{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385154238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2023.3297592","title":"Identifying Critical Test Scenarios for Lane Keeping Assistance System Using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Hierarchical Clustering","display_name":"Identifying Critical Test Scenarios for Lane Keeping Assistance System Using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Hierarchical Clustering","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385154238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2023.3297592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tiv.2023.3297592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2023.3297592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199657","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","issn_l":"2379-8858","issn":["2379-8858","2379-8904"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045326189","display_name":"Rui Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4588-858X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094894","display_name":"China Automotive Technology and Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00r5r6807","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","China Automotive Technology Research Center Company Ltd., Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Automotive Technology Research Center Company Ltd., Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094894"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362375","display_name":"Xuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3999-8923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081266790","display_name":"Xiangmo Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0116-5988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangmo Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100443450","display_name":"Mingyang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5186-0590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094894","display_name":"China Automotive Technology and Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00r5r6807","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CATARC Automotive Test Center (Guangzhou) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CATARC Automotive Test Center (Guangzhou) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094894"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029395667","display_name":"Jianhua Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094894","display_name":"China Automotive Technology and Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00r5r6807","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["CATARC Automotive Test Center (Guangzhou) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CATARC Automotive Test Center (Guangzhou) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094894"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113600509","display_name":"Fei\u2010Yue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei-Yue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045326189"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098","https://openalex.org/I4210094894"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3896,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92585595,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"10","first_page":"4370","last_page":"4380"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9764000177383423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytic-hierarchy-process","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","score":0.7706731557846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7294339537620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.615481972694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6140247583389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6106221675872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.5198624134063721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.5100746750831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scenario-testing","display_name":"Scenario testing","score":0.4841480851173401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.47095686197280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4627630114555359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.45721718668937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-strategy","display_name":"Test strategy","score":0.45406481623649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.45372864603996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.4301873445510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3078473210334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.2338433563709259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.20818853378295898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18316304683685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.15427741408348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.07061746716499329}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87345402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485202","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","level":2,"score":0.7706731557846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7294339537620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.615481972694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6140247583389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6106221675872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.5198624134063721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5100746750831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80519477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532236","display_name":"Scenario testing","level":3,"score":0.4841480851173401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.47095686197280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4627630114555359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.45721718668937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188598960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705805","display_name":"Test strategy","level":3,"score":0.45406481623649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45372864603996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.4301873445510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3078473210334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.2338433563709259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.20818853378295898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18316304683685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.15427741408348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07061746716499329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tiv.2023.3297592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2023.3297592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199657","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","issn_l":"2379-8858","issn":["2379-8858","2379-8904"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3607637666","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62203250","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6009616416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020TQ1057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7585750288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020M682823","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W578566540","https://openalex.org/W2048989213","https://openalex.org/W2123739610","https://openalex.org/W2525337062","https://openalex.org/W2528059250","https://openalex.org/W2754582354","https://openalex.org/W2795536852","https://openalex.org/W2889054948","https://openalex.org/W2896815047","https://openalex.org/W2900664843","https://openalex.org/W2914664701","https://openalex.org/W2923088732","https://openalex.org/W2969446427","https://openalex.org/W3022293162","https://openalex.org/W3022708868","https://openalex.org/W3097128407","https://openalex.org/W3105390338","https://openalex.org/W3109432046","https://openalex.org/W3194249539","https://openalex.org/W3203339885","https://openalex.org/W3204679685","https://openalex.org/W4210607981","https://openalex.org/W4220986001","https://openalex.org/W4226335358","https://openalex.org/W4252748085","https://openalex.org/W4285012713","https://openalex.org/W4285047493","https://openalex.org/W4289654555","https://openalex.org/W4289792821","https://openalex.org/W4296425724","https://openalex.org/W4311409157","https://openalex.org/W4312081617","https://openalex.org/W4312219301","https://openalex.org/W4312238169","https://openalex.org/W4312550876","https://openalex.org/W4313039234","https://openalex.org/W4323519573","https://openalex.org/W4327928288","https://openalex.org/W4361799717","https://openalex.org/W4366957398","https://openalex.org/W4367146999","https://openalex.org/W4376851267"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4309227563","https://openalex.org/W1567814420","https://openalex.org/W2947911386","https://openalex.org/W2125022076","https://openalex.org/W2998158274","https://openalex.org/W3185403326","https://openalex.org/W2049369550","https://openalex.org/W2964728696","https://openalex.org/W4288411761","https://openalex.org/W2347378298"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lane":[0],"keeping":[1],"assistance":[2],"system":[3,193],"(LKAS)":[4],"is":[5,16,53,126,143],"critical":[6,46,85,168],"components":[7],"of":[8,28,92,111,145,155,167,179],"autonomous":[9,180],"driving":[10,181],"technologies,":[11],"and":[12,22,31,38,79,158,177,182,191,198],"their":[13],"reliable":[14,159],"operation":[15],"crucial":[17],"to":[18,73,83,101,108,128],"ensure":[19],"passenger":[20],"safety":[21,30],"maintain":[23],"traffic":[24],"flow.":[25],"The":[26,94,136],"validation":[27],"LKAS's":[29],"performance":[32],"requires":[33],"extensive":[34],"testing":[35,178,190],"using":[36],"diverse":[37],"representative":[39],"test":[40,47,86,161,169],"scenarios.":[41,162],"However,":[42],"identifying":[43],"the":[44,61,71,89,99,103,109,112,117,123,175,200],"most":[45],"scenarios":[48,87,132,151,170],"from":[49],"a":[50,54,65,185,189],"large":[51],"data":[52],"significant":[55],"challenge.":[56],"Inspired":[57],"by":[58,115],"Scenarios":[59],"Engineering,":[60],"present":[62],"study":[63],"introduces":[64],"novel":[66],"approach":[67,96],"that":[68,106,140],"includes":[69],"being":[70],"first":[72,97],"combine":[74],"analytic":[75],"hierarchy":[76],"process":[77],"(AHP)":[78],"hierarchical":[80],"clustering":[81,121,147],"(HC)":[82],"identify":[84],"for":[88,174,187,194],"comprehensive":[90],"evaluation":[91,192],"LKAS.":[93,113],"proposed":[95],"utilizes":[98],"AHP":[100],"rank":[102],"key":[104,118],"factors":[105,119],"contribute":[107],"failure":[110,131,150],"Then,":[114],"taking":[116],"as":[120,184],"parameters,":[122],"HC":[124],"method":[125,142],"employed":[127],"cluster":[129],"LKAS":[130,149,160,195],"with":[133],"similar":[134],"characteristics.":[135],"experimental":[137],"results":[138],"suggest":[139],"our":[141],"capable":[144],"effectively":[146],"200":[148],"into":[152],"9":[153,165],"categories":[154,166],"critical,":[156],"reasonable,":[157],"Furthermore,":[163],"these":[164],"can":[171],"provide":[172],"guidance":[173],"development":[176],"serve":[183],"foundation":[186],"establishing":[188],"in":[196],"China":[197],"around":[199],"world.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
