":[232],"explores":[234],"directions":[237],"domain":[240],"cybersecurity":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}